• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.240-242
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• 2012

The anterior choroidal artery has several kinds of variations. Among them, the transposition of anterior choroidal artery and posterior communicating artery origins has been extremely rare. We report a case with cerebral aneurysm arising from posterior communicating artery which origin was distal to the anterior choroidal artery and review the relevant literature.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.293-295
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• 2006

Infundibular dilatation is funnel-shaped symmetrical enlargement that occurs at the origin of cerebral arteries and which is apparent on 7 to 25% of normal angiograms. Infundibular dilatation is frequently considered a normal anatomic variation of no pathologic significance. The authors report a case in which an aneurysm developed on an infundibular dilatation of the posterior communicating artery [PComA]. A 72-year-old woman presented with severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Digital subtraction angiography showed a saccular aneurysm arising from the origin of the left PComA. Operative findings revealed the aneurysm and infundibular widening of the right PComA. The aneurysm was successfully obliterated. Whether infundibular dilatation is a pre-aneurysmal state or a benign dilatation is controversial. However, we believe infundibular dilatation of the PComA in this case may have served as a pre-aneurysmal lesion.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.392-394
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• 2010

Trochlear nerve palsy associated with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is known to be a rare malady. We report here on a patient who suffered with left trochlear nerve palsy following rupture of a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. A 56-year-woman visited our emergency department with stuporous mental change. Her Hunt-and-Hess grade was 3 and the Fisher grade was 4. Cerebral angiography revealed a ruptured aneurysm of the right posterior communicating artery. The aneurysm was clipped via a right pterional approach on the day of admission. The patient complained of diplopia when she gazed to the left side, and the ophthalmologist found limited left inferolateral side gazing due to left superior oblique muscle palsy on day 3. Elevated intracranial pressure, intraventricular hemorrhage or a dense clot in the basal cisterns might have caused this trochlear nerve palsy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.455-458
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• 2006

The incidence of blindness after aneurysm surgery is very rare. We experienced a case of unilateral blindness after internal carotid artery[ICA] aneurysm wrapping. A 43-year-old male immediately developed ipsilateral ocular pain and visual loss in his left eye after the treatment of a lateral ICA aneurysm by wrapping with muscle pieces. He had also multiple aneurysms, which were multilobulated anterior communicating artery [A-com], middle cerebral artery[MCA] and posterior communicating artery [P-com] aneurysms. Coilings were done for a part of A-com artery aneurysm and P-com artery aneurysm on admission. The remaining A-com artery aneurysm was clipped and ICA aneurysm was wrapped with temporal muscle piece. A retrobulbar optic neuropathy might have resulted from either direct injury or damage to small dural vessels of the posterior optic nerve. Actually, the optico-carotid space was tight and the optic nerve was compressed by swollen muscle piece. Despite releasing of compression of the optic nerve on second day, his visual loss was irreversible.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.426-429
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• 2000

뇌 지주막하출혈에서 흔치않은 임상양상인 양측성 외전신경마비와 두통을 주소로 내원한 46세 여자환자에서 혈관조영술을 시행하여 좌측 후교통동맥 동맥류, 전맥락동맥 동맥류, 그리고 우측 후교통동맥 동맥류등 다발성 뇌동맥류가 발견되어 수술시행 하였다. 양측성 외전신경마비 이외에 시력 및 시야장애는 보이지 않았다. 수술시 상당한 뇌압증가의 양상을 보였고, 좌측 후교통동맥 동맥류 출혈흔적과 기저조에 소량의 혈종이 있었으며, 첫번의 좌측 수술 후 2주 정도에 안구운동장애가 서서히 회복되어 정상화되었다. 저자들은 뇌동맥류 출혈에서 드물게 보는 양측성 외전신경마비 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 증례보고 한다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2011

본 연구에서 2008년 10월 1일부터 2010년 9월 30일까지 경북지역 S대학 병원을 내원하여 전산화단층 혈관촬영을 시행한 환자 중 뇌동맥류가 발견된 249명을 대상으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 연구 대상자 총 249명 중 여자가 159명(63.9%)으로 남자 90명(36.1%) 보다 높은 분포를 보였다. 뇌동맥류의 혈관별 분포에서는 후교통동맥이 34.9%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 내경동맥이 21.7%, 중대뇌동맥이 15.7%, 전교통동맥이 14.5%, 후대뇌동맥과 뇌저동맥이 각각 3.6%, 전대뇌동맥과 추골동맥이 각각 2.4%, 후하소뇌동맥 1.2% 순이었다. 성별에 따른 뇌동맥류의 분포에 대해 분석한 결과 남자의 경우 후대뇌동맥과 뇌저동맥에 질환이 있는 경우가 한명도 없었으며, 여자의 경우에는 후하소뇌동맥에 질환이 있는 경우는 한명도 없었다. 성별에 따른 뇌동맥류의 혈관별 분포에서는 통계적으로 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 연령에 따른 뇌동맥류의 혈관별 분포에서는 통계적으로 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타났으며(p>0.05), 차이가 나는 집단을 파악하기 위해 사후 분석을 적용한 결과, 61~70세의 경우가 가장 높았고(4.21), 30세 이하(2.0)가 가장 낮은 것으로 파악되었다. 계절에 따른 뇌동맥류의 혈관별 분포에서는 통계적으로 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며(p<0.05), 차이가 나는 집단을 파악하기 위해 사후 분석을 적용한 결과, 가을이 가장 높았고(4.55) 봄(2.50)이 가장 낮은 것으로 파악되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this report is to assess the morbidity and mortality associated with clipping of intracranial unruptured aneurysms. Methods : At the authors' institution between May 1989 and December 1998, a total of 128 unruptured aneurysms in 110 patients were treated with surgical clippings. The medical records and neuroimaging studies of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results : The main locations of the aneurysms were : middle cerebral artery 31%, internal carotid-posterior communicating artery 28%, anterior communicating artery 16%, paraclinoid 6.5%, internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery 7%, posterior circulation 7%. Forty three percent of the aneurysms were symptomatic and 57% asymptomatic. The overall outcome of the surgery was : Glasgow outcome scale(GOS) I 86%, GOS II 6%, GOS III 4.3%, GOS IV 0% and GOS V(death) 3.5%. The operative risk is higher for large to giant aneurysms, and for aneurysms in posterior circulations. Patients with non-giant aneurysm in anterior circulation showed no mortality, but morbidity of 8.2%, and in posterior circulation : 25% of mortality and 75% of morbidity. Patients with giant anterior circulation aneurysm have 22% of mortality and 22% of morbidity. For patients with giant posterior circulation aneurysm, mortality and morbidity were 25% and 25%, respectively. The postoperative deaths were related to occlusion of the major parent artery in 3 cases(75%). The postoperative morbidity was related to occlusion of artery(9/13), intraoperative rupture(3/13), and cranial nerve injury(1/13). Conclusion : This report documents 3.5% mortality and 13% of morbidity in the clipping surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysms, and the relatively low risk of surgical clipping in non-giant and those located in anterior circulation. The natural history, especially risk of bleeding, of the unruptured intracranial aneurysms is still controversial. However, with respect to surgical results, unruptured non-giant aneurysm located in anterior circulation should be operated in patients with low risk.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.418-425
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• 2023

Objective : Deciphering the anatomy of posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms in relation to surrounding structures is essential to determine adjuvant surgical procedures. However, it is difficult to predict surgical structures through preoperative imaging studies. We aimed to present anatomical structures using preoperative high-resolution three-dimensional proton density-weighted turbo spin-echo magnetic resonance (PDMR) imaging with simple classification. Methods : From January 2020 to April 2022, 30 patients underwent PDMR before microsurgical clipping for unruptured PCoA aneurysms in a single tertiary institute. We retrospectively reviewed the radiographic images and operative data of these patients. The structural relationship described by PDMR and intraoperative findings were compared. Subsequently, we classified aneurysms into two groups and analyzed the rate of adjuvant surgical procedures and contact with the surrounding structures. Results : Correlations between preoperative PDMR predictions and actual intraoperative findings for PCoA aneurysm contact to the oculomotor nerve, temporal uncus, and anterior petroclinoid fold (APCF) reported a diagnostic accuracy of 0.90, 0.87, and 0.90, respectively. In 12 patients (40.0%), an aneurysm dome was located on the plane of the oculomotor triangle and was classified as the infratentorial type. Compared to the supratentorial type PCoA aneurysm, adjuvant procedures were required more frequently (66.7% vs. 22.2%, p=0.024) for infratentorial type PCoA aneurysm clipping. Conclusion : Preoperative PCoA aneurysm categorization using PDMR can be helpful for predicting surgical complexity and planning of microsurgical clipping.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.260-263
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• 2009

Internal carotid artery (ICA) trapping can be used for treating intracranial giant aneurysm, blood blister-like aneurysms and ICA rupture during the surgery. We present a novel ICA trapping technique which can be used with insufficient collaterals flow via anterior communicating artery (AcoA) and posterior communicating artery (PcoA). A patient was admitted with severe headache and the cerebral angiography demonstrated a typical blood blister-like aneurysm at the contralateral side of PcoA. For trapping the aneurysm, the first clip was placed at the ICA just proximal to the aneurysm whereas the distal clip was placed obliquely proximal to the origin of the PcoA to preserve blood flow from the PcoA to the distal ICA. The patient was completely recovered with good collaterals filling to the right ICA territories via AcoA and PcoA. This technique may be an effective treatment option for trapping the aneurysm, especially when the PcoA preservation is mandatory.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2022

Objective : This retrospective study investigated the clinical and angiographic characteristics of ruptured true posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms in comparison with junctional PCoA aneurysms presenting with a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods : The medical records and radiological data of 93 consecutive patients who underwent three-dimensional rotational angiography and surgical or endovascular treatment for a ruptured junctional or true PCoA aneurysm over an 8-year period were examined. Results : The maximum diameter of the ruptured true PCoA aneurysm (n=13, 14.0%) was significantly smaller than that of the ruptured junctional PCoA aneurysms (n=80, 4.45±1.44 vs. 7.68±3.36 mm, p=0.001). In particular, the incidence of very small aneurysms <4 mm was 46.2% (six of 13 patients) in the ruptured true PCoA aneurysm group, yet only 2.5% (two of 80 patients) in the ruptured junctional PCoA aneurysm group. Meanwhile, the diameter of the PCoA was significantly larger in the true PCoA aneurysm group than that in the junctional PCoA aneurysm group (1.90±0.57 vs. 1.15±0.49 mm, p<0.001). In addition, the ipsilateral PCoA/P1 ratio was significantly larger in the true PCoA aneurysm group than that in the group of a junctional PCoA aneurysm (mean PCoA/P1 ratio±standard deviation, 2.67±1.22 vs. 1.14±0.88; p<0.001). No between-group difference was identified for the modified Fisher grade, clinical grade at admission, and 3-month modified Rankin Scale score. Conclusion : A true PCoA aneurysm was found to be associated with a larger PCoA and ruptured at a smaller diameter than a junctional PCoA aneurysm. In particular, the incidence of a ruptured aneurysm with a very small diameter <4 mm was significantly higher among the patients with a true PCoA aneurysm.