• 제목/요약/키워드: Porous carbon electrode

검색결과 108건 처리시간 0.03초

Embedding Cobalt Into ZIF-67 to Obtain Cobalt-Nanoporous Carbon Composites as Electrode Materials for Lithium ion Battery

  • Zheng, Guoxu;Yin, Jinghua;Guo, Ziqiang;Tian, Shiyi;Yang, Xu
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.458-464
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    • 2021
  • Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is a kind of rechargeable secondary battery, developed from lithium battery, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes to realize the charging and discharging of external circuits. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are porous crystalline materials in which organic imidazole esters are cross-linked to transition metals to form a framework structure. In this article, ZIF-67 is used as a sacrificial template to prepare nano porous carbon (NPC) coated cobalt nanoparticles. The final product Co/NPC composites with complete structure, regular morphology and uniform size were obtained by this method. The conductive network of cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon can shorten the lithium ion transport path and present high conductivity. In addition, amorphous carbon has more pores that can be fully in contact with the electrolyte during charging and discharging. At the same time, it also reduces the volume expansion during the cycle and slows down the rate of capacity attenuation caused by structure collapse. Co/NPC composites first discharge specific capacity up to 3115 mA h/g, under the current density of 200 mA/g, circular 200 reversible capacity as high as 751.1 mA h/g, and the excellent rate and resistance performance. The experimental results show that the Co/NPC composite material improves the electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of the electrode. The cobalt based ZIF-67 as the precursor has opened the way for the design of highly performance electrodes for energy storage and electrochemical catalysis.

Electrosorption of Uranium Ions in Liquid Waste

  • Lee, Hye-Young;Jung, Chong-Hun;Oh, Won-Zin;Park, Jin-Ho;Shul, Yong-Gun
    • Carbon letters
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.64-68
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    • 2003
  • A study on the electrosorption of uranium ions onto a porous activated carbon fiber (ACF) was performed to treat uraniumcontaining lagoon sludge. The result of the continuous flow-through cell electrosorption experiments showed that the applied negative potential increased the adsorption kinetics and capacity in comparison to the open-circuit potential (OCP) adsorption for uranium ions. Effective U(VI) removal is accomplished when a negative potential is applied to the activated carbon fiber (ACF) electrode. For a feed concentration of 100 mg/L, the concentration of U(VI) in the cell effluent is reduced to less than 1 mg/L. The selective removal of uranium ions from electrolyte was possible by the electrosorption process.

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Ultrathin graphene-like 2D porous carbon nanosheets and its excellent capacitance retention for supercapacitor

  • Gopalakrishnan, Arthi;Badhulika, Sushmee
    • Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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    • 제68권
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    • pp.257-266
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    • 2018
  • Here, a controlled green synthesis route involving hydrothermal pre-carbonization cum pyrolysis is reported that converts cucumber into graphene-like carbon nanosheets for supercapacitor application. Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the formation of ultra-thin carbon nanosheets with distributed pores. This cucumber derived carbon exhibits high specific capacitance of $143F\;g^{-1}$ in aqueous electrolyte. The two-electrode symmetric cell exhibits a specific capacitance of $58F\;g^{-1}$ at high current density, and high capacitance retention of 97% after 1000 cycles. This simple low-cost process involving widely available cucumber as biomass precursor is a promising, commercially viable approach for developing high-performance supercapacitors.

직접메탄올 연료전지용 다층스택의 성능특성 (Performance of multi-cell stack for direct methanol fuel cells)

  • 이창형;정두환;김창수;신동열
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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    • pp.1870-1872
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    • 1999
  • Performance of 20-cell stack for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was tested at constant temperature. Electrode evaluation used to the stack was tested by the performance of a single cell. A new composite electrode prepared from active carbon cloth and high porous active carbon was developed for hydrophilic layer of the cell. Characteristics of a single cell using the composite electrode showed the current density of $500mA/cm^2$ at the cell voltage of 0.4V at $120^{\circ}C$. For the operating of 20 days. the cell voltage at constant cell current densty of $100mA/cm^2$ was slightly reduced from 0.62V to 0.53V with the cell voltage decay rate of 14.5%. Power of 20-cell stack at 5.3V, $100^{\circ}C$ was about 180W.

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전기이중층 커패시터용 내재적 미세 다공성 고분자 기반 3차원 다공성 탄소 전극 (Intrinsic Porous Polymer-derived 3D Porous Carbon Electrodes for Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Applications)

  • 한재희;서동학;김태호
    • 공업화학
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.759-764
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    • 2018
  • 내재적 미세 다공성 고분자(polymer of intrinsic microporosity, PIM-1)를 사용하여 빈용매 유도 상전이법으로부터 3차원 다공성 구조를 가지는 필름을 형성하고, 이를 탄화하여 3차원 다공성 탄소(cNPIM)를 제조하였다. 전자주사현미경 분석을 통해 상전이 공정을 적용한 탄소소재가 마이크로, 메조, 매크로 기공을 모두 가지면서 서로 연결된 계층적 3차원 다공구조를 나타냄을 확인하였다. 특히 상전이 공정의 용매의 함량비를 조절함으로써 기공구조를 제어할 수 있었으며, 결과적으로 평균 0.75 nm의 기공 크기와 $2101.1m^2/g$의 높은 비표면적을 가지면서 약 30%의 메조, 마크로 기공구조를 겸비한 최적화된 다공성 탄소 전극을 제조할 수 있었다. 제조된 3차원 다공성 탄소소재를 전기이중층 캐퍼시터용 전극물질로 사용하여 수계전해질에서 측정한 결과, 높은 비표면적을 가지는 탄소 소재 내의 비약적 이온 이동속도 향상 효과로 높은 비축전용량(304.8 F/g@10 mV/s)과 우수한 충 방전 속도(77% 용량유지율@100 mV/s)를 나타내었다.

탄소에어로젤 복합전극의 전기용량적 탈이온 공정 특성 (Characteristics of Capacitive Deionization Process using Carbon Aerogel Composite Electrodes)

  • 이기택;조원일;조병원
    • 전기화학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.77-81
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    • 2005
  • 전기화학적으로 이온을 흡착시켜 이온을 제거하는 capacitive deionization(CDI)공정용 전극으로 탄소에어로젤에 실리카젤이 첨가된 다공성 탄소에어로젤 복합전극을 사용하여 1,000ppm NaCl수용액에서 탈염 특성에 대한 충전과 방전시 시간에 따른 전류 변화, CDI효율을 조사하였다. Paste rolling법으로 제조된 $10\times10cm^2$다공성 탄소에어로젤 복합전극은 촉매 분야에서 활용되고 있는 다공성 지지체인 실리카젤을 첨가함으로써 CDI 반응진행에 대한 전극활물질 탈락이 없이 전극의 성형성이 크게 향상되었고, 친수성과 전극의 기계적 강도 증가 및 CDI 효율을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 이러한 45개의 전극을 하나의 묶음으로 네 개의 단을 직렬연결 하여, CDI 시스템을 구성하였고 충전 시에는 1.2V, 방전 시에는 0.001V를 각각 10분간 인가하여 실험한 결과 $99\%$ 이상의 CDI 효율을 달성하였다.

전기적 흡 . 탕착에 의한 제염폐액의 정화처리기술 (The Purification of Decontamination Liquid Waste by Electrosorption)

  • 정종헌;문제권;김규남;이성호;이상문
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 1999
  • 화학제염이나 전지화학제염을 통해 발생된 방사성 폐액을 정화처리할 수 있는 새로운 방법으로, 다공성 활성탄소섬유(ACF)상에서 폐액중 코발트이온의 전기적 흡·탈착에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 회전원판 전극을 사용하여 순환전압전류법으로 전기이중층 충전만이 발생하는 전위 영역을 조사하였다. ACF 전극을 사용한 회분식 전기흡착 실험결과, 음의 전위 가용은 저위 미가용 시의 흡착에 비해 코발트이온의 흡착을 증가시켰다. 또한 흡착된 코발트 이온은 역전된 가용전위에 의해 용액으로 용출되었으며 이와 동시에 탄소체 전극이 재생되어, 전기흡착 공정의 가역성을 확인 할 수 있었다.

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Bar-Coating 방법으로 제조한 직접메탄올 연료전지 MEA의 성능 (Performance of Membrane Electrode Assembly for DMFC Prepared by Bar-Coating Method)

  • 강세구;박영철;김상경;임성엽;정두환;장재혁;백동현
    • 전기화학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2008
  • 직접메탄올 연료전지 (DMFC)의 핵심 구성 요소 중에서 하나는 고분자 전해질막과 촉매층 (연료극과 공기극)으로 구성된 전해질/전극 접합체 (MEA)이다. 그중에서 촉매층은 브러싱법, 전시법, 스프레이 코팅법, 스크린 프린팅법과 같은 다양한 방법을 사용하여 carbon paper나 carbon cloth등과 같은 전극 지지체 위에 코팅한다. 그러나 이러한 촉매 코팅방법들은 전극 지지체 위에 촉매를 균일한 두께로 코팅하기 어렵고, 촉매의 손실이 많으며, 또한 코팅 시간이 많이 필요하다는 단점들이 있다. 본 연구에서는 DMFC용 MEA의 전극층을 바코팅 방법 (bar-coating method)을 사용하여 한 번에 원하는 양의 촉매가 코팅되도록 제조하였다. 이렇게 제조한 전극 촉매층 표면과 단면의 형태를 SEM을 사용하여 관찰하였다. 제조한 MEA의 성능과 저항은 단위전지와 임피던스 분석기를 사용하여 측정하였다.

Preparation of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanowire Arrays by Carbonization of Mussel-inspired Polydopamine

  • Oh, Youngseok;Lee, Jea Uk;Lee, Wonoh
    • Composites Research
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.132-137
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    • 2016
  • Based on mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA), a novel technique to fabricate carbon nanowire (CNW) arrays is presented for a possible use of porous carbon electrode in electrochemical energy storage applications. PDA can give more porosity and nitrogen-doping effect to carbon electrodes, since it has high graphitic carbon yield characteristic and rich amine functionalities. Using such outstanding properties, the applicability of PDA for electrochemical energy storage devices was investigated. To achieve this, the decoration of the CNW arrays on carbon fiber surface was performed to increase the surface area for storage of electrical charge and the chemical active sites. Here, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire (NW) arrays were hydrothermally grown on the carbon fiber surface and then, PDA was coated on ZnO NWs. Finally, high temperature annealing was performed to carbonize PDA coating layers. For higher energy density, manganese oxide ($MnO_x$) nanoparticles (NPs), were deposited on the carbonized PDA NW arrays. The enlarged surface area induced by carbon nanowire arrays led to a 4.7-fold enhancement in areal capacitance compared to that of bare carbon fibers. The capacitance of nanowire-decorated electrodes reached up to $105.7mF/cm^2$, which is 59 times higher than that of pristine carbon fibers.

A New Porous Carbon via an Exfoliation of n-Octylammonium Tetrachloroferrate(III)-Graphite Intercalation Complex

  • 권채원;김동훈;최진호
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제19권10호
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    • pp.1113-1116
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    • 1998
  • A new graphite intercalation compound (GIC), n-octylammonium tetrachlorofeffate(Ⅲ)-graphite, has been derived from well-known ferric chloride graphite intercalation compound. X-ray diffration study shows that the basal spacing of this new GIC is 20.8 Å. In order to investigate the local geometry around the iron atom in the graphite layers, X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments were performed. The first discharge capacity of its exfoliated form is found to be 862 mAh/g, which is more than double the value of pristine graphite (384 mAh/g). Such a drastic increase implies that the exfoliated graphite is a promising electrode material.