• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.257-263
• /
• 2012

The selection of suitable delignification conditions and optimization of process variables is crucial to the successful operation of chemical pulping processes. Soda pulping of Carpolobia lutea was investigated, as an alternative raw material for pulp and paper production. The process was optimized under the influence of three operational variables, namely, temperature, time and concentration of cooking liquor. Equations derived using a second - order polynomial design predicted the pulp yield and lignin dissolution with errors less than 8% and 11% respectively. The maximum variations in the pulp yield using a second order factorial design was caused by changes in both time and alkali concentration. Optimum pulp yield of 43.87% was obtained at low values of the process variables. The selectivity of lignin dissolution was independent of the working conditions, allowing quantitative estimations to be established between the pulp yield and residual lignin content within the range studied.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.225-231
• /
• 2000

Dimensional synthesis of planar and spatial mechanisms mostly requires solution-finding, procedure for a system of polynomial equations. In case the system is nonlinear, numerical techniques like Newton-Raphson are often used. But there are no logical ways for finding all possible solutions in such iterative methods. In this paper, algebraic elimination is used to get all solutions for the synthesis of 5-SS spatial mechanism with seven prescribed positions. The proposed algorithm is more suitable for computer implementation and takes less time than existing one. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the implemented algorithm.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.390-396
• /
• 1982

The onset of longitudinal vortices in horizontal Blasius flow isothermally heated from below is studied analytically. The assumption that at the onset of thermal instability the thermal disturbances are confined within the thermal boundary layer is employed for the limiting case of large Prandtl number. Polynomial representations for the basic quantities obtained by the integral method of the boundary layer analysis have been used. Then the system of differential equations and boundary conditions for disturbance quantities is reformulated in a convenient form so that the solutions may be constructed as rapidly convergent power series. The critical buoyancy parameter G $r_{x}$ $^{*}$ /R $e^{*1.5}$ falls between 2 and 6, which is about one order of magnitude lower than the existing experimental values. It is also shown that the positions of the onset of instability can be closely predicted by the present theory.y.y.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권9호
• /
• pp.2001-2006
• /
• 2009

Temperature dependence of the critical micelle concentration (CMC), $x_{CMC}$, in micellization can be described by ln $x_{CMC}$ = A + BT + C lnT + D/T, which has been derived statistical-mechanically. Here A, B, C, and D are fitting parameters. The equation fits the CMC data better than conventionally used polynomial equations of temperature. Moreover, it yields the unique(exponent) value of 2 when the CMC is expressed in a power-law form. This finding is quite significant, because it may point to the universality of the thermal behavior of CMC. Hence, in this article, the nature of the equation ln $x_{CMC}$ = A + BT + C lnT + D/T is examined from a lattice-theory point of view through the Flory-Huggins model. It is found that a linear behavior of heat capacity change of micellization is responsible for the CMC equation of temperature.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 1973

본 논문은 한개의 터널다이오드로 구성된 시간에 무관한 비선형 회로를 논한다 부저항 소자로 구성된 비선형 회로의 해를 구하기 전에 비선형 소자의 정특성을 어떤 함수로 표시할 필요가 있다. 최소 자승법에 의해서 정특성을 표현하는 근사 다항식 커브를 구했다. 비선형 회로를 해석하기 위해서는 우선 그 회로에 관한 상태방정식이 설정되면 프레딕터·코렉터 방법에 의해서 해를 구할수 있다. 최종적으로, 비선형 회로의 안정도와 발진 조건을 논하기 위해서 limit cycle을 점철했다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제33권5_6호
• /
• pp.657-670
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we provide numerical analysis of so-called Legendre Gauss-Radau and Legendre-Gauss collocation methods for ordinary differential equations. After recasting these collocation methods as Runge-Kutta methods, we prove that the Legendre-Gauss collocation method is equivalent to the well-known Gauss method, while the Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation method does not belong to the classes of Radau IA or Radau IIA methods in the Runge-Kutta literature. Making use of the well-established theory of Runge-Kutta methods, we study stability and accuracy of the Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation method. Numerical experiments are conducted to confirm our theoretical results on the accuracy and numerical stability of the Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation method, and compare Legendre-Gauss collocation method with the Gauss method.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.43-53
• /
• 2013

Lane marking detection based on a mono camera sensor provides a low cost solution to both ITS (intelligent transportation systems) and DAS (driver assistant systems). A number of methods and implementations have been reported in the literature. However, reliable detection is still an issue. Traditional approaches are mostly based on statistics or Hough transforms. However, the former approaches usually include many irrelevant detection areas, and the latter are not practical because actual lanes are not usually suitable for the approximation with linear or polynomial equations. In this paper, we focus on increasing the reliability of detection by reducing the detection of irrelevant areas while improving the detection of actual lane marking areas, which is usually a tradeoff for most conventional approaches. We use scale-space for that. Through experiments with real images obtained from various environments, we could achieve a significant improvement over traditional approaches.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.1287-1309
• /
• 2005

A key exchange protocol using commutative subalge-bras of a full matrix algebra is considered. The security of the protocol depends on the difficulty of solving matrix equations XRY = T, with given matrices R and T. We give a polynomial time algorithm to solve XRY = T for the choice of certain types of subalgebras. We also compare the efficiency of the protocol with the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol on the key computation time and the key size.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제6권6호
• /
• pp.599-604
• /
• 2005

A functional suspension model is proposed as a kinematic describing function of the suspension, that represents the relative wheel displacement in polynomial form in terms of the vertical displacement of the wheel center and steering rack displacement. The relative velocity and acceleration of the wheel is represented in terms of first and second derivatives of the kinematic describing function. The system equations of motion for the full vehicle dynamic model are systematically derived by using velocity transformation method of multi-body dynamics. The comparison of test and simulation results demonstrates the validity of the proposed functional suspension modeling method. The model is computationally very efficient to achieve real-time simulation on TMS 320C6711 150 MHz DSP board of HILS (hardware-in-the-loop simulation) system for ECU (electronic control unit) evaluation of semi-active suspension.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.201-210
• /
• 2009

A loss minimizing controller is developed for a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The PMSM losses are modeled by some experimental equations. Applying Lagrangian to the loss function, a necessary condition for the optimality appears to be a fourth order polynomial, and the loss minimizing solutions are obtained by a simple numerical approach. On the other hand, the loss minimizing solutions are found by scanning the motor loss in the entire operating region. The two results agree well. The loss minimizing current sets for given torque and speed are made into a table, which is utilized as a look-up in the current control loop.