• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2013

Bovine Carbonic anhydrase (BCA) was immobilized on a submicro-porous membrane through covalent immobilization. The immobilization was conducted on the porous membrane surface with the treatment of polyethyleneimine, glutaraldehyde, and the anhydrase, in sequence. The immobilization was confirmed using X-ray photon spectrometer. The pH values of carbon-dioxide saturated solution with buffer were monitored with respect to time to calculate the catalytic activities of hydration of carbon-dioxide for free and immobilized CA. The catalytic rate constant values for free CA, immobilized CA on polystyrene nanoparticles, and immobilized CA on a porous cellulose acetate membrane were 0.79, 0.67, and 0.56 $s^{-1}$, respectively. Reusability was studied up to 10 cycles of $CO_2$ sequestration. The activity for the CA immobilized on the membrane was kept to 95% after 10 cycles, and comparable to the CA on the nanoparticles. The stabilities for heat and storage were also investigated for the three cases. The results suggested that the CA immobilized the membrane had the least loss rate of the activity compared to the others. From this study, the porous membrane was feasible as a carrier for the CA immobilization in hydration and sequestration of carbon-dioxide.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.295-295
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• 2013

Supercapacitors with higher energy and power density are attracting growing attention for their wide range of potential applications such as portable electronic equipments, hybrid vehicle and cellular devices. In various classes of materials for supercapacitors, the redox pseudocapacitive materials such as conducting polymers and metal oxides have been most widely studied recently. The nanostructuring of the electrode surface has also been focused on since it can provide large surface area and consequently easy diffusion of ions in the capacitors. Among the active materials, in this work, we have used polyaniline (PANi) and manganese oxide ($MnO_2$). PANi is one of the promising electrode and active materials due to its desirable properties such as high electrochemical activity, high doping level and stability. $MnO_2$ is also widely studied material for supercapacitors since it is relatively cheap and environmentally friendly. In this work, we fabricated PANi hollow nanospheres by polymerizing aniline monomers on the polystyrene (PS) nanospheres and then dissolving the inner PS spheres. This nanostructuring of the PANi surface can provide large surface area and hence easy diffusion of electrolyte ions. We also incorporated $MnO_2$ nanoparticles into the PANi hollow nanospheres and investigated its electrochemical properties. It is expected that the combination of these two active materials with slightly different working potential windows show synergetic effects such as broader working potential range and enhanced specific capacitance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2001

This article gives an overview of a recently developed channel system, frit-inlet asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (FI-AFlFFF), which can be applied for the separation of nanoparticles, proteins, and water soluble polymers. A conventiona l asymmetrical flow FFF channel has been modified into a frit-inlet asymmetrical type by introducing a small inlet frit near the injection point and the system operation of the FI-AFlFFF channel can be made with a great convenience. Since sample components injected into the FI-AFlFFF channel are hydrodynamically relaxed, sample injection and separation processes proceed without interruption of the migration flow. Therefore in FI-AFlFFF, there is no requirement for a valve operation to switch the direction of the migration flow that is normally achieved during the focusing/relaxation process in a conventional asymmetrical channel. In this report, principles of the hydrodynamic relaxation in FI-AFlFFF channel are described with equations to predict the retention time and to calculate the complicated flow variations in the developed channel. The retention and resolving power of FI-AFlFFF system are demonstrated with standard nanospheres and protreins. An attempt to elucidate the capability of FI-AFlFFF system for the separation and size characterization of nanoparticles is made with a fumed silica particle sample. In FI-AFlFFF, field programming can be easily applied to improve separation speed and resolution for a highly retaining component (very large MW) by using flow circulation method. Programmed FI-AFlFFF separations are demonstrated with polystyrene sulfonate standards and pululans and the dynamic separation range of molecular weight is successfully expanded.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2004년도 Proceedings of 2004 Korea-Japan Joint Seminar on Particle Image Velocimetry
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• pp.91-110
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• 2004

A comprehensive three-dimensional nano-particle tracking technique in micro- and nano-scale spatial resolution using the Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscope (TIRFM) is discussed. Evanescent waves from the total internal reflection of a 488nm argon-ion laser are used to measure the hindered Brownian diffusion within few hundred nanometers of a glass-water interface. 200-nm fluorescence-coated polystyrene spheres are used as tracers to achieve three-dimensional tracking within the near-wall penetration depth. A novel ratiometric imaging technique coupled with a neural network model is used to tag and track the tracer particles. This technique allows for the determination of the relative depth wise locations of the particles. This analysis, to our knowledge is the first such three-dimensional ratiometric nano-particle tracking velocimetry technique to be applied for measuring Brownian diffusion close to the wall.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.904-906
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• 2009

Organic field-effect transistor (OFET) memory is an emerging device for its potential to realize light-weight, low cost flexible charge storage media. Here we report on a solution-processed poly[9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl]-co-(bithiophene)] (F8T2) nano floating-gate memory (NFGM) with top-gate/bottom-contact device configuration. A reversible shift in the threshold voltage ($V_{Th}$) and the reliable memory characteristics were achieved by incorporation of thin Au nanoparticles (NPs) as charge storage sites for negative electrons at the interface between polystyrene and cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol).

• Advances in nano research
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.243-255
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• 2018

Polystyrene granules were combined with nanosilver to form a nanocomposite film. One-side migration was conducted to test into three food simulants (3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol and 95% ethanol) at $40^{\circ}C$ temperature on different period of time (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days). It was found that, among the simulants, the highest migration amount was obtained with 3% acetic acid, while the 95% ethanol revealed the least migration level. Diffusion coefficients of nanosilver particles into simulants were estimated by inverse simulation using experimental data of concentration variation in the simulants. The finite element method used to solve the mass transfer equation and the numerical results indicates the sameresponse with the experimental data. The numerical results confirmed that the highest diffusion coefficient for acetic acid 3% (1.82E-10 to $1.76E-9m^2\;s^{-1}$) and the lowest diffusion coefficient for ethanol 95% from 2 to 10 days were obtained, respectively. Also, results of diffusion coefficient - concentration relation showed, the diffusion coefficient had in direct correlation with time and concentration. The results indicated that, in the 3% acetic acid, due to the increasing of diffusion coefficient of silver nanoparticles, they are released faster and distributed uniformly.

• 멤브레인
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2019

이방성 입자는 독특한 물리적 특성 때문에 다양한 분야에서 발표되고 있다. 여기서, 이방성 도토리구조 나노 입자를 제조하기 위해 새로운 동적 상분리 방법이 도입된다. 동적 상분리 방법은 용제 증발 및 무용제에 의한 침전으로 구성된다. 하부층은 비용매 희석제로서 물을 공급함으로써 제어되며, 상부층의 상분리는 휘발성 용매의 확산 및 증발에 의존한다. 이 상태에서, 도토리 형 입자가 제조되었다. 물이 채워진 밀폐된 상자(자발적 상분리)하에서, 단분산 폴리스틸렌 입자가 합성되었다. 동적 상분리와 자발적 상분리가 공존할 때, 캡과 입자의 크기가 변경되었다. 또한, 폴리스틸렌 용액의 부피는 입자 형상에 영향을 미친다. 독특한 구조가 다양한 응용 분야에 활용될 수 있기 때문에 멤브레인 기반의 제어된 물 공급과 같은 첨단 기술이 개발되면 단분산의 도토리와 같은 입자가 제조될 수 있을 것이다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2011

한국원자력연구원 내 지하 처분 연구시설(KURT)에서 채취한 지하수에 존재하는 나노 콜로이드 입자의 크기 및 농도를 현상에서 조사하기 위해 이동식 레이저 유도 파열 검출 장치를 개발하였다. 제작한 장치는 CCD 카메라를 이용하여 레이저 유도 플라즈마가 발생한 위치를 2-차원 영상으로 기록함으로써 광학적으로 입자의 크기를 결정할 수 있다. 크기가 정확히 알려진 폴리스틸렌 표준 입자를 이용하여 입자 크기 측정용 검정 곡선 (calibration curve)을 구했고, 이를 이용하여 지하 처분 연구시설에서 채취한 지하수 내 콜로이드 입자의 크기를 측정하였다. 지하수 내 존재하는 콜로이드 입자의 평균 크기는 $108{\pm}26$ nm 임을 보였고, 농도는 50 ppb 이하인 것으로 추정하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2015

유기주형(organic template) 입자를 이용하여 소디움실리케이트(sodium silicate)로부터 중공형 실리카(hollow silica) 입자를 제조하였다. 유기주형 입자로는 스티렌 단량체(styrene monomer)로부터 분산중합(dispersion polymerization)에 의해 제조된 폴리스티렌 라텍스(polystyrene latex, PSL) 입자를 사용하였다. 유기주형 입자 제조 시 중합개시제인 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)의 주입량을 조절하여 $1{\sim}3{\mu}m$의 크기를 가진 입자를 제조하였다. 생성된 유기주형 입자 표면에 졸-겔(sol-gel)법에 의해 소디움실리케이트로부터 생성된 실리카($SiO_2$) 나노 입자를 코팅하여 PSL/$SiO_2$ 코어-쉘 형태의 입자를 제조하였다. 유기용매인 테트라하이드로푸란(tetrahydrofuran, THF)을 이용하여 코어-쉘 입자 내부의 유기주형을 제거 하였다. 코어-쉘 입자 제조 시 용매의 종류 및 pH의 변화에 따라 생성되는 중공형 실리카 입자의 형상을 조사하였다. PSL/$SiO_2$ 코어-쉘 입자 제조 시 용매를 에탄올에서 물로 변경했을 때 중공형 실리카 입자가 성공적으로 제조되었으며 낮은 pH 값을 갖는 용매에서 쉘 두께가 균일한 중공형 실리카 입자가 형성되었다. 중공형 실리카 입자의 반사도를 측정한 결과 상용 제품(Insuladd)보다 높은 반사 특성을 보여주었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2010

층과 층 사이의 정전기적인력, 수소결합 또는 공유결합을 이용하여 층당 두께를 수 옹스트롱에서부터 수십 나노미터까지 제조할 수 있으며 박막의 표면 형태를 흡착시키고자 하는 물질 및 박막 후처리 공정을 통해 제어할 수 있으며 더 나아가, 삽입하는 물질의 특성에 따라 박막의 기능성을 집적화 및 다양화시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 층상자기조립방법의 특성을 이용하여 반사방지막, 초소수성 필름 및 전기화학센서로의 응용가능성을 제시하였다. 반사방지막의 경우, 구형의 블록공중합체를 유리기판 위에 다층박막으로 적층시킴으로써 박막 굴절률을 1.25까지 감소시켰고 이를 통해 약 99.5%의 빛 투과도를 달성할 수 있었다. 더 나아가 바이오물질인 엔자임을 다층박막에 삽입시킬 경우, 활성 산소를 분해시키는 전기화학센서로의 제조가 가능함을 보인다. 본 연구는 본인이 이미 발표한 논문(J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 9935 (2006); Adv. Mater. 19, 4364 (2007); Electro. Mater. Lett. 3, 163 (2007))들을 정리하여 층상자기조립법에 관해 소개하는 논문이다.