• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.478-484
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• 2013

Recently, the risk of safety accidents in the coastal zone has been increased due to revitalization of marine leisure and tourism. Because of a lack of regulations about technical and maintenance aspect for safety facilities, the effective measures to prevent safety accidents in the coastal zone have not taken with increasing rate of the accidents. The nature of land/sea and behavioral characteristics of a fisherman/port laborer/tourist/people at leisure should be taken into account properly when safety facilities to prevent safety accidents in the coastal zone are installed, since the characteristics of land/sea and many activities such as fishery, harbor works, tour, leisure are mixed in the geographic and environmental condition of the coastal zone. This study analyzes the current problems on the safety facility in the domestic coastal zone through the domestic and foreign(Hongkong, Macau) field survey. Also the direction of the improvement about the safety facility are proposed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.3 s.99
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• pp.257-262
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• 2005

Environmental problems and safety problems in coastal area is one of the most important factors for designing coastal structures and maintaining facilities in coastal zone. And thus study on Wave transformation around coastal area is very important to develope a new port or on industrial area. Delft 3D-WAVE is applied to Ulsan new port area and the culculated results are analysed and compared with measured data Delft 3D-wave module is based on SWAN model which considers wave shoaling and refraction for irregular wave. This module also covers wind effect, bottom friction. white-capping and wave breaking effect. The results of this study show a good agreement with measured data and thus Delft 3D-WAVE module can be applied to simulate irregular wave transformation in coastal area.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.660-667
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• 2000

In order to investigate the exhaust structure and secondary oxidation of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) in the exhaust port, concentrations of individual HC species were measured in exhaust process, the degree of oxidation were obtained. Using a solenoid-driven fast sampling system on single-cylinder research engine fueled with 94% propane, the profiles of unburned hydrocarbons (HCs) and non-fuel HCs with a propane fueled engine were obtained from several locations in the exhaust port during the exhaust process. The sampled gases were analyzed using a gas chromatography of HC species with 4 or lesser carbon atoms. The change of total HC concentration and HC fractions of major components through the exhaust port were discussed. The results showed that non-uniform distribution of HC concentration existed around the exhaust valve and changed with time, and that the exhaust gas exhibited nearly uniform concentration profile at port exit, which was due to mixing and oxidation. Also it could be known that bulk gas with relatively high HC concentration came out through the bottom of the exhaust valve. To estimate the mass-based degree of HC oxidation in the exhaust port from measured HC concentrations, a 3-zone diagnostic cycle simulation and plug flow modeling were used. The degree of oxidation ranged between 26 % and 36 % corresponding to the engine operation conditions.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.18-27
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• 2006

Air Sparging (IAS, AS) is a ground-water remediation technique, in which organic contaminants are volatilized into air as they rise from saturated to vadose soil zone. This study was conducted to investigate the variation characteristics of TPH, VOCs and $CO_2$ for air sparging of diesel contaminated saturated soil. Initial TPH concentration was 10,000 mg/kg for saturated soil phase and 1,001 mg/L for soil aquifer phase. After 36 days of air sparging, the equilibrium temperature of 2-Dimension experiment system was $24.9{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$. The saturated soil TPH concentration (in the C10 port close to air diffuser) was reduced to 66.0% of the initial value. The mass amount of $CO_2$ was 3,800 mg and 3,200 mg in air space (C70 port) and in unsaturated soil zone (C50 port), respectively. The VOCs production kinetic parameter was 0.164/day in the air space (C70 port) and 0.182/day in the unsaturated soils (C50 port).

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

The present study aimed to derive decision factors for residency in the hinterland of Incheon New Port that is undergoing the development of port hinterlands and changes in leasing methods considered from the perspective of companies and analyze the priorities of determinants for residency through Fuzzy-AHP in order to present a direction to activate companies entries into the hinterland of Incheon New Port. When the comprehensive rankings of determinants for residency in the hinterland of Incheon New Port, rent levels among cost factors took the highest ranking with a value of 10.2% followed by the throughput of the port among market factors with a value of 8.2%, the scale of the market on the background with a value of 7.3%,, reduction in inland transport costs among cost factors with a value of 7.1%, connectivity to inland transportation networks among locational factors with a value of 6.7%, and designation as a free trade zone and the scale with a value of 6.4%. When seen from the viewpoint of companies to determine whether to move into the hinterland of Incheon New Port, the rent level should be provided to be more attractive compared to the hinterlands of ports in other regions. In addition, inland transportation costs which are a matter of the most serious concern of shippers in the capital region should be reduced and sea routes that can directly connect Incheon New Port to US ports and European ports should be opened.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.13-21
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• 2023

In this study, the coastal airborne chlorides were investigated in the Incheon Port, South Korea. Monthly measurements of coastal airborne chlorides were taken for a total of 2 years from September 2021 to August 2023 at 15 locations in North, South, and New Port. We analyzed the distribution characteristics of airborne chloride based on port facilities and measurement environments, as well as the reduction characteristics of the airborne chloride with respect to coastal distance. As a result, the monthly distribution range of the airborne chloride in the North, South, and New Port varied similarly, ranging from 0.4 to 3.3 mdd. Due to the influence of seasonal winds considering the direction of the coastline, both the North Port and South Port had higher the airborne chloride in winter, while the New Port had higher content in summer. The airborne chlorides were higher at locations inside an inland sea compared to those outside an inland sea. This is because the wind coming from the sea passed through the inland sea. Even in the same region with identical coastal distances, there were variations in airborne chloride levels depending on the height above the ground. In tidal zone, the monthly airborne chlorides were significantly higher in the lower part than in the upper part. The rate of decrease equation of airborne chlorides for each port based on the distance from the coastline was derived, and the results showed that as the distance from the coastline increased, the rate of decrease in airborne chlorides was the highest for New Port and the lowest for South Port.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.57-60
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• 2004

Evaluating the risk of collision quantitatively plays a key role in developing the expert system of navigation and collision avoidance. This study analysed thoroughly how to determine the thresholds as described in the new evaluation of collision risk using sech function, and developed the appropriate equation as applicable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.446-450
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• 2002

Pneumatic system has been mainly used as main equipment for actuation and control of compressed air force in manufacturing industry, pneumatic circuit for the most part is used in Meter-Out circuit. Meter-Out circuit method is Flow Control Valve to fit in exhaust part of cylinder port. In the reverse, Meter-In circuit is Flow Control Valve to fit in input part of cylinder port. This study examines the dynamic characteristics comparison of Meter-In and Meter-Out Circuits in the pneumatic circuits. The results of the experimental research are obtained to the followings: i ) System Response is Meter-In Circuit more than Meter-Out one before cushion zone. ii) we conjectured that the collision of piston and head cover is ease to collide Meter-In Circuit more than Meter-Out one at the stroke end part.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.573-575
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• 2012

기존 RADAR 기반의 VTS에 AIS를 연계 집약하면서 예측 불가능한 데이터 전송률에도 동일선박으로부터의 AIS 및 RADAR 데이터는 상관관계를 유지하면서 물표에 대한 Tracking이 지속적으로 이루어져야 하지만 AIS 신호 Lost시 RADAR Tracking 자동 전환이 안 되는 경우가 많이 발생하고 있다. 또한 3개의 VTS 모니터 화면에 각각 다른 Scale과 다른 관제구역이 디스플레이 됨으로써 특히 모니터 가장자리 부근의 관제구역은 사각지대로 관제사의 집중도가 떨어질 수밖에 없다. 이러한 문제점들은 관제사의 Traffic Image구성 및 Situational Awareness를 방해하는 요소로 작용하며 사고의 개연성을 높이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 VTS 모니터상의 화면 재구성 방법을 통해서 관제사의 SA를 돕고, AIS-RADAR Tracking 알고리즘 보완을 통한 Target Tracking의 안정성을 확보하고, 교육 훈련을 통해서 AIS특성과 Error현상에 대한 관제사들이 충분히 이해하도록 하여 관제업무의 향상을 기하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.195-206
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• 1998

By the rapid expansion of containerization and intermodal transportation in international shipping since the 1970's, the larger containerships have emerged and concentrated their calls at a limited number of ports. Moreover, large-scale container terminals have been built to accommodate the ever-larger containerships, and the mordernization of terminal facilities and many developments in information technology etc. have been brought out. Thus, unlimited competition has been imposed on every terminal with neighbouring ports in Japan, Singapore, Hongkong and Taiwan etc. The purpose of this study is to suggest how the container terminal operators cope with unlimited competition between local or foreign terminals. The results are suggested as follows: First, transshipment cargoes, which the added value is high, is to be induced. Second, the function of storage is given on On-Dock Yard. Third, Berth Pool Operation System is to be introduced, especially in Gamman Container Terminal and Kwangyang Container Terminal. Fourth, the cargo handling charges is to be decided by terminal operator.