• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.965-973
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• 2015

PEMS(Portable Emissions Measurement System)를 이용한 배기가스 시험절차는 소형 디젤자동차의 실제도로 배출가스를 효과적으로 제어하기 위한 수단으로 최근에 많은 주목을 받고 있으며, 현재의 배기가스 인증규제 시험절차의 제도적 보완장치로 2017년에 한국과 유럽에서 시행될 예정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에 운행 중인 유로 5 소형 디젤자동차 4대에 대한 실제도로 NOx 배출량을 도심, 교외 및 자동차 전용도로에서 측정하였으며, 측정 결과를 이동평균구간 및 가중평균 배출량 방법으로 분석하였다. 시험 차량 및 주행경로에 대한 두 방법의 실제도로 NOx 배출량 분석결과는 유사한 경향을 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 이동평균구간 분석방법의 경우 배출 허용기준을 1.8 ~ 8.5배, 가중평균 배출량은 허용기준을 2.0 ~ 10.6배 초과하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 결과를 바탕으로 실도로 주행 조건에서 NOx 배출량 분석에 대한 기술적 토대를 확보하였고, 향후 배출가스 관리를 위한 정책적 기반 데이터로 활용가능하다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1063-1069
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• 2022

국내 대기오염물질 배출량 통계에 따르면 상당한 대기오염물질이 선박에 의해 발생하고 있다. 따라서 선박으로부터의 대기오염물질 배출 제한과 항만지역 대기질 개선을 위해 다양한 정책들이 시행되고 있고, 국제적으로도 선박에 의한 해양오염 방지를 위해 국제 협약 등이 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 실제 운항하는 선박에서 배출되는 대기오염물질 측정에 관한 연구와 실험은 거의 이루어지고 있지 않아, 본 연구는 이동식배출가스측정장비(PEMS)를 사용하여 실제 운항하는 9,169톤급 선박에서 발생하는 대기오염물질 배출량 평가에 대한 방법과 가능성을 제시하였다. RPM과 부하에 따라 배출량의 차이가 있었으며, NO_X 배출량은 497-2,060ppm, CO₂는 1.55-6.9%, CO는 0.002-0.14% 수준이다. 엔진 제조사에서 제공하는 Shop Test에 명시된 배출량과 실제 측정된 배출량에 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 대상선박의 전 항해구간에서 발생하는 각 대기오염물질 최대 배출량이 PEMS 측정 구간에 포함되는 것을 확인하여, 총톤수 10,000톤급 이내 선박에 PEMS 활용 가능성을 검증하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.562-572
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• 2015

$NO_x$ emissions from diesel vehicles have been regarded as a main cause of high $NO_2$ concentration in metropolitan area. Recent studies have shown that the on-road $NO_x$ emissions of diesel vehicles are quite higher than the emission limits specified with the pre-defined test method for emission certification. To reduce air pollutants effectively, the discrepancy of emissions in certification and real-driving conditions should be tackled. In this study, the real-driving emissions have been estimated with portable emission measurement system (PEMS). The results of this study have shown that the on-road $NO_x$ emissions from diesel vehicles have been decreased as the introduction of stricter emission regulation, EURO-6, but additional reduction should be still required and robust technologies should be applied to control $NO_x$ in real-driving conditions. RDE-LDV (Real Driving Emission - Light Duty Vehicles) test method being developed in the European Union can represent excessive on-road $NO_x$ emissions of diesel vehicles as applied emission technologies and can be a solution to remove discrepant $NO_x$ emissions between certification and Korean real-driving conditions. Among the $NO_x$ reduction technologies for EURO-6 diesel vehicles, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system has shown the better performance than lean $NO_x$ trap (LNT) system to control on-road $NO_x$ emissions. Implementing RDE-LDV will require vehicle manufacturers to adopt the more effective $NO_x$ reduction technology in real driving conditions.

• 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2014

Recently EU has been recognized that there is a difference of emission quantity between emission certification test mode and real-road driving test. Accordingly the European Commission is currently preparing to require real-road testing as part of the passenger car type-approval process in the EU. vehicle manufacturers from 2017 are expected to test new vehicles not only under laboratory conditions but also on the real-road, using PEMS equipment. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the emission and Fuel Economy of CVS-75 mode test using chassis dynamometer and RDE test using PEMS equipment by PHEV passenger car.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2014

차량에 탑재하여 운행 중 배출가스를 측정할 수 있는 이동식 배출가스 장비(PEMS)를 활용한 결함확인검사 방법을 미국은 2007년부터 시행하였고, 유럽은 2013년 EURO6부터 도입할 계획을 수립했다. 따라서 한국도 국내의 대형차 배출가스 관리의 중요성을 고려할 때 PEMS를 활용한 실 도로 주행 특성을 반영한 측정 방법의 도입이 필요한 시점이다. PEM의 다양한 활용 방안을 위하여 도로유형, 매연저감장치 및 공회전제한장치 그리고 에어컨 작동에 따른 배출가스 평가를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 PEMS을 활용한 상용차 결함확인 검사 방법을 분석하여 국내 실정에 적합한 대형차 결함확인 검사제도 시행에 필요한 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2018

Despite the increasingly stringent automotive emissions regulations, the impact of vehicle emissions on air pollution remains large. In addition, since the issue of emission of more exhaust gas than the exhaust gas measured in the test room when the vehicle passing the exhaust gas regulation standard is run on the actual road, many countries studied and introduced gas regulations about Real Driving Emission using Portable Emission Measurement System. At present, Korea regulations restrict the number of NOx and PN in diesel vehicles. In the case of gasoline vehicles, there is no regulation on emission gas, but there is a problem of continuing automobile exhaust gas problems and a large amount of gasoline GDI vehicle's PN emission. So research and interest are increasing due to this problem. In this study, characteristics of exhaust gas depending on changes of ambient temperature were analyzed among various factors affecting exhaust gas measurement of gasoline vehicles. As a result, at the low temperature test, the lower the ambient temperature, the more the exhaust gas was emitted. At ordinary temperature test, no specific tendency was observed due to changes of ambient temperature.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2011

The performance of emission factor has been validated by comparison with on-road test data. Emission factor, which is a function of vehicle speed, has been acquired based on chassis dynamometer test with NIER driving pattern. Portable Emission Measurement System, PEMS has measured on-road emission. Test vehicle was operated on defined test routes under different driving conditions, and made ten trips along its route. Emission factors properly simulate on-road test result, although there is some drawback to consider variety of driving condition on real world. Vehicle specific power and acceleration have been used to explain the distributed on-road result within same vehicle speed range. The trend in carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emission with respect to specific power and acceleration is clear. It has been found that specific power is a good explanatory variable for microscopic analysis for modal test result. Acceleration is good for microscopic as well as macroscopic analysis.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2014

Particle number portable emission measurement system (PN-PEMS) is an instrument for measuring number concentration of automobile exhaust. The principle of some pre-existing commercial PN-PEMS is to charge particles and display the number of particles by measuring current. However, this method has some problems for measuring exhaust. In this study, to solve these issues, we have developed a single particle counting PN-PEMS based condensation particle counter (CPC). The PN-PEMS based CPC does not affect driving conditions and it is convenient for mobile because the instrument is small and light in structure. We evaluated counting efficiency of PN-PEMS based CPC by using electrostatic method (electrometer and Faraday cup).

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2016

Recently, the certification procedure for exhaust emission regulation of LDV has tested with the NEDC mode in the laboratory. But the on-road exhaust emissions exceed the standard emission limits. Therefore, it is important to analyze the real-driving emissions (RDE) with a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). In present study, the on-road emissions were measured with a PEMS and evaluated by moving averaging window (MAW) method. Also, it was compared with the $CO_2$ and $NO_x$ emissions for real-driving and test modes from euro-6 light-duty vehicles equipped with SCR and LNT systems. In results, on-road $NO_x$ emission has been 2.3-10.0 times higher than the standard $NO_x$ emission limit on NEDC mode. The reason was that the test modes did not reflect traffic and various real-driving patterns sufficiently.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2016

To protect air pollution of urban area from motor vehicles, emission limits for diesel vehicles have been dramatically lowered in short period. But recent studies have shown that on-road NOx emissions of light-duty diesel vehicles are considerably higher than the values measured with laboratory test procedures used for emission certification. To tackle with this issue, Ministry of Environment have a plan to introduce EU RDE-LDV (Real-driving Emission-Light-duty Vehicle) regulation. In this study, 4 Euro 6 diesel vehicles have been tested with the new test procedures published by EU to estimate on-road NOx emissions using PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System). The results have shown that the requirements of EU RDE-LDV could be met in driving condition of metropolitan area for constitution of test routes and validity of test results. In analysing with Moving Averaging Window method the completeness and normality of test data were validated with the requirement. On-road NOx emissions were quite deviated as test vehicles and higher than the new limit of on-road NOx emission enforced from Sept. 2017, which means that RDE-LDV can effectively reduce NOx emission of diesel vehicles in real driving conditions of Korea.