• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2004

설계VE 활동작업 중 대상의 기능을 철저하게 분석할 수 있는 기능분석 활동은 그 중요성에도 불구하고 수행자의 인식부족, 분석방법에 대한 어려움 및 설계VE 활동 시간적 제약 등의 이유로 활동 자체가 약화, 변형되거나, 생략되는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 이와 같이 기능분석이 변형된 VE활동은 아이디어 창출과정에 있어서 기능부분이 약화된채 아이디어의 결과를 창출함으로 신뢰성이 매우 떨어진다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 현재 시행되어진 설계VE작업중 기능분석활동 부분을 분석하여 이를 활동유형별로 분류, 그 특징을 파악한다. 이를 통해 기능분석 활동에 대한 올바른 이해를 확립하고, 기능분석 활동의 개선부분을 도출하여 올바른 설계VE 활동을 유도하고자 한다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2004

웹 기반 정보 시스템의 데이타 구조 및 프리젠테이션 로직으로부터 비즈니스 프로세스 정보를 분리하는 것은 여러 가지 이점을 가져온다. 그러나 웹 애플리케이션에서 비즈니스 프로세스 로직과 프리젠테이션 로직을 분리하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 심지어는 프리젠테이션 로직으로부터 데이타가 분리되지 않는 경우도 있다. 그러므로 비즈니스 프로세스에 대한 추상적인 모델을 정의하고, 프로세스 로직, 데이타 구조 및 프리젠테이션 로직을 분리하는 전략을 이용하여 그것을 동적인 사용자 인터페이스에 매핑 시키는 작업이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 데이타 구조 및 프리젠테이션 로직으로부터 비즈니스 프로세스 정보를 분리하고자 XSLT(Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations)를 확장하여 프로세스를 인식하는 스타일 쉬트를 제안한다. 이를 위하여 비즈니스 프로세스의 추상적인 명세를 제공하고, 비즈니스 모델을 프로세스 관점에서 살펴보고자 페트리네트 표기법을 이용하여 비즈니스 모델 요소 및 상호작용 활동을 추출한다. 이것은 웹 애플리케이션의 프로세스 구조로부터 상호작용 웹 문서의 동적인 부분, 즉 비즈니스 프로세스에서 사용자와 상호 작용하는 부분을 분리하기 위한 시도이다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 아키텍처의 핵심은 XSLT 컨트롤러로서 이것은 워크플로 엔진과 웹 브라우저간의 인터페이스 역할을 한다. XSLT 컨트롤러는 XSLT 템플릿을 활성화시키는 인터프리터로서 프로세스 상태를 프리젠테이션 레이어에 매핑 시킨다. 이렇게 각 부분을 모듈화 하는 것은 사용자 인터페이스를 변경하여도 프로세스나 데이타의 논리적인 표현에 영향을 미치지 않도록 하며, 레이아웃 변형 명세서와 독립적으로 프로세스 로직을 변경할 수 있도록 한다. 즉, 웹 애플리케이션을 독립적인 방법으로 개발할 수 있어 개발을 보다 용이하게 하고 유지보수가 용이해진다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7863-7867
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• 2014

Background: Retinoblastoma is a rare type of cancer that usually develops in early childhood. If left untreated it can cause blindness and even death. The aim of this study is to determine sociodemographic and clinical features of retinoblastoma patients and also to determine the treatment pattern and outcome in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: Data for this study were retrieved from the Retinoblastoma Registry of the National Eye Database (NED) in Malaysia. Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Hospital Umum Kuching, Sarawak and Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kota Kinabalu were the major source data providers for this study. Data collected in the registry cover demography, clinical presentation, modes of treatment, outcomes and complications. Results: The study group consisted of 119 patients (162 eyes) diagnosed with retinoblastoma between 2004 and 2012. There were 68 male (57.1%) and 51 (42.9%) female. The median age at presentation was 22 months. A majority of patients were Malays (54.6%), followed by Chinese (18, 5%), Indians (8.4%), and indigenous races (15.9%). Seventy six (63.8%) patients had unilateral involvement whereas 43 patients had bilateral disease (36.1%). It was found that most children presented with leukocoria (110 patients), followed by strabismus (19), and protopsis (12). Among the 76 with unilateral involvement (76 eyes), enucleation was performed for a majority (79%). More than half of these patients had extraocular extension. Of the 40 who received chemotherapy, 95% were given drugs systemically. Furthermore, in 43 patients with bilateral involvement (86 eyes), 35 (41%) eyes were enucleated and 17 (49%) showed extraocular extension. Seventy-two percent of these patients received systemic chemotherapy. The patients were followed up 1 year after diagnosis, whereby 66 were found to be alive and 4 dead. Sixteen patients defaulted treatment and were lost to follow-up, whereas follow-up data were not available in 33 patients. Conclusions: Patients with retinoblastoma in this middle-income Asian setting are presenting at late stages. As a result, a high proportion of patients warrant aggressive management such as enucleation. We also showed that a high number of patients default follow-up. Therefore, reduction in refusal or delay to initial treatment, and follow-up should be emphasized in order to improve the survival rates of retinoblastoma in this part of the world.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 사이버 대학 일반 교과목 토론식 수업의 온라인 토론과정에서 학습자들의 논제유형에 따른 참여적 차원과 상호작용 차원을 양적 질적으로 분석하고 그 효과성을 탐색하여 활성화 방안을 제안하는 데에 있다. 이를 위하여 온라인 토론방의 메시지 수와 양상을 양적으로 분석하였고 사후 설문을 추가로 진행하여 토론의 상호작용 요소들과 효과에 대한 인식을 살펴보았다. 제시된 두 논제유형은 의견제시형 논제와 목표 제시형 논제였다. 각 논제에의 참여적 차원을 살펴본 결과, 선행 연구와는 달리 의견제시형 논제 참여도가 높았다. 그 이유를 설문으로 탐색하였고 그 결과를 토대로 교수자가 온라인 토론의 논제를 제시할 때 참여자들의 성향을 참고하여야 함을 제안하였다. 또한 사후 설문을 통하여 상호작용에 대한 보다 심화된 결과들을 제시하였다. 설문에서 학습자들은 교수자의 강의와 강의자료 의존도가 매우 높은 것을 보여주었고 토론을 준비하면서 다양한 자료들과 상호작용하고 있음을 보여주었다. 이외에도 토론은 학습자들의 논증적 사고, 글쓰기, 해당 교과목 지식의 습득과 심화에도 도움을 주는 요소라는 인식을 나타냈다. 이를 바탕으로 본고는 교수자의 교육적 역할을 강조하고, 원격교육의 시대에 온라인 토론의 교육적 효과가 각 교과목마다 활성화되기를 제안하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.187-205
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• 2020

In this article, we prove coincidence point theorems for comparable 𝜓-contractive mappings in ordered non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces utilizing the recently established concept of 𝓣-comparability and relatively weaker order theoretic variants. With a view to show the usefulness and applicability of this work, we solve the system of ordered Fredholm integral equations as an application. In the process, this presentation generalize and improve some prominent recent results obtained in Mihet [Fuzzy Sets Syst., 159 (6), 739-744, (2008)], Altun and Mihet [ Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2010, 782680, (2010)], Alam and Imdad [Fixed Point Theory, 18(2), 415-432, (2017)] and several others in the settings of partially ordered non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.215-223
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• 1993

A paired comparison which is a method of comparative judgements is widely used to increase the amount of information transmitted to human sense organ. In this study, a paired comparison method is proposed for the discrimination capacity and preference analysis of non-skilled sensory inspectors. We consider on order effect, that is, difference of evaluation occurred as a result of sample presentation by random order. The purpose of this paper is to determine a sample with the highest preference degrees by analyzing a discrimination capacity and evaluating preference degrees of sensory inspectors. An analysis of a discrimination capacity is bared on the capacity index obtained by an eigen-vector method and an evaluation of preference degrees is performed by a significance test.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.817-825
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• 2003

The amount of damage suffered from the red tide occurring at the near shore is increasing rapidly. The Windows visual system discussed in this paper is developed in order to help minimize the damage. The system is focused on the monitoring the coastal environment. and forecasting the red tide occurrence. Although several similar systems are now existing. most of them are based on the web application. which cause the large response time. limited presentation ability of data. and inability of data storing at client side. The Windows visual system described in this paper operates on the Internet to get the ubiquitous access. One of three components of the Windows visual system. client system is developed as a Windows application in order to overcome the weak points of the previous systems. The gathering. analysis, and monitoring of data can be done at real time using the Windows visual system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is the presentation of the appropriate element and shape function in the solution of the neutron diffusion equation in two-dimensional (2D) geometries. To this end, the multigroup neutron diffusion equation is solved using the Galerkin finite element method in both rectangular and hexagonal reactor cores. The spatial discretization of the equation is performed using unstructured triangular and quadrilateral finite elements. Calculations are performed using both linear and quadratic approximations of shape function in the Galerkin finite element method, based on which results are compared. Using the power iteration method, the neutron flux distributions with the corresponding eigenvalue are obtained. The results are then validated against the valid results for IAEA-2D and BIBLIS-2D benchmark problems. To investigate the dependency of the results to the type and number of the elements, and shape function order, a sensitivity analysis of the calculations to the mentioned parameters is performed. It is shown that the triangular elements and second order of the shape function in each element give the best results in comparison to the other states.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.59.1-59.1
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• 2021

The Korean spacecraft for the exploration of Apophis will be equipped with an optical navigation camera with a wide-angle lens. The major purpose of the wide-angle camera is to capture imagery during the rendezvous phase in order to determine the spacecraft's position and the pointing direction relative to the asteroid Apophis. Two potential sciences, however, can be achieved by the wide-angle camera: (1) to measure the high-order gravity terms, and (2) to capture possible ejecting small particles. In this presentation, we will discuss instrument specification and operation scenario required to accomplish the given science objectives.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.657-670
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• 2020

In this paper, vibration analysis of functionally graded nanoshell is studied based on the sinusoidal higher-order shear and normal deformation theory to account thickness stretching effect. To account size-dependency, Eringen nonlocal elasticity theory is used. For more accurate modeling the problem and corresponding numerical results, sinusoidal higher-order shear and normal deformation theory including out of plane normal strain is employed in this paper. The radial displacement is decomposed into three terms to show variation along the thickness direction. Governing differential equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principle. It is assumed that the cylindrical shell is made of an arbitrary composition of metal and ceramic in which the local material properties are measured based on power law distribution. To justify trueness and necessity of this work, a comprehensive comparison with some lower order and lower dimension works and also some 3D works is presented. After presentation of comparative study, full numerical results are presented in terms of significant parameters of the problem such as small scale parameter, length to radius ratio, thickness to radius ratio, and number of modes.