• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2004

Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize chicken carcass diseases. Spectral signatures of three different disease categories of poultry carcasses (airsacculitis, cadaver and septicemia) were obtained from fluorescence emission measurements in the wavelength range of 360 to 600 nm with 330 nm excitation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to select the most significant wavelengths for the classification of poultry carcasses. These wavelengths were analyzed for pathologic correlation of poultry diseases. Using a Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) of principal components with a Mahalanobis distance metric, poultry carcasses were individually classified into different classes with $97.9\%$ accuracy.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2011

The use of antimicrobials will be soon removed due to an increase of occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria or ionophore-resistant Eimeria species in poultry farms and consumers' preference on drug-free chicken meats or eggs. Although dietary antimicrobials contributed to the growth and health of the chickens, we do not fully understand their interrelationship among antimicrobials, gut microbiota, and host immunity in poultry. In this review, we explored the current understanding on the effects of antimicrobials on gut microbiota and immune systems of chickens. Based on the published literatures, it is clear that antibiotics and antibiotic ionophores, when used singly or in combination could influence gut microbiota. However, antimicrobial effect on gut microbiota varied depending on the samples (e.g., gut locations, digesta vs. mucosa) used and among the experiments. It was noted that the digesta vs. the mucosa is the preferred sample with the results of no change, increase, or decrease in gut microbiota community. In future, the mucosa-associated bacteria should be targeted as they are known to closely interact with the host immune system and pathogen control. Although limited, dietary antimicrobials are known to modulate humoral and cell-mediated immunities. Ironically, the evidence is increasing that dietary antimicrobials may play an important role in triggering enteric disease such as gangrenous dermatitis, a devastating disease in poultry industry. Future work should be done to unravel our understanding on the complex interaction of host-pathogen-microbiota-antimicrobials in poultry.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1977

최근 축산물의 소비가 증가함에 따라 쇠고기의 품질현상을 빚어 육류의 수입마저 허용케 되었으며 이로 인하여 양계산물의 소비도 늘어나게 되어 양계업도 근래보기 드물게 성업을 이루고 있다. (중략)

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.57-73
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• 1979

뉴캣슬병은 19세기중엽부터 뉴캣슬병 (ND)의 발생이 있었던 것으로 추측하고 있으나 영국에서 1926년 Doyle$^{62}$ 에 의해서 처음으로 발생보고 된 이내 오늘에 이르기까지 ND는 세계적으로 널리 발생되고 있을 뿐만 아니라 앞으로도 거의 근절되지 않고 계독존재하면서 양계에 많은 피해를 줄 것으로 예상된다. 이와 같이 세계적으로 분포되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 많은 학자들은 이병과 이병의 원인체인 Newcastle disease virus(NDV)에 관한 연구가 이루어져 왔었다. (중략)

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.23-45
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• 1978

금번 미사료곡물협회 한국지부의 주선과 정부의 파견추천에 의하여 선진 양계국인 미국의 양계관련 산업분야를 시찰하게 되었으며 이를 계기로 하여 브라질, 리오데자네이로에서 개최되는 제16차 세계 가금학회 총회까지 참석하게 되었다. 1978년 9월 2일부터 동년 9월 27일까지 25일간 학계와 관련업계가 같은 Team으로 (12명) 참여하게 된 것은 퍽 뜻이 있었던 것으로 생각된다. (중략)

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2013

Avian paramyxovirus (APMV) type 4 and 6 were isolated during an avian influenza (AI) surveillance program of wild birds. This study also conducted experimental infection of wild-bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens to study pathogenicity and transmission within domestic flocks. In addition, serological prevalence data of APMV type 4 and 6 in domestic fowls was conducted with chicken sera collected from 2007 to 2009 in order to understand infection status. The results of the animal experiment showed that APMV type 4 and 6 had the ability to infect chickens with sero-conversion and to transmit the virus from infected birds to contacted birds, but showed low pathogenicity. Serological tests revealed that APMV type 4 was widespread in the poultry industry, especially in layer flocks, but the positive rate for APMV type 6 was very low. This study concluded that wild bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 could infect the chickens by inter-species transmission and the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 was quite high in Korean poultry. However, since almost all the chicken flocks had a high level of antibody titer against APMV type 1, there was possibility of cross reaction between APMV type 1 and 4, which made the interpretations more complicated. In order to understand infection status in the natural environment, additional study is necessary regarding the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 and 6 in the wild bird population.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2017

본 연구는 국내 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태(무창, 개방, 방사)와 품종별(Hy-Line, Lohmann) 생산성과 질병발생에 대한 기초자료를 수집하기 위해 수행하였다. 초산일령은 무창 151일, 개방과 방사형 계사에서 각각 141일령이었으며, 각 계사의 산란피크는 91.8%, 92.9% 및 86.3%이었다. 사육형태에 따른 18~37주령 산란율은 무창, 개방, 방사에서 각각 70.9%, 77.4% 및 65.6%였으며, 32~36주령 산란율은 91.9%, 90.1% 및 76.2%였다. 평균 오 파란율은 무창, 개방, 방사형 계사에서 각각 2.84%, 1.15% 및 0.23%로 나타났다. 개방계사의 폐사율이 다른 사육형태에 비해 낮았다. Hy-Line의 초산일령은 155일, Lohmanndms 157일이었으며, 산란피크는 각각 92.9%(252일)와 97.2%(237일)이었다. 품종에 따른 평균 산란율은 Hy-Line 83.7%, Lohmann 76.9%였다. Hy-Line의 폐사율은 Lohmann종에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 난중, Haugh unit 및 난황색은 방사형 계사에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). ND의 항체역가는 개방계사에서 낮았으며, IB와 APV의 항체역가는 3농가 모두 높게 나타났다. SG, SE, SP, FAdV 및 ILT는 사육형태에 따른 세 농가에서 검출되지 않았다. 국내 산란계 동물복지 인증농가는 증가하는 반면 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태에 따른 자료들은 매우 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구는 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태별 생산성 및 질병발생에 대해 분석한 자료이며, 향후 국내 동물복지 인증을 받은 산란계 농장의 생산성 향상 및 질병예방을 위한 기초자료로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2017

Chicken production remains the foremost endeavor in the Nigerian livestock industry. However, disease incidence has been a major constraint on the growth of this subsector. This study assessed health management practices and disease incidence in smallholder chicken production enterprise in Southwest Nigeria using data from a farm survey of 240 farmers selected using a multistage sampling technique from 5 of 6 states in Southwest Nigeria. The study showed that vaccination was given by 96.8% of the famers, 97.8% dewormed their chickens, and 92.9% disinfected the coops against diseases. However, 37% of the farmers regularly consulted veterinarians, 25.7% consulted them during disease outbreaks, and 34.2% occasionally consulted veterinarians. Infectious bursal disease (IBD), coccidiosis, and chronic respiratory disease (CRD) were the major diseases reported by 17.1%, 12.9%, and 7.1% of the farmers, respectively. Mortality rate was 37.8%, although this varied with disease. However, there was a growth of 157.4% in stock size between the establishment of the farms and the survey period.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.18-27
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• 1980

IBDV는 양계업이 전업화된 모든지역에서 발생하고 있다. 이 질병의 임상증상은 매우 특징적이기도 하지만 IBDV 감염시의 닭의 연령 또는 바이러스의 병원성에 따라 임상증상 업이 내과 하기도 한다. IBDV에 의한 BF의 종장이나 출혈성 병변은 감염 후 짧은 기간에만 관할되며 질병이 경과함에 따라 BF는 위축된다. IBDV는 감염력이 극히 높으며, 오염된 계분, 사료, 물 등에 의하여 전파된다. 이 바이러스는 외계 환경에 대하여 극히 높은 저항성을 갖고 있으며 Ribovirus군의 Diplorna 바이러스로서 크기는 55-60nm이다. IBDV는 계태아나 계태아 조직 또는 감수성이 있는 닭의 BF에서 용이하게 증식시킬 수 있다. agar gel을 사용한 면역 확산법은 IBDV 감염을 진단할 수 있는 가장 간편한 방법이다. IBDV에 대한 항체는 감염 후 1주일 후부터 증명되며 장기간 지속된다. 감수성 계군일 경우 높은 역가의 항체형성이나 지속은 계군의 연령에 비례한다. IBDV에 대한 모체이행 항체는 critical age때의 병아리를 야외 감염으로부터 보호하여 준다. IBDV 단독 감염에 의한 IBD 피해는 경미한 것이지만 면역부전증에 의하여 유발되는 복합성 질병인 Inclusion body hepatitis, 전염성 빈혈, 괴저성 피부염 등은 닭의 생산성을 크게 저하시킨다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.738-742
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• 1999

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccination on performance of broiler chicks for five weeks. Two types of poultry houses and three patterns of vaccination ($NDV^-/IBDV^-$, $NDV^+/IBDV^-$ and $NDV^+/IBDV^+$) were factorially assigned to six treatments. NDV, B1 strain and IBDV, Bursin-2 vaccine were orally administered at 5, 14 and 7, 18 days, respectively. Forty eight hundred chicks were grouped into four replications with two hundnyd hybro $\times$ hybro chicks per each treatment. Weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality and product index were surveyed at the end of experiment. Bursa index and IBDV antibody titer of chicks were weekly measured. Weight gain of chicks vaccinated with $NDV^+/IBDV^+$ was significantly increased compared to that of other treatments at both window and windowless poultry houses (p<0.05). Chicks vaccinated with $NDV^+/IBDV^+$ also showed significantly improving the FCR and mortality compared to those of other treatments at both poultry houses (p<0.05). The bursa indecies of both poultry houses were high from one-day- to three-weeks-old, but were low for the rest of two weeks. IBDV antibody of all chicks was detected 100% by agar gel precipitation (AGP) test at one day old, but was not detected in $NDV^-/IBDV^-$ and $NDV^+/IBDV^-$ treatments at four weeks old. However, it showed 100% in $NDV^+/IBDV^+$ treatment. Antibody titer using ELISA showed similar trend to that of AGP test. The results of this experiment confirmed that IBDV and NDV combined vaccine significantly improved the performance of broiler chicks.