• 전기화학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 고체산화물 연료전지의 스택 제조 및 시스템 연구개발의 최근 연구동향을 살펴보았다. 고체산화물 연료전지는 연료의 화학적 에너지를 전기적 에너지로 변환시킬 수 있는 친환경, 고효율의 전기화학장치이다. 고체산화물 연료전지 발전시스템은 응용분야에 따라 중대형 분산발전, 가정용 열병합 발전, 보조전원 및 휴대용 발전 시스템으로 구분할 수 있으며, 10 kW급 이상의 SOFC 발전시스템의 경우 원통형 셀로 구성된 발전시스템이 연구개발의 주를 이루고 있다. 더불어, SOFC 발전시스템 연구개발의 경우 매년 증가하는 세계 전력소비량에 대응하기 위해 발전시장에 진입 가능한 고성능, 장수명의 SOFC 소재 및 발전시스템에 R&D 노력이 집중되고 있다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2003

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells(PEFC) have been considered to be a suitable candidate for residential, portable and mobile applications, due to their high efficiency and power density, even at low operating temperature. KIER developed a 5kW class PEFC system for residential application and operated the system for over 1,000 hours. To develop a 5kW PEFC system, performance of a cell was improved through successive tests of single cell of small and large area. Fabrication of three 2,5 kW class stacks, design and fabrication of natural gas reformer, design of auxiliary equipments such as DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter and humidifying units were carried out along with integration of components, operation and evaluation of total system. During the development period from 1999 to 2001, MEA(membrane electrode assembly) fabrication technologies, design and fabrication technologies for separators, stacking technologies and so on were developed, thereby providing basis for developing stacks of higher efficiency and power density in the future. Experience of development of natural gas reformer opened possibilities to use various kinds of fuels. Main results obtained from the development of a 5kW class PEFC system for residential application are summarized.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.299-310
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• 2009

Fuel cells are expected to be promising future power sources in both aspects of thermal efficiency and environmental friendliness. Accordingly, worldwide research and development efforts have been enormously increasing recently in various applications such as power plants, transportation and portable power sources. Among others, high temperature fuel cells, such as solid oxide fuel cells and molten carbonate fuel cells, are suitable for electric power plants. Moreover, their high operating temperature is quite appropriate to construct further advanced integrated systems. This paper reviews recent literatures on research and development of integrated power generation systems based on high temperature fuel cells. Research and development efforts are summarized in the area of fuel cell/ gas turbine hybrid systems, application of carbon capture technology to fuel cell systems, integration of coal gasification with fuel cells, and the use of alternative fuels.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.981-985
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• 2007

We present a MEMS-based portable Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (micro-DFMC), featured by a platinum sputtered microcolumn electrode and a built-in fuel chamber containing a limited amount of methanol fuel. Also presented is a micro-DMFC stack structure having a common electrolyte sandwiched by the microcolumn electrodes. The single cells with ME16 and PE16 electrodes show the maximum power densities of $31.04{\pm}0.29{\mu}W/cm^2$ and $9.75{\pm}0.29{\mu}W/cm^2$, respectively; thus indicating the microcolumn electrode (ME16) generates the power density (3.2 times) higher than the planar electrode (PE16). The single cell tests of ME16 and ME4 electrodes (Fig.8) show the maximum power of $31.04{\pm}0.29{\mu}W/cm^2$, and $25.23{\pm}2.7{\mu}W/cm^2$, respectively; thus demonstrating the increased window frame reduces the normalized standard power deviation (standard deviation over the average power). The normalized deviation of 0.11 in ME4 cell has been reduced to 0.01 in ME16 cell due to the increased window frames. The maximum power density of 4-cell stack is 15.7 times higher than that of the single cell. 4-cell stack produces the power capacity of 20.3mWh/g during 980min operation at the voltage of 450mV with the load resistance of $800{\Omega}$.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2014

Fuel cells of proton exchange membrane type (PEMFC) working with hydrogen in the anode and ambient air in the cathode ('air breathing') have been prepared and characterized. The cells have been studied with variable thickness of the cathode catalyst layer ($L_{CL}$), maintaining constant the platinum and ionomer loads. Polarization curves and electrochemical active area measurements have been carried out. The polarization curves are analyzed in terms of a model for a flooded passive air breathing cathode. The analysis shows that $L_{CL}$ affects to electrochemical kinetics and mass transport processes inside the electrode, as reflected by two parameters of the polarization curves: the Tafel slope and the internal resistance. The observed decrease in Tafel slope with decreasing $L_{CL}$ shows improvements in the oxygen reduction kinetics which we attribute to changes in the catalyst layer structure. A decrease in the internal resistance with $L_{CL}$ is attributed to lower protonic resistance of thinner catalyst layers, although the observed decrease is lower than expected probably because the electronic conduction starts to be hindered by more hydrophilic character and thicker ionomer film.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.311-314
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• 2009

Recently by the development of the electronic engineering technology various mobile devices are developed. But their operation time need to be extended although capacity of the batteries are limited. We focused our attention to the portable SOFC system. Because SOFC has the high efficiency and a lot of strongness in comparison with other kinds of fuel cells, We evaluated hydrogen fed SOFC 50W system theoretically and got the results about the operating condition range from the comparison of the power efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, required heat for maintaining the operation temperature and operation time.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.113-116
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• 2007

The fuel cell which converts directly chemical energy of fuel into electric energy has higher efficiency than the conventional power generation which involves several additional processes. Especially, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) of which the electrolyte is a thin proton conductive polymer membrane is affordable for portable power applications and small-scale distributed power generation including household and small building. It is very important to not only increase the efficiency of FC itself but determine the optimal operation mode. The optimal operational planning of lkW household PEMFC system based on the daily electricity and heat demand patterns was performed. The estimated economic gain was up to 20% by adoption of PEMFC system.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1123-1130
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• 2006

This study discusses about research efforts of hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon(e.g., diesel, gasoline, natural gas, and LPG), especially, butane reforming by using Autothermal Reforming Reaction (ATR) technology. Several catalysts were selected for butane ATR. Thermodynamic reactor conditions (temperature, $O_2$/C, S/C) are varied and reforming characteristics of 2 catalysts (Pt and Rh on ceramic supports) and 1 commercial catalyst (FCR-HC35) have been examined. To understand reaction behaviors in an ATR reactor comprehensively, temperature profiles of reactor were observed. By mass transfer limitation, fuel conversion decreases when GHSV increases. Significant temperature variation along the reactor was observed and it was mainly due reaction kinetics difference between exothermic oxidation and endothermic reforming reaction.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.583-591
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• 2008

최근 휴대용 전자기기 수요의 급증에 따라 기존에 사용되던 2차 전지를 대체할 수 있는 친환경 고효율 연료전지 개발의 필요성이 증대되었다. 이러한 목적으로 개미산을 연료로 이용하는 직접 개미산 연료전지가 부각되고 있다. 식품첨가물로 사용될 정도의 안정성, 전해질을 통과하는 연료의 최소화된 crossover, 큰 기전력 발생에 의한 반응활성 최대화 등이 개미산이 가지고 있는 고유의 장점들이며, 이와 더불어 반응 촉매 및 전지 디자인을 최적화 하려는 노력에 의해 직접 개미산 연료전지의 성능 및 안정성이 향상되고 있다. 이러한 개발을 통해 현재까지 약 $300mW/cm^2$ 이상의 전력밀도를 나타내는 전지 개발이 이루어졌다. 본 총설에서는 개미산 연료전지의 기본 구동 원리와 전지 구조에 대한 소개 및 직접 개미산 연료전지 성능 향상에 영향을 미치는 인자들인 연료극 촉매 및 전해질 개발, 최적화된 전지 구조 디자인 등의 개발 현황 및 앞으로 나아갈 방향에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.955-961
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• 2009

현재 소형 휴대용 배터리의 용량 증가에 따라 배터리 부피가 커지는 문제를 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 직접 메탄올 연료전지가 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. 본 논문에서는 직접 메탄올 연료전지를 상온 상태에서 자연 대류 방식으로 공기를 공급하고, 메탄올의 농도와 유량의 변화에 대한 특성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 저 농도의 메탄올에서는 수소 이온의 확산 속도 지연에 따른 분극현상이 발생하였고, 메탄올의 공급량이 높을수록 전지 Cell의 냉각 효과가 발생하여 출력이 감소한다.