• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.662-672
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated-simulation practice program using standardized patients and to identify the effects of such program. The present study used a pretest-posttest design with a single group applied to 30 fourth-year nursing students in a university and developed a case scenario for alcoholism patients with diabetes mellitus in a community. As results showed, communication skills were significantly improved (t = 4.24, p < .001), but the learning of self-efficacy and motivation of transfer were insignificantly improved compared with the pretest. Moreover, motivation of transfer showed a positive correlation with the learning of self-efficacy (r = .758, p < .01). The purpose of utilizing an appropriate case development based on practical experience and hands-grade students was to improve the motivation of transfer and increase self-efficacy through problem solving. Therefore, we identified that an integrated-simulation practice program using standard patients was useful in the improvement of client centered nursing competence, such as communication skills. In addition, further studies would help develop various scenarios for the integrated-simulation practice program to improve not only communication skills but also increase self-efficacy and motivation of transfer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.416-426
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• 2016

This study intended to identify dental hygienists' knowledge and extent of awareness and performance of patient's personal information protection. In addition, this research was conducted to contribute to medical centers' preparation of measures to strengthen the personal information protection by identifying the factors affecting dental hygienists' extent of performance related to the patient's personal information protection. After explaining the purpose and meaning of the research to the survey participants and gaining their consent, a self-administered survey was conducted from November 7, 2014 to June 30, 2015. The data on 210 dental hygienists in Busan city and Gyeongsangnam-do province was used for analysis. As a result, in dental hygienists with more than 10 years experience, the extent of the performance was significantly high (p<.05). In positions higher than a senior manager, the extent of knowledge was high (p<.01) and the extent of performance was significantly high (p<.05). In hospitals with more than 10 to 20 workers, the extent of awareness was significantly high (p<.05). Regarding the correlation of knowledge and the extent of awareness and performance, a high level of knowledge showed a positive correlation of the extent of awareness and performance (p<.01). As a result of a survey regarding what effects dental hygienists' knowledge and extent of awareness of patient's personal information protection have on dental hygienists' extent of performance, it was found that knowledge (.231) and the extent of awareness (.212) are factors affecting the extent of performance. Therefore, to increase the extent of dental hygienists' performance of patient's personal information protection, there is a need to improve the knowledge of patient's personal information protection and change its awareness. To change the awareness of patient's personal information protection, there is a serious need to carry out education targeting dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.212-223
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate how attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control affect nurses' pressure ulcer (PU) prevention behavior among general hospital nurses based on the theory of planned behavior. A total of 111 nurses in four general hospitals in Korea participated in this study and replied to a survey on attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavior regarding PU prevention. Data were analyzed with multiple regressions by all participants, education level, working department, and hospital size group. In all participants, the more positive attitude and the higher subjective norm, the more PU prevention behavior. However, in the group of 'more than bachelor degree' and 'tertiary hospital', the more clinical experience, the more behavior. In the group of 'surgical ward & intensive care unit', the higher attitude, the more behavior. In the group of 'more than bachelor degree', the higher subjective norm, the more behavior. Therefore, personalized and tailored intervention for nurses may be provided depending on nurses' education level, work department, and hospital size to enhance PU prevention behavior by means of improving nurses' attitude, subjective norm toward PU prevention.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.539-547
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• 2017

This paper reports the results of descriptive research aimed at determining the effects of the administrative hospital staff members' organization-based self-esteem and work engagement on their organizational citizenship behaviors. The participants of the study were 200 administrative staff members of general hospitals, each with 200 beds or more, located in B city. Data were collected from March 15 to 30, 2017, and analyzed statistically using a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. The organizational citizenship behaviors differed significantly according to whether they had an experience of turnover (t=-4.260, p=.000) and how long they had served at their present work (t=3.297, p=.039). In addition, the organizational citizenship behaviors had strong positive correlations with the organization-based self-esteem (r=.454, p=<.000) and work engagement (r=.595, p<.000). In addition, the factor that explained the organizational citizenship behaviors most significantly was work engagement, followed by organization-based self-esteem and the period of service at the present work. All three factors accounted for 41% of those behaviors. These findings suggest that the hospital should perform internal marketing or improve its welfare system to make administrative staff members raise their self-esteem based on their organization. Moreover, the hospital should form an organizational culture of its own, in which administrative staff members feel the importance of their job, enjoy it and are given autonomy in job performance, ultimately contributing to the development of hospital management.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.166-173
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of workplace bullying and social support on turnover intention of nurses. The data included 133 nurses who worked in general hospitals in Chungchungbukdo. Data were collected from 1 November, 2016 to 25 December using self-report, structured questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS 20.0. The results showed that the effects of workplace bullying and social support on turnover intention averaged 1.46 (out of 4), 3.55 (out of 5) and 3.30 (out of 5). Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between workplace bullying and turnover intention (r=0.218, p=0.012) and negative correlations between social support and turnover intention (r=-0.363, p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the predictors of turnover intension were education (${\beta}=-0.268$, p<0.009), total clinical experience (${\beta}=0.706$, p<0.001), and workplace bullying (${\beta}=0.183$, p<0.036). Based on these results, it is necessary to recognize the importance of workplace bullying and develop and adapt programs to reduce workplace bullying in order to decrease turnover intention among nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.276-284
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on hand washing of physical therapists by examining their awareness and practice of hand washing according to proper clinical practice. A total of 536 questionnaires were collected from physical therapy students in Gwangju metropolitan city. The general characteristics of the subjects were calculated by frequency analysis, and the awareness and practice of hand washing with and without clinical practice were analyzed by independent t-tests. As a result of analyzing hand washing awareness according to the clinical practice, there was a significant difference in hand washing up to the wrist (p<0.05), and a significant difference in 6 stages of proper hand washing (p<0.01). As a result of analyzing hand washing practice according to clinical practice, there was a significant difference in hand washing before eating and starting clinical practice (p<0.05), a significant difference in washing hands after contacting clinical practice equipment and washing your fingers from your thumb down (p<0.01). As a result of analyzing the correlation between awareness and practice, most showed positive correlation. This means it is important to raise the awareness of proper washing hands. Therefore, it is believed that the training school should repeatedly conduct its own hand washing training within the school and in clinical practice to increase awareness and improve handwashing in clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.659-670
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the state of oral health care among special school personnels in an attempt to provide some information on the improvement of the oral health care of students with disabilities who would be under the first hand influence of school personnels. Methods : The subjects in this study were personnels who were selected by random selection in five different special schools located in the city of Jeonju, North Jeolla Province. A self-administered survey was conducted in person from July 5 to 14 after the purpose of this study was explained. Results : 1. Concerning their general characteristics, the level of oral health knowledge was high in the personnel whose career is 5 years more, and the younger personnels had a better oral health knowledge, and the men were more knowledgeable than the women. 2. As to oral health education experience, the rate of the respondents who ever received oral health education stood at 35.3 percent. In relation to the frequency of oral health education, the biggest group that accounted for 58.2 percent received that education once. As for the route of education, the largest group that represented 52.7 percent received that education at dental hospitals or clinics. In relation to satisfaction with oral health education, the greatest group that accounted for 38.5 percent were dissatisfied with that education. 3. As for an intention of receiving oral health education in the future, the biggest group that accounted for 60.9 percent intended to receive that education if they would have free time, and the largest group that represented 47.7 percent believed that oral health education should be conducted by dental hygienists. 4. Concerning their general characteristics, the level of oral health promotion behavior according to age in both bushing and supplies of oral health care was high in forties-1.89 point and 3.33 point, and that in regular visit to a dental clinic was the highest in twenties for 2.58 point, and that in dietary control was the highest in twenties for 2.59 point. 5. Their oral health knowledge had a significant positive correlation to their toothbrushing, regular dental clinic visit and dietary control that were the subfactors of oral health promotion behavior. 6. As for the impact of oral health promotion behavior on oral health knowledge, toothbrushing exerted the greatest influence on that(${\beta}$=0.306, p<0.001). Conclusions : Appropriate institutional measures should be taken to let dental hygienists who are expert in oral health care provide incremental oral health care for students and adults with disabilities in educational institutions and facilities for the disabled, and the development of oral health education programs is urgently required to offer systematic oral health education for not only students with disabilities but their teachers and guardians.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.463-470
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• 2007

There have been many studies on patients who suffer from anxiety disorders. However, there is been not enough attention on the difference in the level of between the two populations with and without anxiety disorders. This study was performed to investigate the difference in the ANS responses induced by fear in children. Experimental procedures were as follow: All subjects were in upper grade levels in elementary school. ANX(anxiety) scales of PIC(Personality Inventory for Children) were used to measure fear anxiety. Audio-visual clips were used as stimulus to provoke fear emotion. Baseline of physiological signals, ECG, PPG, EDA, and SKT, were measured for 30 seconds before the fear stimulus. Physiological signals were then recorded for 2 minutes while fear is evoked. Psychological and physiological responses were analyzed. All the children reacted to the fear stimulus with high intensity of fear. Physiological responses showed that SKT, SCR, NSCR, HR, RSA, RESP, HF were increased, while R-R was significantly decreased, respectively, during the period of fear induction. Analysis of the level of anxiety and the physiological responses produced by the experience of fear revealed a statistically significant positive correlation in SKT, HR, and RSA. In other words, the higher the level of anxiety, the higher the levels of SKT, HR, and RSA when children experienced fear in conclusion, it is confirmed through this research that physiological responses to fear is associated with the level of anxiety each individual.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2007

We are motivated by how offline and online firms compete. The Internet made many conventional offline firms build a dynamic online business as another sales channel using their advantages such as brand equity, an existing customer base with comprehensive purchasing data, integrated marketing, economies of scale, and longtime experience with the logistics of order fulfillment and customer service. Even though the hybrid selling using both offline and online channel seems to have advantages over a pure online retailer, all the conventional offline firms are not seen to create an online business. Many conventional offline firms began to launch online business since the Internet era, however, just being online business is not likely to guarantee success. According to Bizate.com's report whether the hybrid channel strategy is successful is still under investigation. For example, consider the classic case of Barnes and Noble versus Amazon.com, Barnes and Noble was already the largest chain of bookstores in the U,S., when Amazon.com was established in 1995, BarnesandNoble.com followed suit in 1997, After suffering losses in its initial years, Amazon finally turned profitable in 2003. In 2004, Amazon's net income was $588 million on revenues of $6.92 billion, while Barnes and Noble earned $143 million on revenues of $4.87 billion, which included BarnesandNoble.com's loss of $21 million on revenues of $420 million. While these examples serve to motivate our thinking, it does not explain when offline firms should venture online. It also does not provide an analytical framework that can generalized to other competitive online-offline situations. We attempt to do this in this paper and analyze a hybrid channel model where a conventional offline firm competes against online firms using its own direct online channels. We are particularly interested in an optimal channel strategy when a conventional offline firm sells its products through its own direct online channel to compete with other rival online firms. We consider two situations where its direct online channel and other online firms are symmetric and asymmetric in the brand effect. The analysis of this paper presents several findings. In the symmetric model where a hybrid firm's online channel is not differentiated from a pure online firm, (i) a conventional offline firm will not launch its online business. In the asymmetric model where a hybrid firm's online channel is differentiated from a pure online firm, (ii) a conventional offline firm can launch its online business if its brand effect is greater than a certain threshold. (iii) there is a positive relationship between its brand effect and online customer costs showing that a conventional offline firm needs more brand effect in order to launch online business as online customer costs decrease. (iv) there is a negative relationship between its brand effect and the number of customers with access to the Internet showing that a conventional offline firm tends to launch its online business when customers with access to the Internet increases.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.78-81
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• 2008

Purpose: In this study, we evaluated unstable serum data of HBe antigen (HBeAg) or HBe antibody (HBeAb) in patients who experienced HBeAg seroconversion. This study have been performed to assist a medical technologist in the recognition of patients who were chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Materials and Methods: A total number of 3 patients were enrolled in this study. All patients experienced HBeAg seroconversion. Serum data of HBeAg and HBeAb were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: The data of HBeAg or HBeAb showed an unstable change during seroconversion from HBeAg to HBeAb in chronic type B hepatitis (CBH). Conclusions: Serum data of HBeAg or HBeAb can change during HBe seroconversion. These data suggest that patients with HBe seroconversion can experience an unstable oscillation of HBeAg or HBeAb value from positive to negative. Unstable data can appear naturally due to the seroconversion process.