• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze usage frequency and importance of competencies which are required to restaurant industry professionals. For this purpose, opinions of restaurant industry professionals on the competency were surveyed using questionnaires. To develop a questionnaire, a total of 27 competency variables which are required to restaurant industry professionals were drawn through literature review. Questionnaires were distributed to 300 professionals in restaurant industry with different positions using random sampling. Out of 300 questionnaires, 221 questionnaires were used for analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 10.0, including descriptive analysis, ANOVA and t-test. Reliability test and factor analysis were also conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. As a result, 'attitude and personality' factor was recognized as the most frequently used and the most important competency factor of restaurant industry professionals. Therefore, the competency such as 'sincerity', 'responsibility', 'sense of honesty', 'positive attitude', 'tolerance and justice', should be more emphasized in restaurant management education. The level of current usage and importance of each competency were different according to age, education level, working experience, position, number of employees, type of restaurant and type of management.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.157-185
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• 2021

The place of local tax payment has a realistic meaning in determining the jurisdiction of local taxation. In deciding where to pay tax, the benefit principle, beyond the convenience of tax payment and the efficiency of tax collection, should be considered as the core criteria. The benefit principle seems to be well reflected in the payment place of most local taxes. However, in the case of the Local Income Tax that shares the tax base with the Income Tax, the payment places for business income and capital gains of real estate need to be changed from the place of residence to of business and real estate. Since the benefits of local governments' public services contribute to generating income through various activities such as working or conducting business, it is necessary to ensure that taxation is carried out in the benefit areas where such income activities are conducted. This reform seems to alleviate the tax imbalance among local governments to some extent, and certain positive effects are expected in the areas of tax payment and collection.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.279-286
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to occupational hazards and the metabolic syndrome. A secondary objective was to analyze the additive and multiplicative effects of exposure to risk factors. Methods: This retrospective cohort was based on 31,615 health examinees at the Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital in Republic of Korea from 2012-2021. Demographic and behavior-related risk factors were treated as confounding factors, whereas three physical factors, 19 organic solvents and aerosols, and 13 metals and dust were considered occupational risk factors. Time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios. Results: The risk of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in night shift workers (hazard ratio = 1.45: 95% confidence interval = 1.36-1.54) and workers who were exposed to noise (1.15:1.07-1.24). Exposure to some other risk factors was also significantly associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. They were dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trichloroethylene, xylene, styrene, toluene, dichloromethane, copper, antimony, lead, copper, iron, welding fume, and manganese. Among the 28 significant pairs, 19 exhibited both positive additive and multiplicative effects. Conclusions: Exposure to single or combined occupational risk factors may increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Working conditions should be monitored and improved to reduce exposure to occupational hazards and prevent the development of the metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.223-237
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a nurse shift improvement pilot project on nurses' shift adjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention, as well as nurses' experiences of participating in the pilot project. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was performed. Survey data was collected from a total of 1,051 nurses both in participant and non-participant groups. For the qualitative study, focus group interviews were conducted with 22 nurses who participated in the shift improvement pilot, including 12 staff nurses, 7 nurse managers, and 3 substitute nurses. Results: There were significant positive effects on the key variables of nurses' shift adjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention in the group that participated in the nurse shift improvement pilot project. Based on the qualitative study, participants in the shift improvement pilot project indicated that it enabled nurses to recover their circadian rhythm, and achieve a better work-life balance, and they wanted to continue working as a nurse, and hoped expanded application of the pilot project. Conclusion: In order for expanded implementation of the pilot project and continued improvement in the shift system, we recommend establishing compensation standard, systematizing the use of substitute nurses, developing guidelines for shift schedules, and expanding the shift improvement pilot project to other departments such as the emergency room.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.330-342
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• 2023

Background: As the medical knowledge base grows at an accelerating rate, evidence-based clinical performance becomes increasingly important for providing quality care. Previous studies have highlighted the need to promote job crafting to actualize evidence-based practical skills in the medical field. This study aimed to investigate the degree of evidence-based practice among dental hygienists and assess the impact of job crafting on the evidence-based practical skills of dental hygienists. Methods: Dental hygienists working at dental hospitals and clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province were surveyed between February 28 and April 6, 2023. The sample was comprised of 267 participants. The hypotheses were tested independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses using SPSS 29.0. Results: The degree of job crafting by dental hygienists demonstrated significant differences based on educational attainment, workplace size, and workplace type. Evidence-based practical skills exhibited significant variations based on educational attainment and job position. All job crafting subfactors demonstrated positive correlations with evidence-based practical skills. The job crafting subfactors affecting the evidence-based practical skills of dental hygienists were 'increasing structural job resources' and 'increasing challenging job demands,' which together explained 38.7% of the variance in evidence-based practical skills. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that job crafting was positively and significantly correlated with evidence-based practical skills. To strengthen the job crafting ability of dental hygienists, improving environmental conditions and fostering an organizational culture that motivates continued participation in education is necessary. The development and promotion of programs that enable learning of the latest evidence should be actively pursued. Additionally, regular attendance at workshops and participation in organizational evidence-based practice education programs are necessary.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2023

Purpose: As life expectancy increases and interest in oral health increases, the opportunity to visit the dentist increases. To provide safe dental care for elderly patients and accurately identify their needs. We aim to understand the impact of knowledge, image, and empathy for the elderly on communication skills. Research design, data, and methodology: This study conducted an online survey using a convenience sample of 201 dental hygienists working in dental hospitals and clinics from October 4 to October 6, 2023. The purpose of the survey was explained and consent was obtained in the research consent form before being conducted. Results: Differences in knowledge, image, empathy, and communication skills among the elderly include age, clinical experience, need for elderly-related education, and confidence in oral care in elderly patients with systemic diseases (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). The factor affecting communication skills toward the elderly was empathy (t=15.416(0.000^***)). Conclusions: Through this study, the communication skills with the elderly is a basic quality and attitude that dental hygienists must have. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement empathy and communication skills training programs for dental hygienists, which can significantly contribute to fostering a positive trust-based relationship between elderly patients and dental professionals. This proactive measure is crucial in preparing for the upcoming era of an increasingly aged society.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.205-214
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the impact of nurse practice environment and organizational justice on nurses'job satisfaction. Methods: We identified the factors between nursing work environment and organizational justice to job satisfaction for 189 nurses working at a general hospital in city C. Data were collected from June 1st to 15th, 2023, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression, using IBM/SPSS 27.0 for the Windows program. Results: The mean job satisfaction was 3.24±0.55 points on a 5-point scale. Multiple stepwise regression revealed that the factors affecting nurses'job satisfaction included nursing foundations for quality of care (β=.26, p=.005), staffing and resource adequacy (β=.40, p<.001), collegial nurse-physician relations (β=-.24, p=.007), and distributive justice(β =.27, p<.001).These variables explained 55.0% of job satisfaction. Conclusion: The research findings indicate that higher job satisfaction is associated with a better nurse practice environment and positive perceptions of organization justice. These findings indicate that it is necessary to enhance the nurse practice environment and improve organizational justice to enhance job satisfaction among nurses.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.981-992
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• 2023

This study, the effect of organizational culture perceived by millennial Naval Personnel working on naval ships on organizational citizenship behavior was empirically analyzed. First, it was found that OC(group/hierarchy) had a positive effect on OCB. Second, affective commitment plays a mediating role in the relationship between OC(group/hierarchy) and OCB. It was confirmed that organizational culture has a direct effect on OCB, but also indirectly through affective commitment. Third, Coworker social loafing had a negative moderating effect in the relationship. Therefore, in order to improve organizational citizenship behavior, it is necessary to improve a balanced organizational culture suitable for changes in the organizational environment, Strengthen the key influencers for organizational members to affective commitment themselves in the organization, and promote improvement in social loafing.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.20-26
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• 2023

Emitted CO₂ is an attractive material for microbial electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Microbial electrochemical CO₂ reduction (i.e., microbial electrosynthesis, MES) using biocatalysts has advantages compared to conventional CO₂ reduction using electrocatalysts. However, MES has several challenges, including electrode performance, biocatalysts, and reactor optimization. In this study, an MES system was investigated for optimizing reactor types, counter electrode materials, and CO₂-converting microorganisms to achieve effective CO₂ upcycling. In autotrophic cultivation (supplementation of CO₂ and H₂), CO₂ consumption of Rhodobacter sphaeroides was observed to be four times higher than that with heterotrophic cultivation (supplementation of succinic acid). The bacterial growth in an MES reactor with a single-chambered shape was two times higher than that with a double chamber (H-type MES reactor). Moreover, a single-chambered MES reactor equipped with titanium mesh as the counter electrode (anode) showed markedly increased current density in the graphite felt as a working electrode (cathode) compared to that with a graphite felt counter electrode (anode). These results demonstrate that the optimized conditions of a single chamber and titanium mesh for the counter electrode have a positive effect on microbial electrochemical CO₂ reduction.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

This study examines the role of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) activity recognition on job satisfaction, prosocial activities, and job performance among customer representatives working in call center environments. After gathering data from 264 call center workers in major South Korean insurance companies, the analysis w as performed using SmartPLS 4.0. This study's findings reveal that employee recognition of ESG activities significantly enhanced job satisfaction. The impact of ESG activity recognition on prosocial behavior was positive but relatively weak. Job satisfaction influences both prosocial behavior and the job performance of employees. Finally, prosocial behavior positively influences job performance. The most significant finding is that employees' recognition of companies' ESG management practices serves as a job resource. This recognition enhances employees' attitudes, behavior, and performance, signaling the potential benefits of informing employees about corporations' ethical behaviors.