• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2009

2007년 11월 현재 운영 중인 전국 73개 도축장 및 62개 부산물처리장에서 근무하고 있는 소 도축 관련 종사자 1,503명(도축작업자 859명, 부산물처리자 358명, 검사관 및 검사보조원 191명, 등급판정사 및 보조원 95명)을 대상으로 3가지 인수공통감염증(브루셀라증, 큐열, 장출혈성대장균감염증)에 대한 인지도 및 전파경로, 예방법 등에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 각 직종별로 인수공통감염증에 대한 인지도를 성별, 연령대별, 학력별로 분석하였다. 각 인수공통감염증의 인지율은 브루셀라증이 83.9%로 높은데 비해, 장출혈성대장균감염증은 62.1%이었고, 큐열은 18.5%이었다. 큐열의 경우, 도축작업자와 부산물처리자, 등급판정사 및 보조원의 인지율이 각각 6.6%, 10.3%, 18.9%에 불과했다. 직종별로는 도축작업자와 부산물처리자의 인지율이 검사관 및 검사보조원이나 등급판정사 및 보조원에 비하여 낮고, 같은 직종 내에서는 브루셀라증과 장출혈성대장균감염증의 인지율이 학력이 증가함에 따라 유의미하게 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 또한 다항로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 학력이 유의미하게 인지도에 영향을 주는 요인으로 밝혀져 고위험군을 대상으로 인수공통감염증 전반에 대한 기초적인 교육의 중요성이 강조된다. 각 인수공통감염증의 전파경로로 대부분의 종사자들이 경구를 통한 감염에 대해서는 올바르게 인지하고 있었지만, 그 외의 감염경로에 대해서는 모르거나 잘못 알고 있는 경우가 많았다. 인수공통감염증의 예방이 어려운 이유를 묻는 질문에서 도축작업자와 부산물처리자는 ‘예방법을 몰라서’가, 검사관 및 검사보조원과 등급판정사 및 보조원은 ‘보호구는 있는데 착용하면 불편하고 거추장스러워서’가 가장 많은 답변이었다. 이번 연구의 결과를 토대로 큐열에 대한 홍보교육을 강화하여야 할 것이며, 도축작업자와 부산물처리자에 대해서는 인수공통전염병 전반에 대한 기초교육과 함께 예방법에 대한 교육을 실시해야 할 것이다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.222-229
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• 2014

지금까지 다른 고위험군들에 비해 상대적으로 양돈 종사자에 대한 연구가 드물었고, 돼지가 인수공통감염병의 주요 병원소로 국내에서도 돼지와 관련된 인수공통감염병이 지속적으로 발생하고 있는 상황에서 이번 연구는 양돈 종사자들을 대상으로 인수공통감염병에 대한 인지도를 파악해 보고자 진행하였다. 2012년도에 경상남도 권역, 경상북도 권역, 전라남도 권역, 충청남도 권역 등 4개 권역의 양돈협회 자체교육에 참여한 양돈 종사자 중 278명을 대상으로 자체 개발하여 농업기술원의 전문가 23명을 대상으로 타당성 조사를 마친 설문지를 활용하여 일 대 일 면접방식으로 설문조사를 진행하였다. 인수공통감염병의 인지율은 살모넬라증 89.6%, 결핵 87.8%, 브루셀라증 85.6% 등의 순으로 개별 인수공통감염병에 대해서는 80% 이상 인지하고 있었지만 인수공통감염병 자체에 대한 인지율은 52.9%이었고, 돼지의 질병이 사람에게 감염될 수 있다고 응답한 대상자는 46.9%에 불과하였다. 연구 대상자들의 개별 특성 및 양돈 작업관련 특성 중 인수공통감염병 인지율에 미치는 영향을 파악해 본 결과 대학 졸업이상의 학력을 가진 대상자들이 중학교 졸업 이하의 학력을 가진 대상자들에 비해 인수공통감염병 자체는 3.1배, 살모넬라증은 6.0배 더 잘 인지하고 있었다. 또한 양돈업에 10년 미만 종사한 대상자들에 비해 30년 이상과 20-29년 종사한 대상자들이 각각 6.2배와 7.9배 더 잘 살모넬라증을 인지하고 있었다. 이처럼 국내의 양돈 종사자들은 브루셀라증, 살모넬라증, 결핵 등 각각의 인수공통감염병에 대해서는 잘 인지하고 있었지만 인수공통감염병이라는 용어 자체와 돼지의 질병이 사람에게도 감염될 수 있다는 특성은 절반 정도만이 인지하고 있었다. 이번 연구에서 고학력일수록, 양돈업에 종사기간이 길수록 인수공통감염병 및 살모넬라증을 더 잘 인지한다고 밝혀진 것처럼, 교육 및 관련 정보에의 노출이 인지율을 높일 수 있는 가장 좋은 방법일 것이다. 돼지는 다양한 인수공통감염병의 주요한 병원소인 만큼, 향후 양돈 종사자들을 대상으로 인수공통감염병의 개념 및 감염경로를 포함하는 체계적인 교육과 정보제공이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.60-82
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• 1977

The purpose of this study is first, to analyse the present nursing education and the curriculum in Korea in view of the changes and the new tendency of nursing education and second, to compare our curriculum with that of America, where nursing activities are actively earring on and, third, to try to find out what we should reconsider and improve in our nursing education. The object of this study is the educational program and the curriculum from 1973 to 1976 by selecting each five from colleges and department of nursing in Korea and America. The results of the study were as fellows : . 1. The aim of nursing education puts impassion the role of leader, knowledge and technology of nursing, welfare of society and service of community in both the America and Korea. In Korea nursing is mainly restricted to the treatment of diseases, while in the America the items of the aim of nursing are mainly extended to the capacity for Self- realization of nurse, in Korea they are restricted to the treatment of diseases. 2. In Korea the rate of credit of the curriculum of nursing education is the highest in professional education, next in general education, next in supporting science and educational subject, while in America the rate of the credit is the highest in general education, next professional education and then supporting Science and educational subject isn′t included in the curriculum. 3. In both Korea and America the role of the animal credit allotment in general education, is the highest in the first year and the rate in supporting science is the highest in the second year. In Korea professional subjects are concentrated in the third year while in America there is a tendency that they are increasing in number in the grade order. 4. There is a tendency that the rate of the credit allotment of the main professional subjects in curriculum is higher in Korea than in America : that is, in Korea the rate of the allotment of the credit is the highest in medical - surgical nursing, next maternal - child nursing, next community - health nursing and the psychiatric nursing and there in a great difference in the rate of the allotment of each credit. While in America the rate of the allotment of the credit is the highest in community - health nursing, next in medical- surgical nursing, next in maternal - child nursing, and then in psychiatric nursing and there is little difference in the rate of tile allotment of each credit. 5. From general education, supporting science and professional education, they have considered the continuity and sequence in the structure of nursing curriculum of Korea and America. While in Korea we have partly made integration in tile content of the subjects. Most of the school in America, they have made integration in the content of subjects especially in all subjects, but in Korea we haven't made it in all subjects. 6. In the system and form of nursing education Problem solving method, Dialectical method and operational method are introduced in some America schools and in others there is a tendency that the whole nursing education has the system based on Preventive frame - work or Health -illness frame work ; while only one college has an attempt for Health - Illness continue in Korea. 7. In Korea nursing education, as the importance of health- nursing and team nursing, the aim which is also comparatively emphasized is about health management and service of collective community. The subject pertaining to the aim is the studies of community health nursing, which are more in number in America. 8. When we consider the association between the social, general aims ?f the nursing education and the formation of the curriculum in Korean nursing school the courses of study concerning "the role of leadership and cooperative personal relation": "nursing care for the group": dynamic nursing care": and "the system of the public health nursing associated with the understanding of the regional community" are insufficient as compared with those of America. Especially, the lack of the behavioral science including the nursing care connected with the care for the group, the basic science on the clinical and developmental psychology, anthropology in known to be a prominent issue.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.156-167
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• 1997

In Korea, based on the Revised Law of Occupational Safety and Health a new entity of institution was set up in 1990 to provide occupational health services to SSE in which three sorts of personnel as a team have to be involved. These institutions, in charge of scores to hundreds of workplace area-wide, have been providing occupational health services without payment from employers or employees, and government reimburses through the Occupational Injury Prevention Insurance since 1993. As a service provider, a team is composed of doctors, nurses and industrial hygienists. Undergraduate and postgraduate educations for the SSE occupational health are not specified and the question on the performance of the personnel has been raised. This study was designed to analyze the facilitating factors of and barriers to the performance and its improvement of these personnel. In 1997, the survey was conducted with all 58 institutions. Structured questionnaires were mailed to 200 personnel who were providing the occupational health service for SSE. The response rate was 51.7% for doctors, 58.6% for nurses, and 60.3% for industrial hygienist, respectively. Results are as follows : 1) There is a guideline for occupational service mandated by the government. Under the guideline, the minimum frequency of visiting workplace is assured with six times of doctors, 17 times for nurse and industrial hygienist in a year. There are one doctor for every 200 factories, one nurse and one hygienist for every 100 factories. 2) All respondents have basic qualification for occupational health service. About 16.7%. of doctors are certified in industrial medicine or preventive medicine, and 64.7% of industrial hygienists had first grade certification. Totally 66.7% of personnel have been involved in occupational health for more than one year. 3) As a support system for the performance improvement, 66.3% respond that they have been provided with educational materials, advice related to industrial environment and guidance of MSDS from Korea Industrial Safety Corporation. Most respondents indicate the lack of concern of employers and employees as a main barrier to the improvement of the service. Also they are in the need of the training opportunity more focused on SSE. The Governments policy for SSE is a principal facilitating factor. Training program focused on SSE situation, manpower, technical support, etc. are areas to be improved to have a better occupational health service for SSE in Korea.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-74
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• 1998

In the past most major accidents resulted in death, but today there is a dramatic increase in the number of people who survive such accidents but who are left with permanent injury. Particularly, children who are inquisitive about their surroundings but immature in their ability to assess danger, are more vulnerable to accidents and their causes as well as to determine attitudes towards prevention. The main objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of using an accident prevention manual for accident for accident prevention education. The study was a quasi-experimental study using a questionnaire format. The subjects of the study were 393 mothers of children attending six day care centers in Seoul. Data collection was done between May 1 and June 15, 1997. The tools used for the study were a questionnaire developed the researchers and a manual for accident prevention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Types of accidents included stabbing, bums, falls from heights, choking, falls on slippery surfaces, traffic accidents, drowning, poisoning, and electrical shock in that order of frequency. 2. The main causes of accidents in children were from cosmetics and household medications. 3. The most frequent locations of accidents in the home were the bathroom, kitchen, and stairways in that order. 4. For $90.4\%$ of children safety seats were not used when the ridding in a car. 5. In examining the parents' accident prevention practices, it was found that many parents used only . one electrical outlet for many appliances, tending to overload the electricity lines and that they were not practically concerned bout the flammability of children's pajamas, indicating a less than positive attitude towards fire prevention. 6. The parents had not provided their children with any instruction on accident prevention or on what to do after an accident had occurred. 7. After the use of pamphlet in an accident prevention education program, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the degree to which children carried out safety measures (t=14.96, p=.000) and in their safety habits (t=-1.67, p<.1) indicating an effectiveness in this method of education. The results of this study showed that there are many things in a child's environment that can cause accidents and that the possibility of an accident occurring is high. So nurses looking after children should be aware of the need for safety education to prevent accidents in the home and plan to provide appropriate educational material to help parents with this education.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Easy access to intervention and support for certain behaviors is important for obesity prevention and management. The available technology such as smartphone applications can be used for intervention regarding healthy food choices for obesity prevention and management in elementary-school students. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is comprised of stages and processes of change and can be adopted to tailored education for behavioral change. This study aims to develop TTM-based nutrition contents for mobile applications intended to change eating behaviors related to weight gain in young children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A synthesized algorithm for tailored nutrition messages was developed according to the intake status of six food groups (vegetables, fruits, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food and instant food, snacks, and late-night snacks), decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. The messages in this study were developed from December 2014 to April 2015. After the validity evaluation of the contents through expert consultation, tailored nutrition information messages and educational contents were developed based on the TTM. RESULTS: Based on the TTM, stages of subjects are determined by their current intake status, decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. Three versions of tailored nutrition messages at each TTM stage were developed so as to not send the same messages for three weeks at most, and visual materials such as figures and tables were developed to provide additional nutritional information. Finally, 3,276 tailored nutrition messages and 60 nutrition contents for applications were developed. CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone applications may be an innovative medium to deliver interventions for eating behavior changes directly to individuals with favorable cost-effectiveness. In addition, using the TTM for tailored nutrition education for healthy eating is an effective approach.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.543-554
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 제조업 남성 근로자들의 직무스트레스 요인과 피로수준과의 관련성을 조사하기 위함이다. 연구대상자는 50인 미만의 소규모 제조업 사업장에서 근무하고 있는 남성 근로자를 553명으로 하였다. 자료 수집은 2015년 4월에 한국인 직무스트레스 측정도구와 한국판 다차원피로척도를 사용한 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS ver 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상자의 피로증상은 직무스트레스가 정상인 군보다 고위험 스트레스군에서 유의하게 높았다. 또한 조사대상자의 피로증상은 직무스트레스와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 직무스트레스가 정상인 군에 비해 고위험 스트레스 군에서 고위험 피로군에 속할 위험비가 유의하게 증가하였다. 또한 피로수준에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 연령, 결혼상태, 교육수준 및 주관적 건강상태. 수면시간, 커피음용 횟수, 외래진료경험 유무, 직장생활 만족도 및 직무스트레스가 유의한 변수로 선정되었으며 이들의 설명력은 27.7%이었다. 위와 같은 연구결과는 소규모 제조업 남성 근로자들의 피로수준은 인구사회학적 특성, 건강관련행위 특성 및 직업관련 특성뿐만 아니라 직무스트레스 요인과도 유의한 관련성이 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 1997

저자들은 일반 청소년에 있어서 부모폭행의 빈도를 알아보고, 부모를 폭행하는 위험인자를 밝히기 위하여, 서울시내 중학생 1345명을 대상으로 자기 보고식 설문지를 이용한 조사를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 일반 청소년에서 아버지, 어머니에게 각각 욕설이나 폭언을 한적이 있는 경우는 7%, 10%；화가 나서 문을 쾅 닫거나 물건을 던진 적이 있는 경우는 40%, 45%；신체적으로 폭행한 적이 있는 경우는 2.8%, 2.3%；폭행하여 다치게 한적이 있는 경우는 2.3%, 1.2%；칼이나 흉기 등으로 위협한 적이 있는 경우는 0.7%, 0.4%였다. 2) 청소년의 부모 폭행과 연관성이 있는 요인은 과거 일생 동안의 폭력에의 노출(p=0.0001), 최근 1년간 가정내 폭력에의 노출(p=0.0002), 청소년 자신이 술, 담배, 약물남용의 문제가 있는 경우(p=0.0003), 부모가 음주와 관련되어 다툼이 있는 경우(p=0.0001)인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 청소년의 부모폭행이 드물지 않게 발생하는 문제임을 알 수 있었고, 청소년의 부모폭행이 가정내 폭력, 청소년의 물질남용, 부모의 음주와 관련되어 있어 이러한 문제를 가진 고위험군에 대한 예방적 개입이 필요함이 시사되었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.488-494
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• 2014

본 연구는 경상북도 일개 도 농 복합시의 보건소에서 실시하는 노인 불소도포, 스케일링사업에 참여한 65세 이상 노인을 282명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2011년 1월부터 12월까지로 연구의 목적과 내용 및 취지를 설명하고 자발적인 연구 참여에 동의한 사람들을 대상으로 하였다. OHIP-14 설문 문항은 5점 만점으로 측정하였으며, 점수가 높을수록 구강건강 삶의 질이 낮아지는 것을 의미하며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치아우식증 개수가 적을수록, 잔존치아 수와 일일 칫솔질 횟수가 많을수록, 의치를 장착하지 않은 그룹에서 구강건강 삶의 질이 유의하게 높았다. 2. 사회경제적 특성에 따른 구강건강관련 삶의 질의 하위영역 점수를 비교한 결과, 기능적 제한 점수는 학력이 높을수록 적었다. 신체적 동통 점수는 나이가 많을수록, 학력이 낮을수록 더 많이 느끼고 있었다. 신체적 능력저하는 학력이 낮을수록 더 많이 느끼고 있었다. 3. 구강건강상태와 칫솔질 횟수에 따른 구강건강관련 삶의 질의 하위영역 점수를 비교한 결과, 기능적 제한과 신체적 동통, 정신적 불편, 정신적 능력저하, 사회적 능력저하, 사회적 불리 점수는 치아우식증 개수가 많을수록 삶의 질이 낮았고, 잔존치아가 많을수록, 의치장착을 하지 않은 그룹에서 삶의 질이 좋았다. 4. 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위한 다중회귀분석 결과 충치의 개수와 의치장착이 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 이 연구결과 노인들의 구강건강상태의 수준과 노인들의 삶의 질이 유의한 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구강건강 삶의 질을 유지하기 위하여 나이가 들더라도 잔존치아 수를 많이 유지할 수 있도록 하고, 필요한 경우에는 의치를 장착할 수 있도록 지원하는 것이 중요하다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-145
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• 1999

The purposesof the study are to analyze the community nursing center in U.S.A and to develop the model of nursing care system based on nurse-midwifery clinic in community for women's health in Korea. 1. In America nursing center is defined as nurse-anchored system of primary care delivery or neighborhood health center. Nursing centers are identified the following four types: (1) community outreach centers, which are similar to traditional public health clinics: (2) institutional-based centers following the mission of a large institution, such as a hospital or university: (3) wellness/health promotion centers, which offer screening, education, counseling, triage, and health maintenance services: and (4) independent practice. Nursing centers are a concept of services provided by nurses in practice arrangements in a community. Nursing centers offer a variety of services, ranging from primary care provided by advanced practice nurses with medical acute management and nursing care to the more traditional education, health promotion, screening wellness and coordination services. Some services, such as the care provided by advanced practice nurses are reimbursed under various insurance plan in some instances and states, where as others, such as preventive and educational services, are not. Thus, lack of reimbursement has threatened the survival of some centers. Licensing of nursing centers varies by state and program and accreditation of nursing centers is also limited. 52% of centers are affiliated with another facility and 48% are freestanding centers. The number of registered nurse at the nursing centers ranges from just one to 115, with a mean of eight RNs peragency and a median of three. Nursing centers avail ability varies: 14% are open 24 hours, 27% have variable short hours, 23% are open 6-7 days per week, and 36% are open Monday- Friday. As the result of my visiting three health centers in Seattle and San Francisco, the women's primary care nurse practitioners focus on a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the health status of women and diagnosis and management of common physical and psychosocial health concerns of women in ambulatory settings. Therapeutic nursing strategies are directed toward self-care, risk reoduction, health surveillance, stress reduction, healthy nutrition, social support, healthy coping, psychological well-being, and pharmacological therapy. They function as primary care providers for the well ness and illness care of women from adolescence through the older adult years and pregnant families. 2. In Korea a nurse-midwife practices independently for pregnant women's health including childbearing family at her own clinic in community. Her services are reimbursed under national health insurance but they are not paid on a fee-for-service schedule covering items. Analyzing the nursing centers in America, I suggest that nurse-midwifery clinics offer primary care for women and home care for chronic ill patients. The health law and health insurance policy should be reovised in order to expand nurse-midwife's and home care nurse's roles at nurse-midwifery clinic.