• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.345-353
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the stress-coping process used by elderly people. Method: This study was based on the grounded theory methodology of Strauss & Corbin. The participants were 15 elders selected by theoretical sampling. Over a period of 3 months, in-depth interviews using audiotape recording were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which new data were continuously coded in categories and properties according to Strauss and Corbin's methodology, Result: Stress in elderly people is caused by illness, family conflict, and loss of economic power. Stress occurred in connection with aging and limitation of social activity. The central incidents for stress were fear, alienation and anxiety. It was found that action/interactional strategies of stress-coping behavior were related to social support and mobility disorders. Action/interactional strategies to stress-coping in elderly people were dependent on medical treatment, mind control, participation of social activity, and renunciation of offensive behavior. Stress-coping in elderly people resulted in stability or instability in body and mind. Conclusion: It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development stress-coping strategies for elderly people. There is need to develop social support systems and a positive environment to avoid negative coping strategies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.300-309
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey research to identify whether characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their knowledge about diabetes, and self-care behavior impacted on the level of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Participants were 133 patients who had type 2 diabetes mellitus and were being seen at a hospital in Korea. The scale for knowledge about diabetes had 24 items, the scale for self-care behavior, 20 items, and the level of diabetic retinopathy was classified according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy severity measurement standards. Results: The influence of the independent variables on the level of diabetic retinopathy showed that age, job, time since onset of Diabetes Mellitus, regular ophthalmologic examinations, and systolic blood pressure were identified as factors affecting the level of diabetic retinopathy. The explanation power of this regression model was 23.0% and it was statistically significant (F=5.42, p<.001). Conclusion: Early education about occurrence of diabetes related diseases, specifically diabetic retinopathy should be provided for patients from younger ages. Moreover, for disease management, social support is needed from co-workers and friends. Efforts to encouraged prevention and delay of diabetic retinopathy should include control of blood sugar and blood pressure.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.557-565
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing the quality of life among the patients with Crohn's disease. Method: Data were collected from 97 Crohn's disease patients between September 17 and October 20 in 2009. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program. Results: There were significant differences in the participants' quality of life depending on their age, economic status, pain, diarrhea, weight loss, Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI), and use of medications such as antidiarrhotica, steroid, and analgesics. The results also showed the correlations between the participants' qualities of life and thier pain, CDAI, anxiety, depression, perceived health condition, and of body image. Finally, the factors affecting the quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease included anxiety, perceived health state, pain, and CDAI. The explanatory power of these factors was 79.5%. Conclusion: The results imply that controlling the patients' pain and providing emotional support for anxiety reduction are crucial. In a similar vein, tailored nursing interventions considering individual patients' conditions are believed to help the patients positively perceive their disease. A future research, can conduct further investigations of these factors from more diverse perspectives, which is expected to promote more effective nursing strategies for Crohn's disease patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of leadership, critical thinking disposition, and professional self-conception of nurse on happiness in nursing students. Methods: Data ware collected from 160 nursing students from March to May 2015, using self reported questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression were used to analyze the collected data. Results: Happiness in nursing students was correlated with leadership (r=.68, p<.001), critical thinking disposition (r=.36, p<.001) and professional self-conception of nurse (r=.57, p<.001). Factors significantly influencing happiness in nursing students were leadership (${\beta}=.48$, p<.001), professional self-conception of nurse (${\beta}=.17$, p=.032) and life satisfaction (${\beta}=.18$, p=.003), with a total explanatory power of 53.0%. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that leadership, critical thinking disposition, and professional self-conception of nurse should be promoted to increase happiness of nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify 24 hours blood pressure variations among adults over 40 years of age. Method: The participants(50 adults) were recruited from P hospital and B company. The participants were divided into normotensive and hypertensive tendency groups and then sub-divided into non-dipper, dipper, and extreme dipper. The data were collected from April, 2003 to September, 2004 and analyzed using SPSS for Window program. Results: 1) There were significant differences in cardiovascular risk factor, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and LDH, diet between the normotensive and hypertensive tendency groups. 2) Dippers in both groups showed a marked decrease in blood pressure during the night, but non-dippers in both groups didn't show a marked nocturnal decrease in blood pressure. 3) There were significant differences in heart rate, WHR, BMI, LDH, triglyceride, glucose, affective-oriented coping strategies between dippers and non-dippers. 4) There were significant differences in heart rate, WHR, BMI, LDH, triglyceride, affective-oriented coping strategies between dipper and non-dipper within hypertensive tendency group. Conclusion: Further studies are needed to provide effective intervention in hypertension when applying 24 hour blood pressure monitoring.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.210-219
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emergency setting visitors' knowledge and behavior patterns in relation to prevention of respiratory tract infections. Methods: A descriptive survey was used. The participants were visitors to the emergency service in 'D' general hospital in 'D' city, and the data were collected from July 1 to September 1, 2016. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Factors influencing prevention of respiratory tract infections were visitors' education level, methods of dissemination of prevention information, and participants' knowledge with regard to preventive methods. The explanatory power was found to be 35% in the regression model. Conclusion: The findings indicate that visitors' education level, knowledge of infection prevention, and the dissemination of information regarding infection prevention by the hospital play an important role in the prevention of respiratory tract infections in emergency services in the hospital. These results highlight the need for a customized education program for prevention of respiratory tract infections in emergency settings. Programs should take into consideration the educational background of visitors, and provide them with appropriate information regarding infection prevention.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.188-196
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among fatigue, patient safety culture and safety care activities of hospital nurses, and to identify and explain factors influencing safety care activities. Methods: The research participants were 187 nurses from a urban general hospital located in Korea. Self-evaluation questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data collection was done from January 10 to 31, 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with the SPSS 24.0 program. Results: There were significant negative relationships between fatigue and safety care activities (r=-.22, p=.003), and significant positive relationships between patient safety culture and safety care activities (r=.22, p=.003). Factors influencing safety care activities in hospital nurses were identified as type of unit (ICU) (${\beta}=.28$), patient safety culture (${\beta}=.24$) and fatigue (${\beta}=-.19$). The explanation power of this regression model was 16% and it was statistically significant (F=8.29, p<.001). Conclusion: These results suggest the need to develop further management strategies for enhancement of safety care activities in hospital. To improve the levels of patient safety, education programs on patient safety should be developed and provided to nurses in hospitals.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2010

To develop the thermal analysis method for the thermal behavior of HTS power cable system, cooled with sub-cooled liquid nitrogen, new thermo dynamic model for HTS cable system is introduced. The introduced thermal model is mainly modified from the thermal circuit following to IEC60287 for underground power cable systems such as XLPE or paper wrapped insulation cables. The thermal circuits for HTS cables are similar to the forced cooled underground cable system but the major thermal parameters and the configuration is apparently different to the normal cable systems so there has been no proposals in this field of analysing method. In this paper, 154kV HTS cable system has been introduced as an aspects of thermal models and a thermal circuit is proposed for the fundamentals on the dynamic rating systems for the HTS cable system. By using the thermal circuit developed in this paper, the optimal controls on the sub-cooling system's capacity become possible and it is expected to make the efficiency of HTS cable higher than conventional static controls.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.318-328
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• 2010

This paper as basic work on the regional economic policy of Korean government considers economic conditions and fundamentals of the cold started 5+2 mega-regional economic zones and makes a comparative study of regional economic power of national mega-regional economic zones based on the established economic indicator. Therefore, this study aims to consider henceforward policy direction of the mega-regional economic zone and the validity of the regional economic policy, which promote autonomous mega-regional economic zone in dimension to secure the global competitiveness. According to the comparison result of regional economic power index, the capital area had absolute superiority, while Gangwon, Honam and Jeju areas were relatively weak. Since the given regional conditions are dissimilar, the government must consider regional characteristics and economic fundamentals carefully, as they push henceforth regional development policy for the mega-regional economic zone. What is more, the government should promote a balance of the regional development, through to maintain demand-based policy and demand-pull policy flexibly, which are based on demand analysis, as well as unequal quota budget and policy for regions, which are relatively falling behind in terms of development and income.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.96-113
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• 1999

This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to survey the use of alternative therapy by chronicly ill patients. The subject of this study were 205 chronicly ill patients at Pusan National University Hospital. The data for this study were patient record. The data were gathered from August, 1 to September, 30 1998 and analyzed through SPSSWIN program for frequency, percentile and $x^2-test$. The important results of this study are as followings. Of population-sociological characteristics on studied objects, sexual distribution showed a similar percentage male 47.8% and the female 52.2%. Age distribution showed that the 60-69 year old group made up 31.5%, and was the highest. Of religion Buddism was the most frequest. The diagnosis distribution showed cancer at 28.8% and coronary artery disease at 16.1%. According to the results of the study, 51.2% of subjects had used alternative therapy. The most common type of alternative therapy was dietary and nutritional therapy, 40.2%, the place of use, home, 44.0%, duration, less than 3 months, 51.5%. The most common motive was a recommendation by friends or family. The degree of satisfaction after the use of alternative therapy was high for 21.0%, and slight for 53.3%. The reaction after the use of alternative therapy was increasing power for patients with coronary artery disease and cancer, sugar control for those with DM, and pain control for those with chronic arthrits. The study showed that for chronicly ill patients, age, religion, diagnosis name have an important effect on the use of alternative therapy. In conclusion, chronicly ill patients showed high-use of alternative therapy but they did not used alternative therapy as a healing method. Therefore we must provide an education program nurses and physicians. And we must provide more information or healing method's and support chronicly ill patients.