• BMB Reports
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.477-483
• /
• 1995

The recombinant human interferon alpha 2a ($rhIFN-{\alpha}2a$), expressed in Saccharomyces cerevtsiae, was purified from insoluble aggregates. The inclusion body of $rhIFN-{\alpha}$ was solubilized by guanidine salt in the presence of disulfide reducing agent. The refolding of denatured $rhIFN-{\alpha}2a$ was achieved by simple dilution. The authentic interferon alpha, which has two correctly matched disulfide bonds, was seperated from incompletely oxidized $IFN-{\alpha}$ and dimeric $IFN-{\alpha}$ by use of a CM-Sepharose column, followed by size exclusion columns at two different pH conditions. The purified protein has been subjected to detailed physicochemical characterization including sequence determination. Unlike other $rhIFN-{\alpha}2a$ from E. coli reported, the $rhIFN-{\alpha}2a$ from S. cerevisiae has no methionine residue at its N-terminus originating from the start codon, ATG. The pI of the protein was determined to be 6.05 with a single band in the pI gel, which demonstrated that the purified $rhIFN-{\alpha}$ was homogeneous. The structural study using circular dichroism showed that the protein retains its three dimensional structure in the wide range of pH conditions between pH 3 and 9, and only minor strucural deformation was observed at pH 1.0.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was investigate the dyeing property on chitosan crosslinked cotton fabric with cochineal at variable conditions. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics were manufactured by crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics dyed using cochineal were post-mordanted using Al, Fe and Cu. The dyeability(K/S) of chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics were measured by computer color matching. Additionally the fastness to washing and light were also investigated. The dye-uptake of chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics increased with the dyeing time. The saturated dyeing time was about 20minutes at $60^{\circ}C$. The dyeability(K/S) was remarkably increased with increasing content of crosslinked chitosan because of having a amine group of chitosan. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics were dyed yellowish red by non and Fe mordanting, blueish red by Al and Cu mordanting, respectively. The washing and light fastness were increased by mordanting, especially Cu and Fe mordanting.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.377-384
• /
• 2008

For the purpose of standardization and practicability of natural dyeing, the mordanting and dyeing properties of gallnut was studied. In this study, the colorants of gallnut were extracted with boiling water. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics were been dyed with aqueous extract of gallnut and their dyeabilities on the fabrics were studied. Additionally, the fastness to washing and light were also investigated. Cotton fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan to provide the cotton fabrics the dyeing properties of natural dye(gallnut) by the chemical linking of chitosan to the cellulose structure. The chitosan finishing and durable press finishing of the cotton fabrics carried out simultaneously in the mercerization bath. The dyeability(K/S), which was obtained by CCM observation, remarkably increased as the concentration of chitosan was high. Dye ability of gallnut showed higher toward chitosan treated cotton than controlled cotton fabric under condition at $60^{\circ}C$, for 20 min. The hue value indicated reddish yellow with increasing the crosslinked chitosan concentration. And the color fastness to washing and light was the almost the same.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.309-321
• /
• 2013

High AA new high capacity sorbent for preconcentration and determination of nickel in environmental samples was synthesized. The sorbent was synthesized by copolymerization of allyl glaycidyl ether / imminodiacetic acid with N,N-dimethylacrylamide as functional monomers in the presence of N,N-bismethylenacryl amid as cross linker and characterized by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. A recovery of 93.6% was obtained for the metal ion with 0.1 M, sulfuric acid as the eluting agent. The sorption capacity of the functionalized sorbent was 55.9 $mgg^{-1}$. The equilibrium sorption data of Ni(II) on polymeric sorbent were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich.Peterson models. Based on equilibrium adsorption data the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin constants were determined 0.87 (L mg-1), 25.87 ($mgg^{-1}$) $(Lmg^{-1})^{1/n}$ and 171.4 ($Jmol^{-1}$) respectively at pH 4.5 and $20^{\circ}C$.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 2019

Polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) were synthesized using trans-1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (1,4-H₆XDI), poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol, 1,4-butanediol (BD), and 1,1,1-trimethylol propane (TMP). To control the molecular aggregation state and mechanical properties of these PUEs, hard segment contents of 20 and 30 wt% and BD/TMP ratios of 10/0 and 8/2 were chosen. Differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray scattering measurements revealed that the degree of microphase separation increased with an increase in both hard segment content and BD ratio. The Young's modulus and strain at break of the 1,4-H₆XDI-based PUE were 6-20 MPa and 5-15, respectively. Incorporation of 20% TMP as a cross-linking agent into BD increased the melting temperature of the hard segment chains, that is, heat resistance, and decreased the Young's modulus. This could be due to the low density of the physical cross-linking network and the dispersion of hard segment chains in the soft segment matrix in the PUE in the presence of 20% TMP.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.849-852
• /
• 2009

The work describes EPR and 17O NMR measurements followed by theoretical calculation of the rotational correlation time $({\tau}_R)$, the water residence time $({\tau}_m)$, and the longitudinal electronic spin relaxation time $(T_{le})$(T_1e) for two new gadolinium complexes 1 and 2 of the type [$Gd(L)(H_2O)$] (L = tranexamic esters) in order to investigate their efficiency as a paramagnetic contrast agent (PCA). Of three correlation times, τR plays a major and predominant role to the unusually high relaxivity of 1 and 2 as compared with that of clinically approved MR CAs such as [$Gd(DTPA)(H_2O)]2‐ (Magnevist${\circledR}$), [Gd(DTPA-BMA)(H2O)] (Omniscan${\circledR}$), and $[Gd(DOTA)(H_2O)]^-$ (Dotarem${\circledR}$). The presence of bulky tranexamic ester in the ligand seems to be responsible for the conformational rigidity, which in turn causes such great an increase in ${\tau}_R$.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.219-229
• /
• 2008

A pH sensitive ternary copolymer gel was synthesized in the presence of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent through radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VA), acrylic acid (AA) and methyl acrylate(MA) with a weight ratio of 1 : 1.3 : 1. A number of experiments were carried out to determine the swelling behavior of the gel under a variety of pH conditions of the swelling medium. As the pH of the swelling medium was changed from 1.0 to 8.0 at $37^{\circ}C$, the gel showed a shift in the pH-dependent swelling behavior from Fickian (n=0.3447) to non-Fickian (n=0.9125). The resulting swelling parameters were analyzed using graphical and statistical methods. The results showed that the swelling of the gel was controlled by the pH of the medium, i.e. $n=n_o{\exp}(S_{C}pH)$, where n is the diffusion exponent, $n_o(=28.9645{\times}10^{-2})$ is the pre-exponential factor and $S_C$(=0.1417) is pH sensitivity coefficient. The swelling behavior of the gel was also examined in aliphatic alcohols. The results showed that the rate of swelling increased with increasing number of carbon atoms in the alcoholic molecular chain.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.29 no.11
• /
• pp.984-989
• /
• 2006

1-Furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propenone (FPP-3) has been characterized to have an anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$. In the present studies, the phase 1 metabolism of FPP-3 was investigated in rat liver microsomes and cytosols. When FPP-3 was incubated with rat liver microsomes and cytosols in the presence of NADPH. 2 major peaks were detected on a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Two metabolites (i.e., M1 and M2) were characterized as reduced forms on propenone: M1 (1-furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-one) was the initial metabolite and M2 (1-furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-ol) was a secondary alcohol believed to be formed from M1.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1993

A procedure for the high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of Nebramycin factors in fermentation broth of Streptoalloteichus hindustanus ATCC 31218 mutant was investigated using pre-column derivatization and LTV detection. The method is based on pre-column derivatization of Nebramycin factors with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB) in the presence of Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminoethane. The chromatographic separation of derivatives of Nebramycin factors and unknown impurities is achieved using reversed-phase column (NOVA-PAK $C_{18}$, Waters Co.) and AcCN : H$_{2}$O : AcOH (53.0:46.5:0.5) as a mobile phase. The mixture of these derivatives were separated within 35 minutes and the optimum wavelength($\lambda_{max}$ ) of the UV detector was 353 nm. The linearity of response for derivatives of Nebramycin factors is demonstrated for concentrations up to 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and the relative standard deviation is less than 0.79%. Detection limit was 1.67 ng for the 10 $\mu\textrm{l}$ sample volume employed.

• Korean Journal of Korean Medical Institute of Dermatology and Aesthetics
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Fructus Forsythiae on the melanogenesis. To determine whether Fructus Forsythiae methanol extract suppress melanin synthesis in cellular level, HM3KO human melanoma cells were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of Fructus Forsythiae methanol extract and the effects on cell proliferation, tyrosinase activity and melanin contents were examined. Treatment with Fructus Forsythiae methanol extract inhibited tyrosinase activity, regulate melanin biosynthesis as the key enzyme in melanogenesis, in a dose-dependent manner. And also suppressed melanin contents as a dose dependent manner without cytotoxicity morphological change. It was observed that the color of cell pellets was totally different from the control. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Fructus Forsythiae methanol extract on melanogenesis is due to the suppression of tyrosinase in HM3KO cells and Fructus Forsythiae is a candidate for an efficient whitening agent.