• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1982

Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf and Rg1 were effectively isolated from ginseng root by preparative liquid chromatography (LC) on two PrepPAK-500/c18 cartridges in series and semipreparative LC on a .mu. Bondapak cabohydrate analysis column, a .mu.Bondapak C18 column or a .mu. Porasil column. The identities of the isolated ginsenosides were confirmed by analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and infrared spectrophotometry. By this method large scale isolation of pure ginsenosides was efficiently accomplished.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2019

Background: Ginsenosides with less sugar moieties may exhibit the better adsorptive capacity and more pharmacological activities. Methods: An efficient method for the separation of four minor saponins, including gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, from Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) was established using biotransformation, macroporous resins, and subsequent preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The dried PNL powder was immersed in the distilled water at $50^{\circ}C$ for 30 min for converting the major saponins, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rb3, to minor saponins, gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, respectively, by the enzymes present in PNL. The adsorption characteristics of these minor saponins on five types of macroporous resins, D-101, DA-201, DM-301, X-5, and S-8, were evaluated and compared. Among them, D-101 was selected due to the best adsorption and desorption properties. Under the optimized conditions, the fraction containing the four target saponins was separated by D-101 resin. Subsequently, the target minor saponins were individually separated and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography with a reversed-phase column. Conclusion: Our study provides a simple and efficient method for the preparation of these four minor saponins from PNL, which will be potential for industrial applications.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.288-292
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• 2018

High-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) coupled with reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed to isolate dihydrophaseic acid 3'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (DHPAG) from the extract of Nelumbo nucifera seeds. Enriched DHPAG sample (2.3 g) was separated by HPCCC using ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water system (6:4:10, v/v/v, normal-phase mode, flow rate: 4.0 mL/min) to give 23.1 mg of DHPAG with purity of 88.7%. Further preparative RP-HPLC experiment gave pure DHPAG (16.3 mg, purity > 98%). The current study demonstrates that utilization of CCC method maximizes the isolation efficiency compared with that of solid-based conventional column chromatography.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 2018

This study investigated the transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a free-water surface flow constructed wetland. Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) coupled with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) was used to analyze the compositions of biopolymers (polysaccharides, amino sugars, proteins, polyhydroxy aromatics, lipids and lignin) in DOM according to the molecular size at three sampling points of the water flow: inflow, midflow, and outflow. The prep-HPLC results verified the decomposition of DOM through the decrease in the number of peaks from three to one in the chromatograms of the sampling points. The Py-GC/MS results for the degradable peaks indicated that biopolymers relating to polysaccharides and proteins gradually biodegraded with the water flow. On the other hand, the recalcitrant organic fraction (the remaining peak) in the outflow showed a relatively high concentration of aromatic compounds. Therefore, the ecological processes in the constructed wetland caused DOM to become more aromatic and homogeneous. This indicated that the constructed wetland can be an effective buffer area for releasing biochemically stable DOM, which has less influence on biological water quality indicators, e.g., biochemical oxygen demand, into an aquatic ecosystem.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 1980

Relatively large quantity of the major components of saponin, $ginsenoside-Rb_1,\;-Rb_2,\;-Rc,\;-Rd,\;-Re\;and\;-Rg_1$ from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were isolated using preparative and semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography, and analyzed by analytical HPLC. The application of HPLC for isolation of ginsenosides was not only very effective for rapid analysis but also reduced the isolation time. The isolation capacity of pure ginsenosides was $30{\sim}50mg/hr$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.272-275
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• 1987

Two polyacetylene compounds having diyn-ene chromophore were isolated from fresh Korean ginseng roots through solvent fractionation, partition and silica gel column chromatography. The low pressure semi-preparative liquid chromatography and high performance preparative liquid chromatography were used for final separation of polyacetylenic fractions. The chemical structures of these polyacetylenes were determined to be heptadeca-1,8-dien-4,6-diyn-3,10-diol and heptadeca-1,4-dien-6,8-diyn-3,10-diol by UV, FT-IR, $^1H\;NMR,\;^{13}C\;NMR,$ mass spectra and elemental analysis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2015

The root of Panax ginseng, is a Korea traditional medicine, which is used in both raw and processed forms due to their different pharmacological activities. As part of a continued chemical investigation of ginseng, the focus of this research is on the isolation and identification of compounds from Panax ginseng root by open column chromatography, medium pressure liquid chromatography, semi-preparative-high performance liquid chromatography, Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Panax ginseng root by open column chromatography, medium pressure liquid chromatography, and semi-preparative-high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified as protopanaxadiol ginsenosides [gypenoside-V (1), ginsenosides-Rb1 (2), -Rb2 (3), -Rb3 (4), -Rc (5), and -Rd (6)], protopanaxatriol ginsenosides [20(S)-notoginsenoside-R2 (7), notoginsenoside-Rt (8), 20(S)-O-glucoginsenoside-Rf (9), 6-O-[$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1$\rightarrow$2-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-$3\beta$,$12\beta$, 20(S)-dihydroxy-dammar-25-en-24-one (10), majoroside-F6 (11), pseudoginsenoside-Rt3 (12), ginsenosides-Re (13), -Re5 (14), -Rf (15), -Rg1 (16), -Rg2 (17), and -Rh1 (18), and vinaginsenoside-R15 (19)], and oleanene ginsenosides [calenduloside-B (20) and ginsenoside-Ro (21)] through the interpretation of spectroscopic analysis. The configuration of the sugar linkages in each saponin was established on the basic of chemical and spectroscopic data. Among them, compounds 1, 8, 10, 11, 12, 19, and 20 were isolated for the first time from P. ginseng root.

• FOCUS: LIFE SCIENCE
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• no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.15
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• 2024

The Avantor® ACE® UltraCore series encompasses High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) columns designed to deliver high throughput and high-efficiency ultra-fast separations. Utilizing ultra-inert solid-core silica particles with monodisperse particle distribution, these columns combine the high efficiency of UHPLC with the operability of HPLC instrumentation, yielding lower backpressure and high-resolution separations suitable for a broad spectrum of analytes. The Avantor® ACE® UltraCore range includes three primary product types: • UltraCore BIO: Designed for large biomolecules (≥5 kDa), these columns offer exceptional performance in separating biologically derived compounds. • UltraCore: Ideal for standard small organic molecules, providing rapid separations for both synthetic and natural mixtures. • UltraCore Super: Equipped with encapsulated bonding technology for small organic molecules in extreme pH conditions, optimal for high pH buffer requirements. The Avantor® ACE® UltraCore columns present a versatile and high-efficiency solution for chromatographic separation needs, accommodating a wide range of molecular sizes and providing enhanced resolution and reduced analysis time. Their adaptability to both HPLC and UHPLC systems, combined with the advantages of solid-core technology, makes them an invaluable tool in analytical and preparative chromatography.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.206-210
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• 1980

The minor components of $saponin-ginsenoside-Rf,\;-Rg_2\;and\;-Rh_1$ were isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer by preparative, semi-preparative and analtical high performance liquid chromatography. The rapid method developed in this work was proved to be very effective in separation and isolation of these minor ginsenosides. A further isolation was achieved by using the recycling technique.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 1979

The Korean origin sunflower (Helianthus Annus Linn.) seed of netural lipid were analysed by thinchrography, High performance liquid chromatography, preparative Thinlayer and Gas liquid chromatography. 1) The seed oil triglyceride components were conveniently separated based on their degree of unsaturation by employing the chromatography on silica gel sintered rod impregnated with 12.5% silver nitrate. Sunflower seed oil was composed of triglyceride, especially trilinolein 57. 74% triolein 25.28%, tripalmitin 7 55% ana tristearin 9.43% by a thinctrography. 2) The fatty acid compositions of seed oil have been determined by a high performance liquid chromatographic analysis using a ALC/GPC 244 type from Waters Association (Japan) with ${\mu}$ Bondapak FFAA column. It contained stearic acid 8.59%, oleic acid 27. 19%, palmitic acid 7.50% and linoleic acid 56.72% respectively. 3) The composition of sterols were determined by a preparative Thinlayer and Gas liquid chromatographic analysis. It was noted that sitosterol was the major sterol in the Korean sunflower seed. The results showed that contents of sterols were cholesterol trace, campesterol $13_.^{22\sim}13.9%$, stigmasterol $13.8{\sim}14.1%$, If, sitosterol $58.4{\sim}60.7%$, ${\vartriangle}^7$-stigmastenol $10.2{\sim}10.5%$ and ${\vartriangle}^{7,24(25)}$-stigmastenol $3.6{\sim}3.8%$ by method of planimetry and triangulation.