• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.189-203
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• 1988

The main objective of this dissertation is to find out the measurement methods of household work organization and manger style and the quantitative analysis methods of influential factors on household work organization and manager style. Subjects were homemakers living in metropolitan , medium and small cities. Questionnaires were sent to subjects and usable responses were 1139 out of 1239 received questionnaires. Data collected through both preliminary and main survey were analyzed by using frequencies, percentage, analysis of variance, chi-square test and pearson's correlation analysis. Results are as follows; 1) The degree of household work organization was distributed on upper middle level exceeding middle score. Among subsystems of household work such as task assignment , test regularization, task arrangement and task standardization. subjects show the highest positive attitude in task standardization. 2) The characteristics of management in household work have task centered orientation. By the prority of task centered orientation, the order was integrated style. dedicated style. It means that the most ideal style is an integrated style which accounts for one-third of the total homemakers. 3) Household organization's subsystems and household work manager style are related with socio-demographic variables. Integrated style is significantly related with homemaker's employment and having helpers for household work. homemakers who are employed and have helpers for household work exhibit high scores in task assignment and task arrangement. Dedicated style is significantly related with homemaker's age and the number of children. Homemakers who are older and have many children exhibit high scores in task assignment. Related style is significantly related with marriage duration, education level and income level. Homemakers who have a long marriage duration exhibit high scores in task assignment and who have high education and income level exhibit high scores in task regularization. Seperates style is significantly related with homemaker's age m marriage duration an family life cycle. homemakers who ar older, have a long marriage duration and are of late stage in family life cycle exhibit seperated style and high scores in organization. To summarize research findings, household work manger and household work organization are related with family life experiences, and task assignment is an influential variable on manager style. in conclusion, it is evident that household work organization emphasizes efficiency as cognitive component and such organization. Finally it is necessary to broaden this research considered social psychological variables. And also it needs to build household manger style models appropriate fro the characteristics of each style.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.279-292
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• 2012

Prospective high school students and science teachers' perceptions of 'advanced material', which was first introduced in the science textbooks of the 2009 revised curriculum, were surveyed. One thousand four hundred and ninety nine students and 123 teachers from Seoul, Incheon, and the Kyeonggi areas participated in this survey. The results are as follows. First, the attitude of students and teachers towards 'advanced material' was positive, but their interests in 'advanced material' was low. Also, some teachers mentioned that 'advanced material' was one of the difficult subjects to teach. Second, the perception of 'advanced material' was relatively low for both students and teachers. Both of them had heard of 'advanced material' through various routes, however not many of them thought that they knew what 'advanced material' was exactly. Also there were some teachers who didn't understand the detailed information of 'advanced material'. Third, both students and teachers agreed that 'advanced material' was worthwhile to learn and teach. However, each party had their own desire of 'what to learn', 'what to teach', 'how to learn' and 'how to teach'. Based on the results, some suggestions were made for effective teaching of this new subject.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.505-512
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate how extracurricular science club activities affect sciencerelated attitudes of female elementary school students. The experimental group was organised with thirty female elementary school students selected from a school in a small city and two schools in a town at Jeju special selfgoverning province. The students were encouraged to participate in a variety of scientific experiences and inquiry activities for ten months. The control group consisted of another thirty girl students chosen from the same schools. The pre-test and post-test on science-related attitudes were administered to both the experimental and control groups. The result of this study shows that meaningful changes have been observed in science-related attitudes of the experimental group, whereas the control group reveals no meaningful changes. Science-related attitudes have been analyzed in three categories such as cognition, interests, scientific attitude. The experimental group shows meaningful changes in all of the three categories, while the control group shows no change in any category. When the female students from small city and those from the town were separated, the result shows that the latter shows more positive changes in science-related attitudes through science club activities than the former.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.641-662
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• 2011

In this study, explicit Teaching and Learning strategy for middle school students were developed to improve basic science process skills. After applying these strategy in an actual class, the effects of Teaching and Learning strategy and change of students were analyzed. Explicit Teaching and Learning strategy to improve basic science process skills are developed based on analyzing preceding research. The use of application criteria for class of basic science process skills combined with explicit Teaching and Learning strategy, it is sought for the explicit instructional procedures of said skills. After analyzing the class in which explicit Teaching and Learning strategy were demonstrated, students reported that they were able to comprehend basic science process skills more effectively through the stages of explicit explaining and independent practice. The showing demonstration stage was heavily emphasized by the teacher in this class. Analysis of students' understanding degree about basic science process skills, most of them show positive outcome. Another analysis of ripple effect on daily life and other subjects, it is found that students could have the attitude to make use of science process skills for themselves. Through the result of study, it is found that explicit Teaching and Learning strategy that are developed from this study are an effective way to comprehension students' basic science process skills. Thus, continued study is needed to develop and spread explicit Teaching and Learning strategy of science process skills to be applicable in actual classes in secondary schools.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-166
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate what influence the external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products such as reliability, safety, effectiveness and innovation have on ease and usefulness, perceived value and behavioral intention. An empirical analysis were conducted to the general consumers over the age of 20 years who live in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas having experience of buying eco-friendly agricultural products in department stores, supermarkets and eco-friendly agricultural product specialty stores from November 10 to November 23, 2012, A total of 350 copies of questionnaire were distributed for this research and, excluding partial ones that were too concentrated on one side or found missing values, a total of 305 copies(87.1%) were used as the final statistical analysis data. The result shows that such external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products as liability, safety, effectiveness and innovation are useful enough as a theoretical basis for later study on RFID systems for eco-friendly agricultural products. Also, it reveals that, since all the process from production to sale of agricultural products can be seen, the products are provided safely for consumers, are objectively and rapidly investigated when problems occur, induce a positive attitude with their historical information, and are supplied through systematic management such as consumers' rights to know and choose and recall of unfit products.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.3239-3245
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• 2014

Background: College students are recommended as the target groups for catch-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Systematical exploration of awareness, acceptability, and decision-making factors of HPV vaccination among Chinese college students has been limited. Materials and Methods: A multi-center survey was conducted in mainland China between November 2011 and May 2012. College students aged 18-22 years were stratified by their grade, gender, and major for sampling. Socio-demographic and HPV-related information such as knowledge, perceptions, acceptability, and attitudes were collected through a questionnaire. Results: A total of 3,497 undergraduates completed the questionnaire, among which 1,686 were males. The acceptability of the HPV vaccine was high (70.8%). Undergraduates from high-level universities, at lower grade, or with greater prior knowledge of HPV vaccines showed higher acceptability of HPV vaccination ($p_{trend}$ <0.001). Additionally, undergraduates with vaccination experience outside the National Expanded Program on Immunization (OR=1.29; 95%CI: 1.10-1.51) or fear of HPV-related diseases (OR=2.79; 95%CI: 2.28-3.41) were more willing to accept HPV vaccination. General knowledge of HPV vaccine was low among undergraduates, and safety was a major concern (71.05%). The majority of students wished to pay less than 300RMB for HPV vaccine and chose the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention as the most appropriate venue for vaccination. Conclusions: Although most undergraduates demonstrate positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination, challenges pertaining to introduction exist in China. Corresponding proactive education and governmental subsidy to do so are urgently needed by this age-group population. Suggestions and potential strategies indicated may help shape the future HPV vaccination program in China.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.108-122
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• 2001

The cause of essential hypertension is yet unknown, but in general is caused by interaction of hereditary factors, diet, obesity, lack of exercise and stress. The aging process influences various physiological mechanism related to regulation of blood pressure. So elderly hypertensives have a tendancy to consider the disease as a result of the physiological aging process. This attitude causes many complications, worsening of the disease and even early death because of inappropriate care. In order to improve self-management of elderly hypertensives in this study the researcher examined the effect of blood pressure regulation by an education program that improves self-care behavior, through increasing self-efficacy. The education program consisted of group education on hypertension and self-care strategies, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy resources such as verbal persuation, performance accomplishment and vicarious experiences. A quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design was used. Thirty-two elderly hypertensives participated in the study. Eighteen in the education group and fourteen in the control group. The education program consisted of eight sessions twice a week for four weeks. There was no intervention for the control group. Data were analysed using SPSS for Windows(Version 8.0). The results were as follows. 1. There was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 2. There was no significant difference in the level of self-care behavior between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 3. There was significant difference in selfefficacy of experimental and control group, depending on the measuring period, but there was no difference between these groups on interaction by groups and over time. 4. There was positive correlation between self efficacy and self care behavior depending on the measuring period. There was negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and self-care behavior on the posttest of the program, and between systolic blood pressure and self-care behavior on the follow-up test of the program. Findings indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies for the regulation of blood pressure for the elderly, which is easy for the elderly to learn as a nonpharmacologic approach.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.141-151
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• 2016

Purpose - Salesperson perceptions of the fairness and accuracy of a performance evaluation system were examined by managerial and professional employees of large organization. The performance evaluation process is central to many personal decisions such as attitude for job and sales performance. This study investigates the relationship between perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. The main purpose of this study is to develop and empirically test a comprehensive model of salespersons' perceived evaluation fairness on sales performance. For this purpose, we identified the structural relationship between perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. Also we investigate the mediating effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment between perceived evaluation fairness and sales performance. Research design, data, and methodology - To empirically test these relationships, data were collected by in-depth interviews from sales managers and questionnaire surveys from 300 salespersons who work for sales area (credit card company, insurance company). Demographically, the overall sample was 91.6% female, 77.9% 30s and 40s, and 34% college educated, with an average tenure with their present organizations of 4 years. The questionnaire was composed of total 20 items dealing with frequency, quality, and consequences of perceived evaluation fairness, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. To test the research hypotheses, collected data analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structure equation model (SEM). Results - Through extensive and rigorous literature review process of related literature(Perceived evaluation fairness, Job satisfaction, Organizational commitment, Sales performance), research model and research hypothesis was set up. This study obtains the following research results. First, perceived evaluation fairness has a positive effect on job satisfaction, whereas the effects of perceived evaluation fairness on organizational commitment and sales performance did not show statistically significant result. Second, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have complete mediating roles to the relationship between perceived evaluation fairness and organizational commitment, and relationship between perceived evaluation fairness and sales performance. Conclusions - Based on the results, salespersons' perceived evaluation fairness is one of the key independent variable for making high job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sales performance. Finally the theoretical, managerial implication and research limitations are mentioned in the discussion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.722-731
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• 2016

Previous findings on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors is a useful index for effectiveness of the organization. Also, it is a factor that explains the relation between its member's attitude and behavior as organizational commitment had been stabilized. Since autonomy and rapidity has become more important in increasing the efficiency of the organization, this means Organizational Citizenship Behaviors has become important in it. Organizational Citizenship Behaviors of the members occurs only when discretion and autonomy are given to its members. Therefore, this study aimed at measuring the effects of police officer's personal dispositions on organizational citizenship behaviors, exploring the moderation effect of organization culture, and providing the basis with implications to promote the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in the police Organization. By reviewing previous finding, Police Officer's Personal Dispositions were selected as independent variables, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors was selected as dependent variable. and Organizational Culture was selected as moderation variable. The result of analysis showed that The belief & The Norm influenced in Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(positive), and The Value in Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative). And The moderation effect was tested: The Value${\rightarrow}$Hierarchical Culture${\rightarrow}$Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative), The belief${\rightarrow}$Rational Culture${\rightarrow}$Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative)

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.345-354
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify the levels of patient safety culture, critical thinking disposition, and patient safety nursing activities and determine the factors affected by patient safety nursing activities among nurses in comprehensive nursing care service wards. Subjects consisted of 150 nurses from general hospitals in B city, Korea, and data were analyzed using the SPSS Win 21.0 program. The mean scores of awareness of patient safety culture, critical thinking disposition, and patient safety nursing activities were $3.32{\pm}0.32$, $3.50{\pm}0.31$, and $4.28{\pm}0.46$, respectively. The awareness of patient safety culture was significantly different by clinical career in the present unit (F=4.79, p=0.001). The critical thinking disposition was significantly different by age (F=3.89, p=0.010) and position (F=6.40, p=0.002). There were differences in the scores of patient safety nursing activities according to position (F=3.19, p=0.044). Additionally, hospital environment (${\beta}=0.25$, p=0.014), supervisor attitude (${\beta}=0.20$, p=0.046), and position (${\beta}=0.14$, p=0.040) accounted for a 44.4% variance in patient safety nursing activities. To promote patient safety nursing activities in comprehensive nursing care service wards, positive awareness of the hospital's safety environment and support from the manager are required.