• 유통과학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

Purpose: The research is to find out the perception of consumers for the convenience store (c - store) image in an emerging market, with a sample from Ho Chi Minh City. Research design, data, and methodology: Data were collected using a 24 - item structured questionnaire into six factors, namely: store atmospheric, merchandise, supplementary service, customer convenience, sales personnel, promotion. Five hundred consumers shopped at the different c - stores were collected for a multidimensional scaling technique that creates a perceptual map illustrating of c - store image. Results: The results point out that consumers' perception of a different c - store is different. The trend of c- stores are focusing on the dimensions of the function aspect. The customers also put their attention on the psychological dimension, which, in this case, is customer convenience with a sharp point. Almost all stores are bad on store atmospheric in customer- based. Conclusions: The modern retail store chains need to focus on elements to create a store image positioning and improve the perceptions of the consumers towards the store. Besides, customers not only visit the stores, not due to its convenient location, mass media or shopping experience, but also a strong identity for the store's brand image.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.47-49
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• 2022

IPS는 건물 내부에서 벽과 지붕으로 인해 정확도가 떨어지는 GPS를 대신하기 위한 실내 측위 시스템이다. 위성 신호를 대신하여 Wi-Fi와 같은 전파 신호들을 사용하고, 정확도를 높이기 위한 다양한 측위 기법들이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 정확도 높은 핑거프린트 기법에 고준위 신호를 적용하여 기존보다 효율적인 측위 방법을 제시한다. 과거에 비해 많아진 와이파이 AP를 활용하여 수집된 고준위 신호로 라디오 맵을 구성한다. 구성된 라디오 맵이 위치마다 나타내는 패턴을 분석하여 사용 적합성을 확인한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.975-981
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• 2006

This paper shows a feasibility analysis results on RFID for car positioning system. Usually, a car navigation is mainly based on GPS combined with map-matching. However, in the case of poor visibility of satellites, GPS can not supply accurate position information continuously. In recent years, RFID has been considered to be one of key technologies in positioning and localization area. But its application and research results in the area of vehicular positioning are not popular. RFID system consists of tag, reader, antenna and software such as drivers and middleware. The main function of RFID system in a vehicular positioning is to retrieve ID recorded position information from tags which set on the center of road. We propose a positioning method for vehicles using RFID and we present some indoor and outdoor experiment results to show that the proposed method is available in vehicle operational environments.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2013

최근 실내 공간 사용자들을 대상으로 한 서비스의 관심이 증가하고 있다. 실내 위치추적 시스템은 다양한 무선통신 인프라를 활용하여 측위 오차의 범위를 최소화 할 수 있고 이동통신망과 결합하여 실내 측위 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있다. 하지만 환경에 상관없이 유연하게 동작하는 위치추적 시스템의 기술은 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 체계화된 실내 위치추적 비즈니스 모델에 관한 연구가 더욱 필요한 시점이다. 본 논문의 목적은 실내 외 위치추적 시스템의 측위기술 차이점을 분류하고 실내 위치추적 시스템에 적용되는 무선통신 방식(Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID, UWB, Fingerprint 등)의 기술방식과 다양한 국내 외 구축사례 및 활용사례를 연구하고 이를 통해 성공적인 실내 위치추적 시스템 모델 설정과 향후 시스템 발전방향을 제시한다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2017

The position of autonomous driving vehicle is basically acquired through the global positioning system (GPS). However, GPS signals cannot be received in tunnels. Due to this limitation, localization of autonomous driving vehicles can be made through sensors mounted on them. In particular, a 3D Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system is used for longitudinal position error correction. Few feature points and structures that can be used for localization of vehicles are available in tunnels. Since lanes in the road are normally marked by solid line, it cannot be used to recognize a longitudinal position. In addition, only a small number of structures that are separated from the tunnel walls such as sign boards or jet fans are available. Thus, it is necessary to extract usable information from tunnels to recognize a longitudinal position. In this paper, fire hydrants and evacuation guide lights attached at both sides of tunnel walls were used to recognize a longitudinal position. These structures have highly distinctive reflectivity from the surrounding walls, which can be distinguished using LIDAR reflectivity data. Furthermore, reflectivity information of tunnel walls was fused with the road surface reflectivity map to generate a synthetic reflectivity map. When the synthetic reflectivity map was used, localization of vehicles was able through correlation matching with the local maps generated from the current LIDAR data. The experiments were conducted at an expressway including Maseong Tunnel (approximately 1.5 km long). The experiment results showed that the root mean square (RMS) position errors in lateral and longitudinal directions were 0.19 m and 0.35 m, respectively, exhibiting precise localization accuracy.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 통계적 오차분석 이론 연구와 미국 지도 정확도 기준분석을 통하여 우리나라의 지형조건에 적합한 지도위치 정확도 기준을 축척 1:50,000 지형도에 대해 제시하였다. 선형오차확률(LEP)이론과 원형오차확률(CEP)이론을 지도 정확도 평가기법에 적용하고, 위치오차에 대한 신뢰구간을 90%로 설정하여 추정한 오차를 정확도 평가기준이 되도록 하였다. 제안한 평가기준과 평가방법의 타당성을 확인하기 위하여 도로의 교차점, 식생의 경계점, 산의 정상, 독립건물 등 관측점(60점)의 위치를 선점하였다. 각 관측점에 대하여 GPS로 측량하여 기준좌표자료를 획득하고, 항공사진으로부터 제작된 수치지형도와 위성사진으로부터 제작된 수치지형도 및 기존의 축척 1:50,000 지도의 위치정확도를 시험평가하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2000

For the autonomy of a mobile robot it is first needed to know its position and orientation. Various methods of estimating the position of a robot have been developed. However, it is still difficult to localize the robot without any initial position or orientation. In this paper we present the method how to make the colored map and how to calculate the position and direction of a robot using the angle data of an omnidirectional image. The wall of the map is rendered with the corresponding color images and the color histograms of images and the coordinates of feature points are stored in the map. Then a mobile robot gets the color omnidirectional image at arbitrary position and orientation, segments it and recognizes objects by multiple color indexing. Using the information of recognized objects robot can have enough feature points and localize itself.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.93-97
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose personalized recommendation techniques based on multidimensional scaling (MDS) method for Business to Consumer Electronic Commerce. The multidimensional scaling method is traditionally used in marketing domain for analyzing customers' perceptional differences about brands and products. In this study, using purchase history data, customers in learning dataset are assigned to specific product categories, and after then using MDS a positioning map is generated to map product categories and alternative advertisements. The positioning map will be used to select personalized advertisement in real time situation. In this paper, we suggest the detail design of personalized recommendation method using MDS and compare with other approaches (random approach, collaborative filtering, and TOP3 approach)

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1015-1017
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• 2003

Recently, DGPS or RTK-GPS techniques enable us to use satellite based positioning systems with high accuracy. But in urban area, navigation systems suffer from problems such as signal blockage by high-rise buildings, multi-path problems, and so on. So we have to know numbers of visible satellites and quality of signals received at the ground level in urban area as accurate as possible. In this paper, we developed a simulation system called LoQAS [Location service Quality Assessment System, 2002, the University of Tokyo] which can simulate numbers of visible satellites and DOP values using accurate satellite orbital data and 3-D digital map. In this time, we evaluated this system and extended it to deal with reflected signals to assess multi-path problems.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.155-158
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• 2024

Multipath, a major error source in urban GNSS positioning (global navigation satellite system), pose a challenge due to its site-dependent nature, varying with the user's signal reception environment. In our previous study, we introduced a technique generating GNSS multipath map in urban canyon. However, due to uncertainty in initial GNSS positions, applying multipath maps required generating multiple candidate positions. In this study, we present an efficient method for applying multipath maps by projecting the multipath correction in position domain. This approach effectively applies multipath maps, addressing the challenges posed by urban user position uncertainties.