• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.767-775
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• 2023

This study was conducted to lay the foundation for considering the qualitative aspects of environmental resources by calculating the weight of each environmental resource to calculate the total amount of environmental resources in Jeju. By comparing and analyzing the results of the expert survey conducted in 2011 and the results of the expert survey conducted in 2011 and 2022, changes in experts' perceptions and implications over time were derived. In addition, based on the results of the recent survey, the weight according to the relative importance was calculated to lay the foundation for calculating the total amount of environmental resources in Jeju. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data necessary for the successful institutionalization of the total environmental resource system by providing a scientific basis for the calculation of the total environmental resource. As a result of comparing the survey conducted in 2011 to the survey conducted in 2022 to establish a total environmental resource management plan in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, there was a difference in the relative importance of the environmental resource category. Although the ranking between categories did not change, it was confirmed that the relative importance of the natural and local resource environment decreased and the relative importance of the living environment field increased significantly. Over time, the importance of plants and wildlife increased, the importance of landscapes and topographic geology decreased, the importance of wetlands and caves increased, and the importance of Gotjawal, natural monuments, and cultural history decreased. In the living environment category, the importance of water pollution increased significantly, and in the humanities and social environment category, the importance of population increased and the importance of industry decreased. It is judged that most changes in item importance are largely influenced by changes in the background of the times and overall perception. It was confirmed that the importance of plants, wildlife, wetlands, and caves with relatively high awareness and the importance of water pollution, which is emerging as a regional problem, have all increased significantly due to structural problems of population age.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.174-184
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• 2010

Objectives: This study shows the issues that should be considered when applying standardized rates using Community Health Survey(CHS) data. Methods: We analyzed 2008 CHS data. In order to obtain the reliability of standardized rates, we calculated z-score and rank correlation coefficients between direct standardized rate and indirect standardized rate for 31 major indices. Especially, we assessed the change of correlations according to population composition (age and sex), and characteristics of the index. We used Mantel-Haenszel chi-square to quantify the difference of population composition. Results: Among 31 major indices, 29 indices' z-score and rank correlation coefficients were over 0.9. However, regions with larger differences in population composition showed lower reliability. Low reliability was also observed for the indices specific to subgroups with small denominator such as 'permanent lesion from stroke', and the index with large regional variations in age-related differences such as 'obtaining health examinations'. Conclusions: Standardized rates may have low reliability, if comparison is made between areas with extremely large differences in population composition, or for indicies with large regional variations in age-related differences. Therefore, the special features of standardized rates should be considered when health state are compared among areas.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.71-96
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• 2009

본 연구는 1980년대 이후부터 2000년대 초반까지 우리나라에서 이루어진 과거 인구추계의 정확성을 분석하였다. 인구추계의 정확성 평가대상으로는 총인구와 연령대별 인구뿐만 아니라 합계출산율과 기대수명과 같은 인구변동 요인들 또한 검토하였다. 총인구 예측의 정확성과 관련하여 전반적인 분석결과는 우리나라 과거 인구추계에서 정확성 향상의 뚜렷한 패턴이 관측되지 않음을 보여 주었다. 연령대별 예측의 경우 연소 인구와 노인 인구의 예측에서 상대적으로 큰 오차가 발생하였으며, 생산가능인구의 예측은 상대적으로 정확성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 인구변동 요인들에 대한 예측의 경우 전반적으로 합계출산율은 과대 추정의 문제를 그리고 기대수명의 경우 과소 추정의 문제를 지속적으로 보였다. 분석 결과는 또한 인구변동 요인들 중 합계출산율 예측에서 발생한 오차가 기대수명 예측에서 발생한 오차에 비해 큰 것으로 나타남으로써 행동적 요소의 영향을 강하게 받는 변수의 경우 예측에 있어서 상대적으로 큰 어려움이 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1115-1128
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• 2011

절사표본 설계는 관심변수의 분포가 오른쪽으로 치우쳐진 경우에 모집단 일부를 표본조사에서 제외시켜 조사의 효율을 높이는 방법이다. 그러나 전체 모집단의 총합 추정을 위해서는 버려진 절사 층에 관한 추론이 필요하게 된다. 기존에 사용하고 있는 많은 방법들은 절사층에서 표본조사를 하지 않고 알려진 보조정보와 조사자료를 이용하여 절사층 총합을 추정하며 이를 이용하여 전체 모집단의 총합을 추정한다. 본 논문에서는 절사층을 완전히 표본 층에서 제거하지 않고 조사의 편리성 및 효율성을 고려하여 최소의 표본을 추출한 후 모집단 전체 총합을 추정하는 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 모의실험을 통하여 제안된 추정법과 기존 방법의 우수성을 비교하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2014

We report on the optical spectroscopic analysis of a Low Luminosity Quasi Stellar Objects (LLQSOs) sample at $z{\leq}0.06$ based on the Hamburg/ESO QSO survey (HES). To better relate the low-redshift Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) to the QSO population it is important to study samples of the latter type at a level of detail similar to that of the low-redshift AGN. Powerful QSOs, however, are absent at low redshifts due to evolutionary effects and their small space density. Our understanding of the (distant) QSO population is, therefore, significantly limited by angular resolution and sensitivity. The LLQSOs presented here offer the possibility to study the faint end of this population at smaller cosmological distances and, therefore, in greater detail. This, in turn, provides information about the key ingredients with respect to fueling and feedback of QSOs, and their relative importance/strength. Here, we present results of the analysis of visible wavelength spectroscopy provided by the HES and the 6 Degree Field Galaxy Survey (6dFGS). Interesting differences in the taxonomy of the sources having both types of spectra have been noticed and will be discussed.

• 한국인구학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.42-52
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• 1986

An attempt had been made to obtain current information on induced abortion among currently married women aged 15 to 44. The source of data was 1985 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey conducted by Korea Institute for Population and Health in may 1985. 1. At the time of the survey, 53 percent of currently married women aged 15 to 44 had experienced induced abortion: 25.5 percent of the respondents who had experienced induced abortion only one time and another 27.6 percent more than two times. 2. The proportion of women who had experienced induced abortion seemed to increase according to the advance in age. It seemed that there was no significant difference in the experience rate of induced abortion by academic career, and there was inverse relationship between the experience rate of induced abortion and the age at first marriage. The experience rate if induced abortion by the number of living children was highest among those who had three children as 65.6 percent. 3. To analyze the effect of induced abortion on fertility, this study employed multiple regression analysis as a statistical technique. Instead of index representing fertility level the number of living children served as dependent variable. Independent variables used in analysis included age, age at first marriage, education level, ideal number of children, religion, frequency of induced abortion, total number of pregnancies and participation in labor force. Standardized partial regression coefficient of induced abortion was no less than -0.61. So, it can be concluded that induced abortion offered the great contribution on the birth control. A consistant health education and efficient management of family planning program would be essential for effectiveness of contraceptive practice.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the trend of overseas school health indicators and to investigate indicators comparable internationally. Methods: Using the key words, school, health, indicators and policy through formal literature and web sites, the resources were used after the completeness of resources such as the presence of author, year published and place, and reproducibility was evaluated. Results: In overseas, the interest of school health indicators has increased gradually since 1960. Quality indicators as well as quantitative indicators are important as the good school health indicators. The overseas school health indicators have been very comprehensive, not only including students, but also including the expanded population such as school personnel, parents, family and community, process and outcomes, policies, social and cultural environment. The trend of school health research is from traditional issue-based to indicatorbased which makes comprehensive interpretation including development of school health service and life satisfaction. Among internationally comparable indicators, Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) and Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) were chiefly for students' health and behavior level, and the School Health Service Survey (SHS) was for school health service personnel and policy. Conclusion: Characteristics of overseas school health indicators were expanded population, and comprehensive and internationally comparable indicators. Therefore, Korea school health indicators need to be comprehensive using expanded population and qualitative indicators, and consider standardized indicators comparable internationally.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2023

Objectives: While older adults using community care services are known to be vulnerable for depression, community care utilization (CCU) may help to improve the mental health of these elderly. To date, however, it is much less clear how CCU affects depressive symptoms in the elderly population. This study focuses on the trajectory of depressive symptoms across years of CCU among older adults in Korea. Methods: Using the 2006-2019 Korean Welfare Panel Survey, this study is focused on elderly born in 1940 or earlier and selected 3281 persons for baseline interviews in 2006. This consisted of 35 800 person-year observations during a period of 14 years. Panel data analysis were employed to construct years of CCU. Results: After controlling for covariates, linear term of years using community care was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, but a quadratic term was positively significant. The trajectory of depressive symptoms across the years of CCU follows a U-shaped curve. Older adults in the first year of using community care reported the highest level of depressive symptoms. However, a significant and steady decrease in depressive symptoms was observed during the following 9 years of CCU, which then gradually increased. The level of depressive symptoms at the 14th year of using community care remains significantly lower than the level at the outset of its utilization. Conclusions: This finding implies that CCU could be beneficial for improving mental health among older adults.

• 한국인구학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.125-139
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• 1993

Korea has successfully achieved a lowered fertility level owing to the strong population control policy and effective family planning program. Along with fertility decline and decreased number of children in family, average number of household members has decreased and nontraditional households such as one person household and households composed of unrelated individuals have prolifirated, even though the absolute number of them are found minimal in Korea. However in recent years several data and survey results suggest that one person households are gradually in the increasing trend. The study aimed at investigating the real state of one person households in Korea and next analyzing the proportional distribution of one person households by a few socioeconomic characteristics, thus providing basic for eatablishing far-singhted population and social welfare policy in the future. Korea has experienced high growth rate of economy through government-led development plans starting from the 1960s. During the past three decades, Korea has shifted from the agricultural state to the industrialized one. In compliance with the economic growth, urbanization and industrialization have brought about rural-to-urban migration and a great bulk of young population migrated to urban areas, who are seeking for educational and job opportunities. Korean society has also been under drastic change in every aspect of life involving norms, tradition, and attitude, etc. Therefore, in spite of the prejudice on 'living alone' still remaining, young people gradually leave parents and home, and further form nontraditional households in urban areas. Current increase in the number of one person households is partly attributable to the increase in high female educational attainment and female participation in economic activities. As the industrial structure in Korea changes from primary into secondary and tertiary industries, job opportunities for service/sales and manufacturing are opened to young female labor force in the process of industrialization. Contrary to the formation of one person households by young people, the aged single households are composed when children in family leave one by one because of marriage, education, employment. In particular, a higher proportion of aged female single households occur in rural areas due to the mortality difference by sex. Based on the data released form the 1990 Population and Housing Census and National Fertility and Family Health Survey in 1985 and 1991, the study tried to examine the state of one person households in Korea. According to Census data, the number of one person households increased to 1, 021, 000 in 1990, comprising 9.0 percent of total households. And the survey reveal that among total 11, 540 households, 8.0 percent, 923 households, are composed of one person households. Generally, the proportion of female single households is greater than that of male ones, and a big proportion of one person households is concentrated in the 25-34 age bracket in urban areas and 65 years and more in rural areas. It is shown than one person householders in urban areas have higher educational attainment with 59.2 percent high schooling and over in 1991, Job seeking proved to be the main reason for leaving home and forming one person households. The number of young female single households with higher education and economic self-reliance are found nil and the study did not allow to analyze the causal realtionship between female education and employment and one person household formation. However more research and deep analysis on the causal facors on one person household formation using statistical method are believed to be necessary.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2019

본 연구는 중 고령자의 사회참여 변화를 유형화 하고 각 변화에 대한 결정요인을 탐색하는 데 목적이 있다. 분석자료는 한국 고령화연구패널조사 1차(2006)부터 6차(2016)년까지의 자료를 활용하였고, 분석 대상은 패널조사의 응답자 중 남성 1,327명, 여성 1,520명인 총 2,847명이었다. SPSS 22.0, M-plus 8.0 통계 프로그램을 통해 성장혼합 모형을 실시한 결과, 중 고령자의 사회참여 변화는 '고수준 감소형', '중수준 증가형', '저수준 유지형'으로 유형화 되었다. 각 유형에 대한 결정요인을 분석한 결과, 교육수준이 높을수록 저수준 유지형보다 고수준 감소형과 중수준 증가형에 속할 확률이 높으며, 도시지역에 거주할수록 저수준 유지형보다 고수준 감소형에 속할 가능성이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 직업이 없을수록 저수준 유지형보다 중수준 증가형에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 분석 결과를 통해 중 고령자 사회참여 촉진에 관한 함의점을 논의하였다.