• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the expression of the large tumor suppressor (LATS) genes LATS1 and LATS2 by immunohistochemical staining of gastric cancer, and to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of LATS expression and its correlation with overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods: LATS1 and LATS2 expression in a tissue microarray was detected by immunohistochemistry, using 264 gastric cancer specimens surgically resected between July 2006 and December 2009. Results: Low expression of LATS1 was significantly associated with more advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (P=0.001) and T stage (P=0.032), lymph node (LN) metastasis (P=0.040), perineural invasion (P=0.042), poor histologic grade (P=0.007), and diffuse-type histology by the Lauren classification (P=0.033). Low expression of LATS2 was significantly correlated with older age (${\geq}65$, P=0.027), more advanced AJCC stage (P=0.001) and T stage (P=0.001), LN metastasis (P=0.004), perineural invasion (P=0.004), poor histologic grade (P<0.001), and diffuse-type histology by the Lauren classification (P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly poor OS rates in the groups with low LATS1 (P=0.037) and LATS2 (P=0.037) expression. Conclusions: Expression of LATS1 or LATS2 is a significant marker for a good prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2009

Objectives: Endoscopic airway dilatation and stenting has been developed to treat the airway stenosis without potential morbidities of open surgery. We report the clinical results of endoscopic airway dilatation with silicone stenting in patients with posttuberculous bronchial stenosis(PTBS) and with severe main tracheal stenosis who have poor general conditions Methods : A prospective observation study of five patients, who have undergone endoscopic airway dilatation and silicone stenting between Feb 2007 and Feb 2009. A total of twelve patients were treated with endoscopic airway dilatation, among them 5 patients were included in this study. three patients were treated with newly designed silicone stent (Natural stent: TNO Co., Seoul, South Korea) because of poor surgical conditions and longer stenotic segment Results: 3 patients were grade III PTBS, and the other 2 patients were grade IV post tracheotomy main tracheal stenosis. One patient of PTBS were treated with silicone stent following endoscopic dilatation because of longer stenotic segment. Two patients of main tracheal stenosis patients were treated with silicone stent because of tracheal lumen collapse. There was no severe postoperative complications except mild granulation tissue formations Conclusions : Endoscopic dilatation including silicone stenting could be a useful method for treating patients with PTBS, and for main tracheal stenosis patients with poor general surgical conditions

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1476-1483
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• 2000

Objectives : The incidence of acute hydrocephalus(AHC) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage reported as 13-31%. The AHC resolves spontaneously in some cases(simple AHC), but about 30% of the AHC progresses to shunt-dependent hydrocephalus(SDHC). The aim of this study was to understand clinical predisposing factors causing SDHC with performing differential clinical analyses between 2 subgroups, the simple AHC and the progresed SDHC. Methods : The 250 surgically treated patients with aneurysmal SAH over last two years were evaluated. Forty four patients(17.6%) of them showed the AHC. Of theses 37 cases were retrospectively analyzed, excluding 7 patients who died within 2 weeks after hemorrhage attack. Of the 37 AHC cases, 21 patient(56.8%) were complicated with the simple AHC, and 16 cases(43.2%) were progressed SDHC. Results : The older age(p<0.05), poor clinical grade(p＝0.03), larger amount of SAH in perimesencephalic cistern on CT scan(p＝0.005) were significantly related to the SDHC. No significant difference was noted in aneurysm location, multiplicity, rebleeding, hypertension and Fisher grade between 2 subgroups. Conclusion : Of the total 37 AHC, the simple AHC was 56.8% and the progressed SDHC 43.2%. The older age, poor clinical grade, large amount of SAH in perimesencephalic cistern were significant predisposing factors causing the SDHC. The large amount of SAH in perimesencephalic cistern is the single most important predisposing factor developing the progressed SDHC.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2006

Objective : The incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage has been increasing. At the same time, surgical results for elderly patients are unsatisfactory and no guidelines of treatment are available. We carried out a study comparing variable factors and surgical results between young and old age groups to find ways to improve prognosis. Methods : A retrospective study was carried out on 754 patients who were operated on between 1990 and 2004 by the same surgeon in our hospital. The patients were divided into seven groups according to age : 93 patients below 40 years of age [Group I], 419 patients aged $40{\sim}59$ [Group II], 115 patients aged $60{\sim}64$ [Group III], 82 patients aged $65{\sim}69$ [Group IV], 28 patients aged $70{\sim}74$ [Group V], 12 patients aged $75{\sim}79$ [Group VI] and 5 patients over the age of 80 [Group VII]. We then checked their medical history, Fisher's grade, Hunt-Hess grade, postoperative complications, and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Results : Age was not a statistically significant factor among patients below 70 years of age [P $value{\ge}0.05$]. But for those aged 70 and older, the age factor had a statistical value [P $value{\le}0.001$]. In addition, there was a close correlation between Hunt-Hess grade IV and V patients, and those with vasospasm, and hydrocephalus after surgery, with poor prognosis in elderly patients as well as young patients [P $value{\le}0.001$]. Conclusion : Advanced age [under the age of 70] dose not precluded adequate surgical treatment in patient with AN SAH, and we should be also alert to preventable causes of delayed neurological deterioration for improving the outcome in all elderly groups.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.358-364
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• 2016

Objectives: To evaluate the results of elective neck dissection versus those of observation in the treatment of early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma and to identify factors related to recurrence and survival. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 52 patients who underwent elective neck dissection and 27 who did not receive neck dissection. Results: In survival analyses, elective neck dissection showed a benefit in overall recurrence (P=0.027), especially in stage I patients (P=0.024). With regard to survival, the benefit was statistically insignificant (P=0.990). In multivariable analysis, overall recurrence was independently related to poor histologic grade (odds ratio [OR]=9.65, P=0.006), and cancer-specific death was independently related to advanced age (OR=6.3, P=0.022), higher clinical T stage (OR=15.2, P=0.01), and poorly differentiated histologic grade (OR=6.6, P=0.025). Conclusion: Though there was lower recurrence in the elective neck dissection group, there were no statistically significant results on survival. The characteristics of the tumor itself, such as clinical T stage and poor histologic grade, may be more important in cancer-specific survival.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2009

This study analyzes the effect of alternatives and estimates alternatives evaluation index (AEI) using PCSWMM and weighted summation method. PCSWMM considering combined sewer overflows (CSOs) in the Mokgamcheon watershed was used and effectiveness analysis of alternative was conducted to develop not only flowrate but also the pollutant of BOD and SS. Indicators of AEI are selected using sustainability evaluation concept, driver-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) framework and calculated by weighted summation method. After estimating AEI, alternatives was classified into three groups G (Good), A (Acceptable) and P (Poor) grade. As a results, it is analyzed that alternatives applied to Oryucheon were G grade and those of Yeokgokcheon were P grade and the remainings were 'A' grade. This result will be effective to the integrated watershed management for sustainablility.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2009

목적: 슬관절의 퇴행성 관절 연골 손상과 동반된 내측 반월상 연골 파열에서, 관절 연골 손상의 정도를 확인하고 이에 따른 내측 반월상 연골 부분절제술의 임상적 결과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 슬관절의 퇴행성 관절염과 동반된 내측 반월상 연골 파열에서 관절경적 부분절제술을 시행 후 3년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 48예를 대상으로 하였다. 남자가 6예, 여자가 42예였으며, 나이는 평균 55.7세(40~78세), 관절경 소견상 Outerbridge 분류 기준으로 두 군으로 나누었으며 제 1군은 grade I과 II를, 제 2군은 grade III와 IV를 포함하였다. 제 1군이 30예였고, 제 2군이 18예였다. 임상 결과는 Tapper & Hoover분류 및 Lysholm knee score를 측정하여 평가하였다. 술전과 최종 추시 양슬관절 기립 전후면 사진에서 내측 관절 간격을 측정하였다. 결과: Tapper & Hoover분류에 따른 평가에서 우수가 28예, 양호 7예, 보통 8예, 불량 5예였다. 제 1군은 우수 25예, 양호 2예, 보통 2예, 불량이 1예다. 반면에 제 2군에서는 우수 3예, 양호 5예, 보통 6예, 불량이 4예였다. 기능적 평가상 Lysholm 점수는 1군에서는 술전 평균 62.4점에서 술후 평균 94.0점으로 향상되었으며, 2군에서는 술전 평균 58.0점에서 술후 평균 77.9점으로 향상되었다. 술후 점수의 비교에서 1군이 2군에 비하여 우수하였다. 기립 전후면 단순 방사선 사진상 관절 간격의 감소는 유의하지 않았다. 결론: 관절염과 동반된 반월상 연골 파열에서 관절경적 반월상연골 부분절제술은 증세 호전을 기대할 수 있는 효과적인 치료법이었다. 그러나 관절 연골의 손상이 Outerbridge III나 IV인 경우에는 만족스런 결과를 얻기가 어려웠다. Outerbridge III 및 IV의 관절연골 손상에서는 반월상 연골 부분절제술이 증세 호전이 만족스럽지는 않았으나 관절연골손상을 악화시키지는 않았다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1108-1114
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• 2001

Objective : Prognostic factors of metastatic brain tumors have been widely reported and their operative indications also have been extended gradually even to the poor grade patients. Authors intended to analyze the causative factors for the clinical outcome of metastatic brain tumors, especially with relevant to the poor prognosis by one year follow-up evaluation. Patients and Methods : The authors retrospectively studied the clinical characteristics of 46 cases(35 patients) with metastatic brain tumors among 466 cases(437 patients) which were operated on due to the brain tumor, during the period between January 1994 to June 1999. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 8.0$^{(R)}$. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered clinically significant. Result : Among the variable clinical factors in patients with metastatic brain tumors, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score of less than 70(16 patients), uncontrolled primary tumor(8 patients), and surgical resection without further adjuvant therapy(9 patients) showed statistically significant poor prognosis ; p value of 0.002, 0.032, and 0.001, respectively. Other tested variables, such as old age(greater than 65 years ; 10 patients), gender(male ; 20 patients), type of primary cancer(primary undefined ; 6 patients, lung cancer ; 15 patients), location(infratentorial ; 9 patients, sellar ; 5 patients), number of lesion(multiple ; 12 patients), and number of operation(multiple craniotomy ; 7 patients) were not related to the poor prognosis. Conclusions : The most common primary site of distant metastasis was lung. The poorer prognosis was highly correlated with various factors including low KPS score(<70), no postoperative adjuvant therapy, and uncontrolled primary tumors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.680-684
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• 2007

배경: IB기 비소세포폐암의 가장 효과적인 치료는 완전 절제이나, 수술 후 재발이 생기면 생존율이 떨어진다. 최근 IB기 비소세포폐암의 완전 절제 후 시행하는 보조 요법에 대해 관심이 높아지고 있다. 적절한 보조 요법을 사용하기 위해서는 재발의 위험 인자를 아는 것이 중요하다. 대상 및 방법: 114명을 대상으로 연구하였으며, 환자의 성별, 나이, 수술 방법, 조직학적 유형, 분화의 정도, 종양의 크기, 장측 흉막 침범 유무 등과 재발과의 관계를 분석하였다. 생존율과 무재발률은 Kaplan-Meier 방법으로 구하였으며, log rank test로 단변량 분석을, Cox's proportional hazard model을 이용하여 다변량 분석을 하였다. p값이 0.05 미만인 경우에 통계학적으로 유의하다고 판정하였다. 결과: 3년 생존율 및 무재발률은 각각 87.0%, 79.4%였다. 단변량 분석에서 분화도가 통계학적으로 의미가 있었으며, 다변량 분석에서도 저분화의 경우가 예후가 좋지 않았다. 결론: 완전 절제된 IB기 비소세포폐암 환자에서 저분화도가 재발과 연관된 인자이므로 수술 후 보조 요법이 필요할 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1817-1820
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• 2015

Background: Hemoglobin A1c(HgA1c) is a marker of poor gylcemic control and elevation HgA1c is associated with increased risk of many cancers. We aimed to determine the HgA1c levels in endometrial cancer cases and any relationship with stage and grade of disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective data review was performed between June 2011 and October 2012 at a tertiary referral center in Turkey. The study included 35 surgically staged endometrial cancer patients and 40 healthy controls. Preoperative HgA1c levels drawn within 3 months before surgery were compared. Also the relationships between HgA1c levels and stage, grade and hystologic type of cancer cases were evaluated. Results: The mean HgA1c levels were statistically significantly higher at $6.19{\pm}1.44$ in endometrial cancer cases than the $5.61{\pm}0.58$ in controls (p=0.027). With endometrial cancer cases, the mean HgA1c level was found to be $6.62{\pm}1.40$ for stage I and $6.88{\pm}1.15$ for stages II-IV (p=0.07). The figures were $6.74{\pm}1.65$ for endometrioid and $6.63{\pm}1.41$ for non-endometrioid type tumors (p=0.56). Mean HgA1c levels of $6.72{\pm}1.14$ for grade 1 and $6.62{\pm}1.42$ for grade 2-3 were observed (p=0.57). Conclusions: HgA1c levels in endometrial cancer patients were statistically higher than healthy controls. However, HgA1c did not show any significant correlation with stage, grade and histologic type in endometrial cancer cases.