• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.4 s.59
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

Wrinkle formation is mainly attributed to the environmental factors such as UV rays, air pollution, smoking and stress etc. Especially, UV rays induce premature skin aging which is characterized by deep wrinkle, leathery dryness etc. Recently, researches on the wrinkle formation and its prevention have been the main theme in cosmetics fields. We have studied the various plant extracts having anti-wrinkle effects and finally showed that Noni (Morinda citrifolia) extracts have the efficacy of promoting the type I collagen synthesis in normal human fibroblast, using PICP assay. We purified one active compound from Noni extracts and identified its structure. It was identified as 6,7-Dimethoxy-2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one; scopoletin by $^1H-NMR,\;^{13}C-NMR,$ IR, Mass analysis. Scopoletin increased collagen synthesis in a dose dependent manner (89.5% at $0.2{\mu}g/mL$). In order to verify the anti-aging effectiveness of the cream containing 3% noni extracsts, we performed the in vivo test with some female volunteers for 12 weeks. It reduced the signs of aging, especially face wrinkles. From these results, we conclude that the noni extracts could be used as an useful anti-wrinkle agent.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2013

This study conducted questionnaire survey with 268 workers in Ulsan city to examine influencing factors about Oral behavior and Missing teeth of some workers. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 program. The analysis results are as follows. 1. Oral health awareness was highest in thirties (p<0.01). For oral health sensitivity, female was higher than male (p<0.01). The lower the age was (p<0.05) and the higher the academic background was, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01). 2. The lower the age was (p<0.001) and the higher the academic background was, the number of daily tooth brushing was more (p<0.001) and there was statistically significant difference. 3. The more the number of daily tooth brushing was, portion of Missing teeth was low (p<0.01). When oral hygiene devices such as interdental brush, dental floss etc. were used, portion of Missing teeth was low (p<0.01). When dental visit for prevention was made, portion of Missing teeth was low (p<0.05). In case of periodontal disease, portion of Missing teeth was high so that there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01). 4. There was positive relationship according to oral health awareness and oral health sensitivity, oral health status. The oral health status and Missing teeth had a negative effect relationship. Relationship between number of Tooth brushing and Missing teeth showed negative one. In summary, oral health education is needed to increase the motivation of industrial workers to control their basic dental disease.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.245-256
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• 2015

In this study, to provide the implications of dental health care training direction in the future after researching the effect on the use of dental hygiene devices, data were collected from 320 patients who visited dental clinics located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do for about 6 months between December 2013 and May 2014. Among them, the following results were obtained by analyzing 299 copies accounting for 93.4% of the collected data after excluding 21 copies lacking in answer. It was shown that education about dental hygiene devices had statistically significant effects on the dependent variables, perception of dental hygiene devices (p<0.001). Based upon the results above, it is considered that for the sake of prevention of oral diseases, more opportunities to learn correct knowledge and usage of suitable dental hygiene devices for individual oral conditions should be provided for patients, and active patient education as well as the development, implementation and publicity of systematic and popular oral health education programs will contribute to improved oral health.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.319-327
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• 2016

This research attempts an analysis that fuses the big data concerning weather variation and health care from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014; it gives the weather factor as to what kind of influence there is for the incidence of food poisoning, and also endeavors to be helpful regarding national health prevention. By using R, the Logistic and Lasso Logistic Regression were analyzed. The main factor germ generating the food poisoning was classified and the incidence was confirmed for the germ of bacteria and virus. According to the result of the analysis of Logistic Regression, we found that the incidence of bacterial food poisoning was affected by the following influences: the average temperature, amount of sunshine deviation, and deviation of temperature. Furthermore, the weather factors, having an effect on the incidence of viral food poisoning, were: the minimum vapor pressure, amount of sunshine deviation and deviation of temperature. This study confirmed the correlation of meteorological factors and incidence of food poisoning. It was also found out that even if the incidence from two causes were influenced by the same weather factor, the incidence might be oppositely affected by the characteristic of the germs.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.776-784
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• 2014

Korean dishes, Hansik are characterized by healthful vegetable intake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of commonly consumed vegetables by Koreans on obesity/metabolic disease-related inflammation. Through statistical analysis of the KNHANES database ($1^{st}$ 1998, $5^{th}$ 2010, 2011) and a literature review, we selected vegetables for study. Among the vegetables, main or sub ingredients of Kimchi were excluded. Samples were prepared using only edible portions and freeze-dried. After grinding, samples were extracted with ethanol, evaporated and finally lyophilized. The cytotoxicity of samples was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, at various concentrations that do not affect cell viability. Raw 264.7 macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 11 kinds of samples or positive control (troglitazone) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). After 24 hours, nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production were determined. Excepts for young pumpkin and bracken, nine samples effectively reduced NO production compared with control treated with LPS and DMSO. NO levels of five samples (bean sprouts, leeks, eggplant, mugwort, and pumpkin) were similar to that of the positive control. These five samples showed significantly decreased TNF-${\alpha}$ or MCP-1 compared to the control group. Our results suggest that consumption of commonly consumed vegetables contributes to partial prevention of obesity and related metabolic syndrome through reduction of NO, TNF-${\alpha}$, and MCP-1 production.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.794-799
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• 2015

In recent years, there has been a global trend toward the importance of natural extracts for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. ${\beta}$-glucan is known to have anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer, and improvement of immune system. Polycan is purified ${\beta}$-glucan from Aureobasidum pullulans SM-2001. The anti-cancer effects of ${\beta}$-gluconsan calcium, polycan and calcium gluconate complex, were evaluated in human oral cancer YD-10B cells. YD-10B cells were cultured in the presence of 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1 mg/ml ${\beta}$-gluconsan calcium for 48 hours. MTT assay, cell counting, and observation of cell morphology were conducted. The number of cells decreased and cell morphology changed in the 0.5 mg/ml of ${\beta}$-gluconsan calcium. Almost all cells were dead in the 0.75 and 1 mg/ml. MTT assay showed a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation (p<0.05). These results indicate that ${\beta}$-gluconsan calcium exhibiting anti-cancer effects in YD-10B cells through changes in cell morphology and cell death.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.425-430
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidative capacity of oregano extracts. Amount of oregano extract at which DPPH radical scavenging activity was inhibited by 50% was $21.8{\mu}g$ as compared to 100% by pyrogallol as a reference. Total antioxidant status was examined by total antioxidant capacity against potent free radical reactions. Total antioxidant capacities of oregano extract at the amounts of 7.5 and $15{\mu}g$ were 15.1 and 31.4 nmol Trolox equivalents, respectively. Oxygen radical absorbance capacities of oregano extract at the amounts of 0.2 and $0.4{\mu}g$ were 1.4 and 2.4 nmol gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Total phenolic contents of oregano extract at the amounts of 30 and $75{\mu}g$ were 40.5 and 83.9 nmol gallic acid equivalents, respectively. The inhibitory effect of oregano extract on lipid peroxidation was examined using rat liver mitochondria induced by $FeSO_4$/ascorbic acid. Oregano extracts at the amounts of 20 and $50{\mu}g$ decreased TBARS level by 20 and 64%, respectively. Thus strong antioxidant effects of oregano extract seem to be due to, at least in part, the prevention against free radicals-induced oxidation, followed by inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 1999

In order to eludidate the mechanism of oxidative stress in cultured spinal motor neurons damaged by oxygen free radicals, cytoxicity was assesed by MTT assay and NR assay after spinal motor neurons from mouse were cultured in media containing various concentrations of xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX) for 3 hours. In addition, neuroprotective effects of several herb extracts on oxidant-induced neurotoxicity were examined in these cultures, compared with nerve growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF). XO/HX decreased cell viability in dose- and time dependent manners on cultured mouse spinal motor neurons, and MTT50 and NR50 values were measured at 20mU/ml XO and 0.1mM HX for 3 hours in these cultures. bFGF significantlt increased cell viability. In neuroprotective of herb extracts, Epimedium Koreanum Nakai(EK) and Alpinia oxphylla Mig(IJI) was very effective in the prevention of the neurotoxicity induced by XO/HX in cultured mouse spinal motor neurons. From the above results, it is suggested that XO/HX shows toxic effect in cultured mouse spinal motor neurons and selective herb extracts such as Epimedium Koreanum Nakai(EK) and Alpinia oxphylla Mig(IJI) were very effective in the increase of cell viability against the neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals in these cultures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.205-215
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• 2010

The purposed of this study was to examine the relation between dental hygienists' treatment posture and body pain by surveying 120 dental hygienists working at dental hospitals and clinics in Busan and to suggest desirable treatment postures and pain prevention methods for dental hygienists' health and job performance. Data obtained from the questionnaire survey were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The taller the hygienists were the less pains they had in their 'back' and 'hips' (p<0.05). The shorter the hygienists were the more pains they had in their 'back,' 'waist,' 'hips,' 'legs' and 'ankles/feet'(p<0.05). There was no difference in pains in each body part according to weight. In the results of analyzing correlations among pains in different body parts, a very strong positive correlation was observed between the pains in the 'knees' and 'legs' (r=0.71)(p<0.01). The hygienists of 56.7% had experience in education on treatment posture, and 62.5% were not doing exercise regularly. To the question on what should be done for health welfare in their workplace, the hygienists of 47.9% mentioned improvement in the environment of the workplace.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.213-219
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• 1993

The use of buprenorphine by epidural route in the prevention of postoperative pain has been controversial. High lipid solubility of buprenorphine caused the same parenteral/epidural analgesic dose ratio, and the analgesic effect of epidural buprenorphine possibly due to systemic absorption, which revealed no advantages of epidural administration against parenteral injection. On the contrary, epidural buprenorphine had longer duration of action and fewer side effects than parenteral buprenorphine, which advocated the epidural use of buprenorphine. We studied the efficacy of epidural buprenorphine by comparing epidural buprenorphine with epidural morphine in terms of latency and the duration of analgesic action, and the incidence of side effects. 0.15mg and 0.3mg of epidural buprenorphine had shorter latency than 2mg of morphine. 0.3 mg of buprenorphine had longer duration of action than 4 mg of morphine. The incidence of nausea and vomiting were slightely higher in buprenorphine group than in morphine group. Voiding difficulty and pruritus were little in buprenorphine group, while the incidence of somnolence was markedly higher in buprenorphine group. Form our results we conclude that epidural buprenorphine may be useful in the treatment of postoperative pain, and but recognize both advantages and disadvantages as compared epidural morphine.