• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1007-1015
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• 2013

A stochastic probability model based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process is represented that can correctly analyze the time-dependent linear and nonlinear behaviors of total damage over the occurrence process of loads. Introducing several types of damage intensity functions, the probability of failure and the total damage with respect to mean time to failure has been investigated in detail. Taking particularly the limit state to be the random variables followed with a distribution function, the uncertainty of that would be taken into consideration in this paper. In addition, the stochastic probability model has been straightforwardly applied to the rubble-mound breakwaters with the definition of damage level about the erosion of armor units. The probability of failure and the nonlinear total damage with respect to mean time to failure has been analyzed with the damage intensity functions for armor units estimated by fitting the expected total damage to the experimental datum. Based on the present results from the stochastic probability model, the preventive management for the armor units of the rubble-mound breakwaters would be suggested to make a decision on the repairing time and the minimum amounts repaired quantitatively.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.471-479
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of preventive behavior intention to the particulate matter. The results based on the survey of 280 university students showed that the perceived susceptibility and barriers to the particulate matter do not have statistically significant effects on the preventive behavior intention. However, perceived severity and benefits, subjective norm, and self-efficacy to the particulate matter had statistically significant positive effects on the preventive behavior intention. The results of this study suggested that communication strategies to increase perceived severity and benefits, subjective norm and self-efficacy should be required to improve the degree of preventive behavior intention to the particulate matter of college students. It is expected to contribute explaining preventive actions against environmental hazards such as air pollution in the future.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.4 s.51
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• pp.809-844
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• 1995

The purposes of this study are to define the scope of occupational health management and to classify occupational management by review of related journals from 1945 to 1994 in Korea. The steps of this study were as follows: (1) Search of secondary reference; (2) Collection and review of primary reference; (3) Survey; and (4) Analysis and discussion. The results were as follows ; 1. Most of the respondents majored in occupational health(71.6%), and were working in university (68.3%), males and over the age 40. Seventy percent of the respondents agreed with the idea that classification of occupational health management is necessary, and 10% disagreed. 2. After integration of the idea of respondents, we reclassified the scope of occupational health management. It was defined 3 parts, that is , occupational health system, occupational health service and others (such as assessment, epidemiology, cost-effectiveness analysis and so on). 3. The number of journals on occupational health management was 510. It was sightly increased from 1986 and abruptly increased after 1991. The kinds of journals related to occupational health management were The Korean Journal of Occupational Medicine(18.2%), Several Kinds of Medical Colloge Journal(17.0%), The Korean Journal Occupational Health(15.1%), The Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine(15.1%) and others(34.6%). As for the contents, the number of journals on occupational health management systems was 33(6.5%) and occupational health services 477(93.5%). Of the journals on occupational health management systems, the number of journals on the occupational health resource system was 15(45.5%), occupational finance system 8(24.2%), occupational health management system 6(18.2%), occupational organization 3(9.1%) and occupational health delivery system 1 (3.0%). Of the journals on occupational health services, the number of journals on disease management was 269(57.2%), health management 116(24.7%), working environmental management 85(18.1%). As for the subjects, the number of journals on general workers was 185(71.1%), followed by women worker, white coiler workers and so on. 4. Respondents made occupational health service(such as health management, working environmental management and health education) the first priority of occupational health management. Tied for the second are quality analysis(such as education, training and job contents of occupational health manager) and occupational health systems(such as the recommendation of systems of occupational and general disease and occupational health organization). 5. Thirty seven respondents suggested 48 ideas about the future research of occupational health management. The results were as follows: (1) Study of occupational health service 40.5%; (2) Study of organization system 27.1%; (3) Study of occupational health system (e.g. information network) 8.3%; (4) Study of working condition 6.2%; and (5) Study of occupational health service analysis 4.2%.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 1999

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the trends of original research in the Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine, and to evaluate the quality of original articles about lead poisoning. Method: The data for the analysis of trends in preventive medicine research was taker from a total of 829 original articles published in the Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine from 1968 to 1997, The qualitative meta-analysis was measured against a checklist of evaluation criteria, which were divided into 10 categories, with 46 articles on lead poisoning. The evaluation process was performed independently by two evaluators, Results: The number of articles per 100 members over the study period increased by almost 4 pieces in the early 1980s, and by more than 9 pieces in the mid-1990s. In the major classifications of subjects, environmental and industrial health, epidemiology and health statistics, and health policy and management published 370 pieces (44.0%), 137 pisces (16.5%), 322 pieces (38.9%) respectively. In the order of the number of articles, five themes about health significance, including metal exposure (73 pieces), diseases associated with exposure to organic solvents (45 pieces), air pollution (36 pieces), maternal and child health (32 pieces), and occupational health (3D pieces) received consistent attention throughout the years $1968\sim1997$. The overall mean score of article qualify about lead poisoning was 37.8 out of 50. Of the articles any information on the purpose and hypothesis described well, Of those the originality of the subjects, the form of article's (including tables and figures), and the number of inappropriate words of abstracts showed very low score. For multiple regression analyses, the number of joint research institutes and the acceptance of research grants about the article quality were statistically significant. Conclusions: The number of original research reports in the Korean J Prev Med has recently increased and their subjects bave diversified. Of the basis of this study, the articles need improvement in the areas of abstracts, tables and illustrations (figures), etc. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine will revise contribution regulations for manuscripts submitted to the Korean J Prev Med. Future studies should address these issues and perform the quantitative mata-analysis about the specific subjects including the quality of articles.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.55-61
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• 2013

We undertook the quantitative evaluations of Industrial Accident Prevention Program (IAPP). The six parameters, such as relevance, efficiency, consistency, sustainability, effectiveness, coherence, were chosen by expert plenary sessions. Two stage of Analytic Hierarchy Process were used to determine the weighted value of assessment criteria. This expert plenary suggests that the six parameters and its weight values are useful for quantitative evaluations of IAPP. Additional researches regarding the real world application of this assessment tool should be initiated.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.19 no.1 s.19
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• pp.130-136
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• 1986

The particle size of suspended particulates was measured by a Anderson air sampler from Mar. 1982 to Feb. 1984 in a part of Seoul. It was concluded as follows : 1) The arithmetic concentration of suspended particulates was $147.8{\mu}g/m^3$ in Spring, 136.9 in Summer, 131.9 in Autumn and 158.1 in Winter respectively. 2) The cumulative distribution of suspended particulates size in logarithmic diagram showed similar to normal log distribution. 3) The atmospheric particulate matters showed a bimodal size distribution on the base of unit particle concentrations, which divided at approximately $2{\mu}m$ in the diameter. 4) While the fine particulates less than $2.1{\mu}m\;was\;35.4{\sim}45.0%$, the coarse particulates was $55.0{\sim}64.5%$. 5) The higher the concentration of suspended particulates, the more increased the ratio of fine particulates. The higher the concentration of suspended particulates, the lower median size of suspended particulate as well. 6) The respirable dust particulates less than $4.7{\mu}m\;was\;52.2{\sim}62.9%$ in seasonal average through the 2 year samples. With the above result, air pollution concerned with public health could be evaluated and the control measures also are suggested.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.465-472
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• 2022

Manual material handling is the one of the leading causes for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and lower back discomfort. According to a study, construction formworkers suffer greater rates of muscular injuries and related illness due to manual activities. However, there is still a paucity of information on MSD, preventive posture issues, and corresponding solutions for construction aluminum formworkers. As a result, MSD and disregard of worker health and safety continue to exist at construction sites. Although preventive measures and strategies have been studied in previous research, we believe it is imperative to shed light on this problem through this study. This study aims to 1) implement a simple and cost-effective elevated bench to reduce MSDs, and 2) determine the rapid upper limbs assessment (RULA) and Ovako working posture analyzing system (OWAS) action catagory of workers in different postures to assess their MSD conditions and obtain an optimal position and posture using the Jack human modeling software and simulation tool. The study findings reveal a considerable reduction in MSD discomfort and which posture is acceptable in post-intervention instances.Thus results provide inexpensive and simple ergonomic interventions with favorable RULA and OWAS ratings that can be applied at construction sites. This study demonstrates workstation ergonomic intervention cases that can aid in understanding the urgency of applying existing research strategies into practice.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.20 no.1 s.21
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• pp.56-66
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• 1987

Information on productivity of hospital personnel is required for optimum staffing and hospital management. This study deals with the quantitative aspects of workload of medical personnel in training hospitals by their specific characteristics. Specifically this study attempted to find relevant determinants of the productivity of medical personnel using multiple stepwise regression analysis based on data obtained from 135 training hospitals. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) Daily average number of outpatients and inpatients treated by a physician were 20.4 and 10.2, respectively. 2) Daily average number of patients cared by a nurse was 8.2. Daily average number of tests performed by pathologic technician and radiologic technician were 83.2 and 21.5, respectively. 3) Productivity of medical personnel were significantly different for the three groups of factors: hospital sire (number of beds, number of medical personnel per 100 beds): institutional characteristics (medical school affiliation, training type, profit status); and environmental factors (location, number of physician and beds per 1,000 population in the region). 4) The factors a(footing the productivity varied according to the types of medical profession: the number if beds, the number of physicians per 100 beds, training type, and profit status for physicians; the number of nurses per 100 beds, the number of beds, medical school affiliation for nurses; the number of physicians per 100 beds, the number of technicians per 100 beds, and ownership for pathologic technicians; the number o( technicians, training type, and the number of physicians per 100 beds for radiologic technician.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Using three Austrian case studies, the variegated applications of molecular typing in today's public health laboratories are discussed to help illustrate preventive management strategies relying on DNA subtyping. DNA macrorestriction analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis has become the gold standard for subtyping of food borne pathogens like listeria, salmonella, campylobacter and Bacillus cereus. Using a Salmonella Mbandaka outbreak from the year 2010 as example, it is shown how the comparison of patterns from human isolates, food isolates, animal isolates and feed isolates can allow to identify and confirm a source of disease. An epidemiological connection between the simultaneous occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle and deer with cases of human tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium caprae in 2010 was excluded using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units variable-number tandem repeats subtyping. Also in 2010, multilocus sequence typing with nonselective housekeeping genes, the so-called sequence based typing protocol, was used to elucidate connections between an environmental source (a hospital drinking water system) and a case of legionellosis. During the last decades, molecular typing has evolved to become a routine tool in the daily work of public health laboratories. The challenge is now no longer to simply type microorganisms, but to type them in a way that allows for data exchange between public health laboratories all over the world.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 1983

To investigate the an air pollution by particulate matter and its dispersion, a cement plant produceing portland cement 600,000 ton/year and its vicinity were surveyed from Obtober, 1980 to April, 1983. The survey was mainly focused on main stack emmission rate of the cement plant and particle size distribution in the dust, dustfall and total suspended particulate concentration in the area by month and distance from the stack. The results of the study were as follows; 1. The main stack emission rate was surveyed before and after the spray tower was additionally installed to the original E.P bag filter. Before the spray tower installed, the main stack emission rate was higher ($0.64g/Nm^3$) than the emission standard of Korean Environmental Preservation Law's ($0.59g/Nm^3$, amended to $0.4g/Nm^3$ on April 1983), but after the spray tower was installed, its main stack emission rate was markedly decreased to the standard ($0.43g/Nm^3$). 2. $2{\sim}3{\mu}m$ of the particle size was the largest portion (20.8%) of the dust particulate from the main stack and 50% of the frequency distribution was $1.5{\mu}m$ of the size. Most particle size was below $10{\mu}m$. 3. The spray tower reduced the dustfall to $37.81{\sim}9.76\;ton/km^2/month$ while dustfall appeared at $45.29-15.45ton/km^2/month$, in the vicinity of plant before spray tower installed 4. Mean concentrations of total suspended particulate for 24 hours of the various stations were determined in $20.6-200.0{\mu}g/m^3$, 3 stations of tham were higher than the value of Harry and William's arthmetic average standard $130{\mu}g/m^3$. 5. Linear regression between dustfall [X] and total suspended particulate[Y] concentration was an equation, Y=4.024X+11.479.[r=0.91] 6. During the whole seasons in the opposite area 100m apart from the omission source the prevailing wind direction was with estimated more than $30ton/km^2/month$, and the concentration of total suspended particulate for 24 hours averaging time was more than $140{\mu}g/m^3$ in the same area and direction. 7. Assuming the wind direction were constant through the day dustfalls for a day were estimated at $13.40ton/km^2/day,\;10.79ton/km^2/day$ and $4.55ton/km^2/day$ at various distances of 100m, 500m and 1,500m from the emission source respectively. 8. In the simutalion of dustfall and suspended dust by area, Gaussian dispersion model modified by size distribution of particulate matter was not applicated since the emission of dust were from multi sources other them stack. From the above results, it could be applied that the dispersion of dust from the cement plant is estimated and regulated for the purpose of environmental protection.