• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.63-88
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• 2016

K-Pop is hugely promoted offline/online in East Asia, while efforts to promote it elsewhere are kept to a minimum. Whilst addressing the role of digital marketing in the promotion of K-Pop in the Brazilian music industry this study aims to demonstrate that K-pop will provide its audience with a unique and engaging experience if it thinks globally and acts locally in its marketing and communication strategies. A survey of K-Pop's world fan base was carried out online with 1,074 fans to determine the validity of the hypothesis. The results have demonstrated the need to adapt global and intercultural strategies to local markets with increasing brand awareness through utilizing digital marketing. For example, to increase K-Pop's popularity and market share in Brazil, it is not required to sing in Brazilian Portuguese, contrary to what might be perceived but fully singing in English would help breaking into the market dominated by domestic music as songs would have a higher probability to be included in the international soundtrack of a Brazilian telenovela and promote the K-Pop artist not only across Brazil but also give the artist exposure in all the markets the Brazilian telenovela is exported to, opening an entry door to those markets. K-Pop audience segmentation and psychographic profiling is crucial to the understanding of each market's consumer's preferences, likes, dislikes and their buying habits as it was proven through Brazil's digital media, social media, digital music market and K-Pop market analysis within the global context of the study. It should be also considered that brand extensions are not standard everywhere and that there are cultures where different product categories are not directly associated with its main corporate owner which requires extensive local market knowledge to succeed. The primary and secondary data research that we conducted for this study intended to demonstrate that K-Pop can be successful in Brazil and in Latin America and increase their local and regional market share if digital marketing and communication strategies are tailored to each individual market.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.32
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• pp.269-305
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• 2016

in the conclusion, appealing ways of expression regarding a wider and more variated range are to be tested and it is stressed the necessity of this to be shown to the general public through an ongoing constructive research on the originality of contents arising from the diversity of music genres And, concerning dance music, it is also pointed out the necessity of in-depth research on the rhythms that take into account the universal emotions of the general public to create diverse music that harmonizes with the dance and can be enjoyed by all. In the world of music, just a simplest attempt can bring about many changes. Depending on the identity of those who lead it, that change's appearance or shape may also be different. Moreover, changes arisen from testing simplified rhythms will let experts to create new music. K-Pop is to test, more than anything, diverse strategies and new changes to be selected by such a wide public. However, such changes ought not to degenerate into mere imitations and can neither become obsolete. The reason lies in the fact that the current efforts for the sake of diversification and creativity of K-Pop genre might well remain as the traditional elements of the K-pop of the future.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2022

This study is a sustainability study of K-Music beyond K-Pop through New Media. New media literally means 'new media'. When TV, classified as legacy media, first appeared in the world, it was an innovative new media platform. Of course, it is considered the most traditional legacy media. However, the definition of new media inevitably changes with the times. Most of the media called new media today are based on online and mobile. This thesis focuses on popular music including crossover traditional music genre. And we define popular music exported abroad as K-pop, and propose the possibility of globalization of Korean music using K-pop users and new media, a metaverse based K-pop audition platform, as consumers and suppliers in the global market. Hallyu, the studying of K-Pop through the study of attitudes and economic effects of K-pop, such as reactions to the spread of K-pop and the reactions of fans who like K-pop, are constantly being discussed in various ways. But there has been no case of cultural technology research that linked the sustainability of Gugak as the Korean music through new media to the K-pop business platform. As the overflowing data pours out in the virtual space as an act that gives the meaning of existence, the online is able to become an open market that provides reliable information all over the world. Therefore we would like to propose on the sustainability of Korean music through the 'Korean Traditional Music Broadcasting Metaverse Audition' beyond the K-pop business model as the K-Music content in the cultural technology era.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.581-594
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• 2015

The emergence of pop art in the 1960s exerted a profound impact on integrating art into the real lives of the general public, which continues in the current area of culture of post-industrial society. Thus, this study aims to attempt the popularization and modernization of Korean images by applying the concept of pop art to the development of a national symbolic image. This study utilized Mugunghwa, Taegeukgi, and the Great Seal, which are national symbolic images that establish the identity of Korea through differentiation, universality, and visual formativeness. It then proceeded with the development of neo-pop art motives and patterns using national symbolic images from the standpoint of symbolism, mix-match, and repetitiveness from among the characteristics of neo-pop art. This study carried out pattern design by departmentalizing each characteristic according to the standpoint of neo-pop art through scribbles composed of the following: Signs, pictograms, and childlike characters; drawing simplification for symbolism; a mix of the East and the West; a mix of subfashion and subculture for mix-match; the repetition of lines, characters, and icons; and the exaggeration and grotesqueness of characters and icons for repetitiveness. This study is expected to serve as momentum for raising the cultural value of Korea and for the development of a pattern design capable of achieving worldwide competitiveness through the combination of the permanence and continuity of national symbols with the popular universality of pop art.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.399-406
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to increase the development possibility of K-pop music by analyzing K-pop music and analyzing the use of world music in it. As a research method, we will first look at the world music elements Puerto Rico's reggaeton, Jamaica's toasting, and the melody of Indian music. After that, we analyze two songs, Hyo-yeon's and Hyun-A & Dawn's , with rhythm and melody elements to find out the utilization of World Music. As a result of the study, it was found that it rhythmically showed the type of Dembow rhythm derived from Puerto Rico's reggaeton, and melody followed the form of Jamaican toasting and the melody of Arabic music. This study is meaningful in presenting the possibility of development and various directions of K-pop in the future by analyzing the use of world music used in K-pop music. Through the convergence of various world music and K-pop, I hope that K-pop music will become a culture that is supported by a wider public.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.379-405
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• 2015

The purpose of this thesis is to seek the methodologies for forming the fandoms of the Theatre. For the research, I explain by giving the example of the K-POP, of which the fandom has already been spread. Afterwards, I describe about the items which can substitute the plays and about the limits. By escaping from the passive consumptions, the fandoms have been expanded to the domain in which the culture is reborn. The cultural activities of the fandoms have come out of simply liking the fans, and the domain has been widened to the social activities. In the case of the K-POP, it has gone beyond Korea and has the fandoms in the whole world. Regarding the reasons why the fandoms could be formed in relation to the K-POP, firstly, it is because the project-type stars made by the large-scale agency had existed. Secondly, it is because the methods of accessing the contents had become simple through the online proliferation, such as the YouTube and the SNS's. Lastly, it is because the cultural activities of the fandoms give the joys, thereby continually maintaining the fandoms. If this is substituted for the Theatre, in the case of the Theatre, in order for the large-scale agencies to make the plans for and train the actors and the actresses, there are, somewhat, the excesses. However, if a PR method suitable for the online environment is developed and if the common joy is given to the audience of the Theatre, there is the possibility that the fandoms can be invigorated regarding the Theatre. Although, with regard to the K-POP and the Theatre, there exist the differences between the contents, if the methodologies of the K-POP fandoms, which have invigorated the fandoms and have been managing stably, are substituted for the plays, the invigoration of the fandoms is possible regarding the Theatre, too.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.28-37
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• 2019

It is apparently clear that K-pop has been expanding its influence overseas, with its high growth rate. As a result, attempts have been made to analyze the characteristics of K-Pop in various academic fields. This research quantitatively used the participatory use process of K-Pop contents in voluntary participation and dissemination of the audience in the Trans-Media environment. The author examined the use of participatory K-Pop contents from the view point of reparability through big data content analysis. It has been revealed that K-Pop is spreading globally through social media, fans of various countries like to play K-Pop, and they make up their own content and form a participatory culture. In addition, we looked at when the moments of momentum in which participatory use is soaring were popular content and who was the publisher.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.533-541
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• 2020

This study aims for investigating the consumers' reaction to the New Hanbok Style of K-pop idol groups. We collected YouTube videos and user comments that include 'Black Pink New Hanbok' as a keyword, applying social network analysis and sentiment analysis. First, the New Hanbok of Black Pink was designed as a mini-dress to make it easier to dance and turned out that it reinterpreted traditional elements modernly. Second, the issue about revealing costumes appeared as a keyword in domestic reactions, it did not appear in international reaction. Third, as a result of sentiment analysis, international audience viewed New Hanbok outfit more positively than domestic audience. This study is significant in that it suggests the direction to which New Hanbok should head to by investigating extensive consumers' reaction and finding out the positive and negative elements of New Hanbok.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2003

최근 나노기술의 발달과 더불어 나노재료에 대한 특성평가 요구가 높아지고 있고, 따라서 나노스케일에서 재료의 기계적 거동을 분석할 수 있는 나노인덴테이션 기법이 심도있게 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 나노인덴테이션, 주사탐침현미경(SPM), 투과전자현미경(TEM) 기법을 이용하여 여러가지 재료의 탄성 소성 변형 거동과 팝인/괍아웃 현상을 조사하고 해석하였다. 나노인덴테이션 기법으로는 50 마이크로뉴턴 (5 mg) 이하의 매우 작은 하중 하에서는 접촉 응력조건이라도 인장시험에서 관찰되는 영구변형이 제로인 완전탄성 변형 거동을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한, 50-250 마이크로 뉴턴의 하중 범위에서 재료는 탄성변형 이후에 갑작스런 항복거동과 더불어 수십-수백 나노미터를 미끌어지듯 변형하는 팝인(pop-in), 또는 탈선(excursion) 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 현상은 하중을 가하는 동안에 여러 번 발생하였으며 재료의 표면상태와 전위밀도와 밀접한 상관관계를 보였다. 반복 압입 시험에서는 전형적인 가공경화 현상으로 항복점이 높아지고 새로운 항복점 이후에야 다시 팝인 발생함을 보였다. 한편, 하중을 가할 때 발생하는 팝인과는 달리 하중을 제거할 때 급격히 회복하는 팝아웃 현상 또한 관찰되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

This study was carried out to estimate price and domestic consumption functions of chestnut using time series data for the period 1970~1989. Using a regression analysis method, price and domestic consumption functions of chestnut in Korea are estimated. The result of this study reveals that the optimum function of price for chestnut is PR= -249.33965 + 163532.56817 EX/POP-4.10177 PD+4.02877 DC+6056.98339 GDP/POP($R^2$=0.88207), and that optimum function of domestic consumption for chestnut is ln DC=14.97145+1.48279 ln PD/POP - 0.32853 ln GDP - 0.02337 ln PR - 0.12117 ln EX($R^2$=0.98689). On the ground that instability of prices make the income of producer and family finances of consumer unstable, the object of price-policy should be to stabilize price of chestnut in Korea.