• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of position change from supine to Fowler's on back pain and discomfort in patients who remained on bed rest after undergoing PCIs with a vascular closure device. Methods: Data was collected from 35 inpatients who were hospitalized in coronary-care unit to perform PCIs with a vascular closure device at S hospital in Seoul from December, 2006 to May, 2007. Back pain, discomfort, presence and grade of bleeding and hematoma from femoral arterial puncture site and blood pressure/pulse rate were measured prior to, 10 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after position change. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, $x^2$ tests and t-tests using SPSS/WIN 12.0 for Windows program. The level of significance (${\alpha}$) was set at 0.05 for this study. Results: We found that there was no significant difference in back pain and discomfort in 10 minutes after position change between the two groups. However, the experimental group reported significantly less back pain and discomfort than the control group in 1 hour (p<.01, respectively) and 2 hour (p<.01, respectively) after position change. There was no significant difference in the presence and grade of bleeding and hematoma at the puncture site, blood pressure, and pulse rate in 10 minutes, 1hour and 2hours after position change between the two groups. Conclusion: Fowler's position change after PCIs in, therefore, safe and effective method of reducing back pain and physical discomfort without causing additional bleeding and changes in blood pressure and pulse rate.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.3 s.46
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• pp.587-620
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• 1994

This study was aimed to evaluate the changes in condylar position when severe anterior open bite patients were treated with MEAW. The subjects consisted of 11 patients(21 TMJs) who visited the departement of orthodontics in SNUH, having severe anterior open bite as a chief complain. They were supposed to wear the up and down elastics and MEAW after finishing the leveling. The condylar position was evaluated with individualized corrected tomography in centric occlusion taken before and after treatment. The results were as follows; 1. In the change of condylar position after treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in right and left TMJs. 2. In the change of condylar position after treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in each malocclusion groups. 3. There were no statistically significant differences in percent dispacement of condyle between before and after treatment 4. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of change in condylar change.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2005

Rotor position information is essential in the operation of the switched reluctance motor(SRM) drive for generation the phase current switching signals. When an incremental encoder is used as a rotor position sensor, the initial rotor position can not be detected. Some sensorless rotor position estimation methods also have the same problem. In these systems, to initially align the rotor, the forced alignment method has a delay and reverse rotation before the motor can start. Therefore it can not be acceptable for unidirectional drive systems. So the forced alignment method is not desirable in all drive systems and the research on the SRM drives should be directed to a system without rotor alignment. In this paper, a new detection method of initial rotor position using the rate of change of current is suggested. Firstly, di/dt versus θ/sub R/ reference table, which is the relation between the rate of change of current and rotor position, is generated and then the squared Euclidean distance method is used to estimate the rotor position based on the table. The simulated and experimental results are presented demonstrating the feasibility and accuracy of this method.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.730-737
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to identify the time interval to pressure ulcer and to determine the optimal time interval for position change depending on pressure ulcer risk in patients using foam mattress in intensive care units. Methods: The Braden scale score, occurrence of pressure ulcers and position change intervals were assessed with 56 patients admitted to an intensive care unit from April to November, 2011. The time to pressure ulcer occurrence by Braden scale risk group was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log rank test. Then, the optimal time interval for position change was calculated with ROC curve. Results: The median time to pressure ulcer occurrence was 5 hours at mild or moderate risk, 3.5 hours at high risk and 3 hours at very high risk on the Braden scale. The optimal time interval for position change was 3 hours at mild and moderate risk, 2 hours at high and very high risk of Braden scale. Conclusion: When foam mattresses are used a slight extension of the time interval for position change can be considered for the patients with mild or moderate pressure ulcer risk but not for patients with high or very high pressure ulcer risk by Braden scale.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of position change on the level of comfort and occurrence of bleeding after transarterial chemoembolization. Methods: This study was the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The experimental group was positioned in supine with 15-30 degree Semi-folwer's position for 2 hours and then changed supine position alternatively to 30 degree lateral positioning in turn per hour for 2 hours. For the control group, 6 hour supine positions without any position change were applied. Results: The level of discomfort of the control group was scored higher level than that of the experimental group. There was no significant differences in back pain and the degrees of voiding difficulty. There were no significant differences in the incidence of bleeding complication between the two groups. Conclusion: The position change in patients after transarterial chemoembolization could be applied without any severe side effects such as bleeding complication, but it was revealed to be effective in reducing the level of discomfort.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.209-214
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• 2009

Purpose：The purpose of this study are analysis characteristic of grasping power with each different elbow flexion degree and grasping power with each different elbow each different hand position and announcement. Methods：Measuring about 10cm wide open position with both feet for each elbow in the line positions of the $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$, and forearm position of supination, mid position, pronation is of the order. Results：The averge position of maximal grip strength was $0^{\circ}$ of elbow flexion with mid position in male and $90^{\circ}$ of elbow flexion with mid position in female. Grip strength in change of wrist position according to elbow flexion was significant difference(P<0.05). Grip strength in change of wrist position according to elbow flexion by sex was significant difference(P<0.05) Conclusion：When the elbow has flexion with $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$ then grasping power has a intimate relation with forearm position. Grasping power with forearm supination, pronation and mid position also has a intimate relation with elbow flexion.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1987

Diagnosis and treatment plans of patients are depended on cephalogram in most case. However, conventional cephalogram may change diagnosis because it ignores a conception of natural head position. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of head positions between conventional X-ray taking and x-ray taking in natural head position, and correlation between above results and craniofacial morphology, 60 male students in dental college, Yon sei Univ. were selected, and every cephalogram is studied by comparison of the change of head position. The results are as follows. 1. When taking X-ray by using conventional method, external auditary meatus FH was more tilted than ear rod FM by $2.1^{\circ}{\pm}1.8$ in forward and downward direction. 2. As facial form becomes concave, natural head position and head position, appeared in X-ray taking by using conventional method, become more similiar. 3. Change in head position had showed high correlations with facial form (N-A-Pog angle), and there was high significance to concave group when compared with average group, but significance to convex group was not found. 4. Multiple regression equation concerning change of head position was solved. ${\Delta}FH=24.5\;+\;0.31$ NAPog + 0.43 Prominence of Chin + 0.13 Facial length -0.32 Anterior facial height.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.806-807
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• 2011

This paper presents a new sensorless controller used with both the classical sliding mode observer(SMO) and the rate of current change in order to a reduced torque ripple for switched reluctance motor (SRM) sensorless drives. The new sensorless scheme consists of a sliding mode observer (SMO)-based position sensorless approach for high speeds along with a low-resolution discrete the rate of current change for low speeds and standstill. The new position estimation resets between the SMO and the low-resolution of current change according to the speed sign and the position error difference between the SMO and the low-resolution rate of current change. The simulation results show the robustness of this new high performance sensorless control approach with the hybrid sensorless control topology.

• Maritime Security
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-59
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to clarify why Russia has changed its position on the Caspian Sea Convention to allow cross-Caspian routes. The theory that explains Russia's change of position on Eurasian integration suggests isolation from the West and rising political and economic importance in the Asia-Pacific as cause, but fails to explain the cause of the change in position that could allow Western influence. Thus, this article suggests that a change in Russia's perception on expanding Eurasia's influence as the cause of the change on its position on the Caspian Sea.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2020

Recently the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in students and office workers is increasing, and the necessity of maintaining correct posture and corrective training is required, but related research is insufficient. In the previous study, a membrane sensor or a pressure sensor was placed on the seat cushion to see the deviation of the body weight, or a sensor that restrained the user was attached to measure the position change. In this study, a sensor device for detecting a position change in consideration of wearing comfort was developed, and the measured angle was verified through an analysis app. A sensor device consisting of an IMU sensor is attached to the cervical spine and vertebra spine to measure the position transformation in the sitting position. The change value of the position measured by the two sensors was converted into an angle, and the angle value is displayed in real time through the analysis app. In this study, the possibility of measuring the real-time change value according to the change in position, the convenience of wearing, and the tendency of angle measurement were proved. Future research should proceed with more precise angle calculation and correction of motion noise.