• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.633-653
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• 2016

One of the major threats to the stability of classical columns and colonnades are earthquakes. The behavior of columns under high seismic excitation loads is non-linear and complex since rocking, wobbling and sliding failure modes can occur. Therefore, three dimensional simulation approaches are essential to investigate the in-plane and out-of-plane response of such structures during harmonic and seismic loading excitations. Using a software based on the Distinct Element Method (DEM) of analysis, a three dimensional numerical study has been performed to investigate the parameters affecting the seismic behaviour of colonnades' structural systems. A typical section of the two-storey colonnade of the Forum in Pompeii has been modelled and studied parametrically, in order to identify the main factors affecting the stability and to improve our understanding of the earthquake behaviour of such structures. The model is then used to compare the results between 2D and 3D simulations emphasizing the different response for the selected earthquake records. From the results analysis, it was found that the high-frequency motion requires large base acceleration amplitude to lead to the collapse of the colonnade in a shear-slip mode between the drums. However, low-frequency harmonic excitations are more prominent to cause structural collapse of the two-storey colonnade than the high-frequency ones with predominant rocking failure mode. Finally, the 2D analysis found to be unconservative since underestimates the displacement demands of the colonnade system when compared with the 3D analysis.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제38호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine house and interior design during the Georgian Period in England. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Typical houses during the Georgian Period were generally two types that one was a single detached house in the country and the other was a terrace houses in the city. 2. Both the houses and their interior design during the Georgian Period were influenced by Classicism and Palladianism. The distinction of forms and the decorations used motifs originating from Greece and Rome. Gradually, It had been changed by the influence of Rococo from Europe and the archaeological excavation of Pompeii and Herculaneum. 3. The facade of house used simpe, plain and symmetrical forms. Entrance was usually in the center of the house around sash windows. Also, the Inside of house, division of walls, arrangement of furnitures and decorations of details were followed the symmetrical forms. Finally, it was found that the distinctions represent the typical style of Georgian in England.

• 영미문화
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-71
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• 2014

This paper is about some aspects of the late-modern representation of antiquity in Western countries. The timeframe is mostly the decades since the 1980s, but some works are also mentioned from previous phases. Some information is given on the late-modern historical novel, characterized by mixture of genres and intertextual references to historical events and contemporary varieties of discourse. Eclecticism would seem to be a characteristic feature, and it mainly consists of a mixture of real events and imagination, cohabitation of ancient settings and modernized characters, and interaction between high and low culture. Commercialization often accompanies novels on antiquity in the $21^{st}$ century. And ideologies such as romanness, germanism and barbarianism are employed by some authors to refer to contemporary realities. A number of films and novels are mentioned. More specific analysis focuses on Valerio Manfredi's The Last Legion and the film based on the book; Simon Scarrow's Gladiator: The Fight for Freedom; and Robert Harris's Pompeii.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.148-160
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• 2023

지구 상에서 최초로 화산 분화와 화산재해에 대한 역사기록인 '플리니 편지'를 고찰하여 베수비오 화산의 서기 79년 분화에서는 어떠한 분화 양상을 보였는지 분석하였다. 8월 24일 오전 1시에 시작된 분화는 이틀동안 지속되었고 다량의 화산재와 부석이 분출되었으며, 바람에 따라 이동하여 인근 도시들에 떨어졌다. 그 외에도 화산 측면을 따라 빠른 속도로 화성쇄설류(또는 화쇄난류)가 흘렸으며, 분화와 동반된 여러 차례의 지진과 쓰나미 등의 여러 현상들도 발생하였다. 이로 인해 베수비오 화산 인근에 위치한 도시들은 화산재와 화성쇄설류에 의해 묻혀 매몰되었다. 이에 대한 피해 범위를 폼페이, 헤르쿨라네움, 스타비아에, 오플론티스를 대상으로 선정하여 선행연구를 수집·분석하여 조사하였다. 각 지역별로 베수비오 화산과의 거리와 위치에 따라 차이가 나는 퇴적 층서와 층후를 보이고 있으며, 퇴적층 안에서는 당시 분화에 의해 사망한 주민들의 유골도 발견되었다. 현재까지 발견된 유골은 폼페이에서 1,150구, 헤르쿨라네움 306구, 스타비아에 111구, 오플론티스 54구이며, 분화로 인해 사망한 사람의 수가 정확하게 알려지지 않았다. 플리니의 편지의 상세한 분화 현상 기술로 인해 서기 79년 베수비오 화산 분화 양상을 보이는 분화를 플리니의 이름에서 착안하여 플리니안 분화라고 명명되어 새로운 분화유형으로 정의되었다.

• 한국공간구조학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2002

Formerly, it was called a tent and now, it is called membrane structure. If saying a tent, it imagines the tent of Bedouin, Mongolia and North American Indian. It became clear from the excavated wall painting that have been covered with the retractable roof of the canvas on the auditorium at the amphitheater in Pompeii and became a topic. These tents were made of the animal skins or fabric woven with the flax plants, and these tents are still used. However, if saying membrane material at present, it says the one to have applied a coating resin to the textile. Because the base fabric of membrane material is a woven fabric, the relation between the stress and the strain is different to the direction of the weaving thread. Moreover, the tensile force must always occur in the membrane surface. From these reasons, because the membrane structure corresponds to the particular building material and the construction method about the Building Standard Law, it must be examined specially that the membrane structural building have the same or any more safety as the provisions which was set to the Building Standard Law. Therefore, the technical standards about the membrane structural building became indispensable. In the paper, the kinds of the membrane materials, which are used for the membrane structural buildings, and technical standards process of the creating for the membrane structure buildings are introduced. Lastly, some of the soccer stadiums for 2002 FIFA World Cup KOREA/JAPAN which be covered with the roof of the membrane structures are presented.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.5-27
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• 2017

이 연구는 공공도서관 생태계의 담론화를 통한 개선 확장 전략을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 자연생태계의 순환원리와 구성요소에 근거하여 공공도서관 생태계의 기본원리와 구조적 지형을 해명하고 현주소와 인식을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 다양한 관점과 시각을 차용한 전략적 방안(카르마 법칙을 적용한 도서관의 정체성 및 공공성 보장, 미네르바 신드롬을 극복하기 위한 사서직의 주체성 및 전문성 강화, 파레토 원리를 응용한 자료서비스 및 장서관리의 최적화, 부정적 후광효과를 해소하기 위한 일반열람실 축소와 비교우위 프로그램서비스 제공, 가우스 분포를 준수한 생애주기별 이용편차 해소, 이카루스 역설을 반추한 디지털 패러다임 수용과 이용친화형 공간화, 그레샴 법칙의 경계를 위한 작은도서관의 공공도서관 시스템화, 그리고 폼페이 역설을 반면교사로 삼은 소통강화와 사회문화적 가치 확산 등)을 제안하였다.