• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2009

In this study, we evaluated the stability and potency of live attenuated rinderpest vaccines of lapinized-avianized tissue culture strain origin, which had been produced annually from 2005 to 2008. When immune responses to the vaccines were evaluated using two Holstein calves weighing 100~150 kg, neutralizing antibody titer of 1 : 16 was induced at 21 days post vaccination. When calves were also inoculated with vaccines lots that had been stored for 39 months at ${4^{\circ}C}$, same level of antibody titer was observed. Using the virus titer test, we found that all batches of the vaccine that had been kept for 3, 10, 15, 22, 27, 34, 39, and 45 months showed no significant loss of titers, and fulfilled the requirement necessary ($\geq$ 3 $logTCID_50$) to be used as the national rinderpest vaccine reserve in Korea. In this study, we demonstrated that stability and potency of the rinderpest vaccines were maintained over three years when kept at ${4^{\circ}C}$ storage. This indicates that it maybe feasible to extend the expiration period of this vaccine from one year to three years.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1986

오래 저장해 둔 쇠비를 즙액에서 5종의 항균성 물질이 분리되었으며 이들 물질이 isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid 그리고 caproic acid 등과 C4-C6의 저급지방산으로 동정되었다. 각각의 지방산은 실내실험에서 다소간에 배나무 검은무늬병균(Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype)의 포자발아나 균사신장을 다같이 저해하였다. 포자발아에 대한 각각 지방산의 항균력은 예외없이 균사신장에 대한 그것보다 컸다. 예컨데 200PPM 이하의 농도에서 균사생장을 완전히 저해하는 항균성 지방산은 하나도 없었지만 caproic acid의 50ppm과 valeric acid의 200ppm은 포자발아를 완전히 억제하였다. 또한 생물검정의 결과에서 이들 지방산의 탄소시술의 길이가 길수록 더욱 높은 항균력을 보여주었으므로 탄소사슬의 길이가 항균력과 관계가 있는 것으로 추정되었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 1971

It is well known that the commonly used granular enzymic digestives are easy to diminish it's potency through preparation and custody. We made an experinent to know the proper way of manufacturing and keeping the granules without a loss of potency by $L_8$ orthogonal Tables. The factors, we considered, decomposition of enzyme activity through manufacturing are (1) sufficiency of granules drying (2) with or without sodium bicarbonate $(NaHCO_3)$ in gramules (3) separate wet granulation of enzyme and the rest of the component or mix together (4) kind of packing materials (Polycello or quartet silner paper) Besides we counted (5) humidity (6) temperature as block factors. Then we tested the potency of each sample by intervals of. a week, 2 weeks and we foretelled the potency of after one year by the life test. From the experimental results, main factor of activity loss is preserving humidity. Therefor the sufficiency of packing is became a main problem and the granules have to be made by separate wet granulation to inhibit it's decomposition. Temperature is the factor that accelerates loss of activity by humidity but does not so much by itself mixing enzyme toge therwith $NaHCO_3$ is not became a matter so far as it is dried.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2005

Canine coronavirus (CCV) causes a mild gastroenteritis in dogs. The virus is highly contagious. Although the virus was isolated more than thirty years ago, canine coronavirus infection continues to be a widespread problem. Mixed infections with both CCV and canine parvovirus (CPV) are common. Four kinds of commercial killed CCV vaccines are available in Korea. All the commercial vaccines should pass the National Assay for Veterinary Biologicals prior to release. For the potency test of CCV vaccine, it is necessary to use CCV antibody free dogs. The test requires not only kennels but high cost. To develop easy, efficient and economic potency test method for killed CCV vaccine using laboratory animals, a series of experiments with rabbits and guinea pigs were carried out in this study. In the preliminary test, the guinea pigs showed better immune responses than rabbits. The guinea pig was also easy to manage. So guinea pig was selected for the potency test animals. When the guinea pigs were inoculated twice with one dose of vaccine intramuscuarly each, slower and a little lower SN antibody titers were induced in guinea pigs than in dogs (about 2 kg body weight Beagle strain) given the same posology as guinea pigs'. It was concluded that guinea pigs could be substituted for dogs in the potency test of killed CCV vaccine.

• Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.389-396
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• 2017

Objectives: To circumvent the limitations of the current golden standard method, colony-forming unit (CFU) assay, for viability of Bacille Calmette-$Gu{\acute{e}}rin$ (BCG) vaccines, we developed a new method to rapidly and accurately determine the potency of BCG vaccines. Methods: Based on flow cytometry (FACS) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) as the most appropriate fluorescent staining reagent, 17 lots of BCG vaccines for percutaneous administration and 5 lots of BCG vaccines for intradermal administration were analyzed in this study. The percentage of viable cells measured by flow cytometry along with the total number of organisms in BCG vaccines, as determined on a cell counter, was used to quantify the number of viable cells. Results: Pearson correlation coefficients of FACS and CFU assays for percutaneous and intradermal BCG vaccines were 0.6962 and 0.7428, respectively, indicating a high correlation. The coefficient of variation value of the FACS assay was less than 7%, which was 11 times lower than that of the CFU assay. Conclusion: This study contributes to the evaluation of new potency test method for FACS-based determination of viable cells in BCG vaccines. Accordingly, quality control of BCG vaccines can be significantly improved.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.290-302
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• 2023

Abamectin offers great protection against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a well-known devastating pathogen of pine tree stands. Trunk injection of nematicides is currently the most preferred method of control. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of the commonly used formulations of abamectin against B. xylophilus. Twenty-one formulations of abamectin were evaluated by comparing their sublethal toxicities and reproduction inhibition potentials against B. xylophilus. Nematodes were treated with diluted formulation concentrations in multi-well culture plates. And, populations preexposed to pre-determined concentrations of the formulations were inoculated onto Botrytis cinerea culture, and in pine twig cuttings. Potency was contrastingly different among formulations, with LC₉₅ of 0.00285 and 0.39462 mg/ml for the most, and the least potent formulation, respectively. Paralysis generally occurred at an application dose of 0.06 ㎍/ml or higher, and formulations with high sublethal toxicities caused significant paralysis levels at the tested doses, albeit the variations. Nematode reproduction was evident at lower doses of 0.00053-0.0006 ㎍/ml both on Botrytis cinerea and pine twigs, with significant variations among formulations. Thus, the study highlighted the inconsistencies in the potency of similar product formulations with the same active ingredient concentration against the target organism, and the need to analyze the potential antagonistic effects of the additives used in formulations.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.171-178
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• 1993

The present study was carried out to investigate the developmental potency to blastocyst after freezing and thawing of nuclear transplanted 2-cell embryos. The nuclei from 2-, 4- and 8-cell mouse embryos were transferred into enucleated 2-cell embryos, and the reconstituted embryos were submitted to direct current(DC) pulse at output voltage of 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\mu}$ sec to induce cell fusion. The recovery rate and developmental potency to blastocyst after freezing and thawing of nuclear transplanted 2-cell embryos was investigated. 1. The recovery rate of nuclear transplanted 2-cell embryos in normal morphology after freezing and thawing was significantly higher in rapid freezing(DMSO 4.5M) than in slow cooling(p<0.01). 2. When the recovered embryos in normal morphology were cultured in vitro, there were no significant differences in the developmental potency to blastocyst between the freezing methods and the concentrations of cryoprotectant. In summary, these experiments have proved that rapid freezing method(DMSO 4.5M) is effective in nuclear transplanted 2-cell mouse embryos. If improved micromanipulation techniques and freezing are combined, nuclear transplantation technique will contribute to the improvement of productivity in livestock animals.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.982-995
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of the visual image evaluation according to coloration of men's dress shirts and neckties, and perceiver's gender. Subjects were 336 males and females living in Seoul. Five dimensions of visual evaluation were derived by factor analysis: elegance/intelligence, sociability, potency/attractiveness, individuality, and manliness. White shirts were evaluated highly in elegance/intelligence, and blue shirts were shown the manliest. Women evaluated the blue shirts manlier than men did. Dark blue neckties were evaluated highly in elegance/intelligence and sociability, and red ties were perceived to be very distinctive. Black shirts and white shirts with silvery gray ties were perceived to be the most elegant and intelligent. Blue shirts with dark blue ties was evaluated highly in sociability and potency/attractiveness, and black shirts with yellow ties were evaluated the highest in individuality. The evaluations of elegance/intelligence, potency/attractiveness, and manliness had significant interaction effects between the color of shirts and neckties. White shirts and blue shirts with dark blue ties were perceived to be more elegant and intelligent, potent, attractive and manlier than with red ties.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.371-377
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• 1992

The purposes of the study were 1) to extend the cognitive categorization theory in an attempt to explain the of garment category, fashionability, and wearer's body types on impression formation, and 2) to find out structures of wearer's impressional dimension and wearer's professional image. The research included a quasi-experiment and survey. The experimental design was a $2^{3}$full factorial design of 3 independent variables. The experimental materials developed for the study were a set of stimuli and a response scale. The stimuli consisted of 8 drawings made by 3 independent variables (garment category, fashion level, wearer's body type). Result were as follows: 1) Garment category, fashionability and wearer's body type had significant effects on impression of the 5 factors-evaluation, potency, appearance, sociability and good-bad, with exception of wearer's body type which was nonsignificant to the potency factor. 2) Garment category was most effective on the evaluation and the potency. However wearer's body type was most effect on the appearance factor and fashionability variable was most effective on the good-bad factor. It was conclued that the results supported the cognitive categorization theory on impression formation and a cognitive categorization hypothesis of clothes.

• 논리연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2020

이 글에서 우리는 좌, 우 n-멱등 공리를 갖는 미아놈에 기반한 논리를 다룬다. 이를 위하여 먼저 미아놈에 바탕을 둔 좌, 우 n-멱등 공리를 갖는 논리 체계 P^r_nMIAL, P^l_nMIAL을 소개한다. 각 체계에 상응하는 대수적 구조를 정의한 후, 이들 체계가 대수적으로 완전하다는 것을 보인다. 다음으로, 이 논리 체계들이 표준적으로 완전하다는 것 즉 단위 실수 [0, 1에서 완전하다는 것을 제네이-몬테그나 방식의 구성을 사용하여 보인다. 마지막으로 이를 고정점을 갖는 누승적 확장에 대한 연구로 확대한다.