• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.347-357
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• 1997

An accurate working length is an essential factor in the success of endodontic treatment. There are several methods for determining working length; electronic apex locator, tactile sense by clinician, and radiography. Among these methods, the most commonly used method is radiography. But this method requires excessive radiation, long developing time, and many equipments. In additon, it could give an image distortion and two dimensional image. To improve these disadvantages, an intraoral digital radiographic system (Digora$^{(R)}$) which use an imaging plate instead of a film, was developed. The purpose of this investigation was to compare Digora imaging with conventional radiography in determining the working length. Maxillary first or second molars of human dried skull were used. Files were inserted into canals at randomly selected lengths, from 2mm short of the radiographic apex to 2rnm beyond. Radiographs and Digora images(Digora positive and Digora negative) were evaluated to determine the adjustment needed to place the file 0.5mm from the radiographic apex. The results were as follows ; 1. There was no significant difference in accuracy between those evaluated in ${\pm}0.5mm$ and those accurately evaluated in the 3 images. 2. When comparing the accuracy of each image without distinguishing the 3 images, in the group accurately determined within ${\pm}0.5mm$, the mesiobuccal group showed significantly higher accuracy compared to the palatal group(p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the factors affecting turnover intention of the nurses working in neonatal intensive care units, including the extent of fatigue, work stresses, and work overload related to infection control. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study to test factors affecting the turnover intention of the nurses working in neonatal intensive care units. Data was analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearsons' Correlation Coefficient, and multiple regressions by using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 Program(IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: The turnover intention of nurses had a positive correlation with the extent of fatigue (r=.54, p<.001), work stress (r=.40, p<.001), and with the work overload (r=.43, p<.001) related to infection control. In addition, factors affecting the turnover intention of nurses included the extent of fatigue (β=.52, p<.001) related to infection control and the number of pediatric patients assigned to each nurse (β=.26, p=.001) and the variances explained by the regression model was 37.0%. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish and implement strategies to lower the extent of fatigue related to infection control by reducing the nurses' workload. Securing additional nurses to ensure an appropriate number of pediatric patients assigned to each nurse, and providing efficient management and available resources to reduce the turnover intention of nurses working in neonatal intensive care units are suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.155-164
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• 2023

This study analyzes and verifies the relationship between job satisfaction by factor, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and overall job satisfaction of working-age workers using a structural equation model. The research data used the 24th data of the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study. The subjects of the study were 8,024 workers in the production age of 15 to 64 as of 2021 among 9,132 people who correctly marked the values of the observation variables. As a result of the study, it was found that job satisfaction by factor had a positive impact on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and overall work and job satisfaction. In addition, organizational commitment and job satisfaction were found to have a positively significant effect on overall work and job satisfaction. These results emphasize the importance of understanding and solving the unique problems faced by various types of workers in the labor market, ultimately providing important implications for organizations and policy makers to provide workers with an efficient working environment.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.33-57
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• 2017

This study examines the effect of working conditions for care workers on the care quality in long-term care facilities, particularly the coexisting perspective on publicness and the marketization of Long-term care services in South Korea brings about. Prior studies have not identified a causal relationship between working conditions and the care quality, only explained cause of a low-wage labor market and low productivity of social services. Theoretical relevance of working conditions and service quality on Long-term care in Korea is to view from a integrated care model by Daly and Lewis(2002). A nonproportional stratified sampling procedure was used to consider Long-term care facility's ownership. A merged dataset combining surveys from 248 Long-Term Care facilities and online resources from NHIC administrative was used and analyzed by multiple regression. The analysis results is showed as follows. Overall, organizations with better working conditions, having higher wage, having greater a fringe benefit, being skills development and training are likely to have good care quality in each area. This research shows that the working conditions, rewards and support to care workers of organizational culture in the normative dimension beyond the minimum standard on labor market policy and evaluation system by government regulations have a positive impact on Long-term care quality.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.121-155
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• 2007

This paper was based on the answers of the BI(Business Incubating) managers who had been working in the business incubating field. The main purpose of this research was to figure out working conditions of those managers and to find out proper solutions. The result of the research was as follows. Overall economic rewards for those managers were relatively low level, job conditions for those managers were short-time contract-basis and those managers' ages were relatively young, 20s or 30s, and majority of the managers' working experience was usually less than 3years. Also some of the full-time managers were spending much of their working time in administration affairs rather than practical business incubating or business incubating consulting service. Therefore, the satisfaction level for their salary and working condition was quite unsatisfactory and they didn't have positive vision for their job and for their business consulting service. As a result to resolve those negative affects and to promote overall working for those BI managers, authorized certificates are necessary for those BI managers. Then they can specialize BI managing works and can improve their working conditions by blocking non -certified workers and can advance the quality of their consulting service.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.69-84
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• 2002

This is a work-in progress paper which the researcher is working with an English teacher in Waseda University in Japan. We started the same project in the year of 2001. This is a replication of the previous paper about the exchange project with Waseda University students. The exchange program with Waseda University students encouraged Howon University students in various ways. In this paper, the researcher also tried to show how to use authentic materials from the internet, TV, magazines and other resources of mass media. Using those materials were helpful to the students to improve their English ability. The result of this study will give positive impact to further studies.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.126-134
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• 2016

This study examines effect in customer satisfaction of the emotional intelligence of members at service providing department in the hotel; A case of five star hotels in Dajeon Research hypotheses were developed based on previous literature, and data were collected from 350 employees working at the hotel restaurant service business located in Daejeon, ROK, were investigated herein The collected data were then analysed using frequence reliability For this research analysis, a self-recording method was used where and examiner explains the survey and respondents writhen down their answers to survey questions Statistical processing in this study was done through data cidubg and data cleaning then with the SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science)v. 18.0. This result the emotional intelligence of service-providing employees at food service department of hotel was found to have a positive effect on customer satisfaction via understanding of others and emotional control. And the understanding of oneself, understanding of others and emotional control in emotional intelligence had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Emotional control, and emotioal use were found to affect organizational commitment positively.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2013

This study had collected 267 Dental Health Care Worker in Busan, Gyeongnam and Ulsan, in order to investigate work-family conflict, job satisfaction and turnover intention of dental hygienists and find relationship between these. A survey was conducted from April 8 through April 30, 2013, by using structured, self-administered questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 program. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The average job satisfaction point are 3.32, work-family conflict point 3.06, and turnover intention point 2.80. 2. The job satisfaction was under the greatest influence of the Group of Rationality, followed by declination of Work Demand, Working Environment, Money. 3. The turnover intention was under the greatest influence of the Money, Job of Future. All the foctors had a positive impact on their turnover intention. That lowering these factors expressed a positive correlation, the higher the money and job of Future turnover intention.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how empowering leadership effects on growth needs and turnover intentions to emergency medical technicians. Methods: The study was based on seventy six paramedics and seventy EMTs-basic who were working at the fire stations. A survey questionnaire was used to prove connection between empowering leadership, growth needs, and turnover intentions. Results: There was a positive correlation between empowering leadership and growth needs, and negative correlation between empowering leadership and turnover intentions. There was a positive correlation between emergency medical technicians growth needs and turnover intentions. Conclusion: This analysis is empirically applied to study the empowering leadership focused on the empowerment act of leader to a leading role to empowerment in fire service organization.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.85-94
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of economic contributions of home-based family businesses. The results suggested that positive effect on direct contributions of home-based family businesses was associated with a male manager, more family members, more employees, non-family employees in the business, engaged in food and restaurant business, located in Seoul area, and higher perceived success of the business. Positive effect on indirect contributions of home-based family businesses was associated with a female manager, a child under age 6, only family members as employees, and greater initial investment in the business. Working hours were negatively related to the indirect contributions. Greater total economic contributions of the home-based family businesses was associated with a male manager, more family members, more employees, non-family employees in the business, engaged in restaurant business, located in Seoul, and higher perceived success on the business.