• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2016

Polychlorinated biphenyl은 잔류성 환경 오염물질로서, 다양한 생리 독성 때문에 인축에 대한 세부적 연구가 수행된 바 있다. 한편 포유동물을 대상으로 진행된 연구에서 hydroxy PCBs, PCB quinones, 및 methylsulfonyl PCBs 등의 대사물이 발견되었으며, 이들은 모화합물과는 상이한 독성을 나타낸다고 보고되었다. 그러나 이와 같은 동물에 대한 연구와 비교하여, 식물 및 토양 미생물에 대한 영향, 독성 등에 대한 연구는 매우 제한적이다. 일반적으로 식물의 경우, 농약 등과 같은 외래 물질 또는 자외선, 병원균 등의 외래 스트레스원의 작용을 받게되면, 특이 생물활성을 지닌 파이토알렉신 등의 이차 대사산물을 생합성하는 것이 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 수 종의 PCB 및 hydroxy PCB, phenol류 등을 화학적으로 합성하고, 이들의 처리에 따른 당근 중, 파이토알렉신인 6-메톡시멜레인 생합성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 증류수를 처리한 대조구의 경우, 파이토알렉신의 농도는 처리 후 2일에 최대치까지 증가하였으며, 이후 지속적으로 감소하였다. 한편 2-hydroxy/4-hydroxybiphenyl의 경우, 처리 후 3일까지 증대한 반면, 비교적 지용성이 높은 PCB-126 및 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybiphenyl 처리구에서는 처리 1일 후, 최대치를 나타내어 화합물의 구조 또는 지용성 등에 따라 다른 유도효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에 따라, 환경 오염물질의 성상에 따라, 토양 중, 재배 농작물의 생리 활성 2차 대사물질의 생합성이 다양하게 변화됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.9-12
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• 1996

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) is one of major toxic pollutants in marine environments, This artificial chlorinated compound has been found in freshwater, seawater, soil, sediments and organismes living in various environments. Because of its toxicity and degradability, its uses in industrial processes have been banned after 1984 in Korea. Coastal area is an important environment for agriculture, industry, transportation, reduction of pollution loads through biogeochemical processes, cycling of nutrients and recreation. Input of pollutants from land and freshwater has been occurring through runoff, rivers and estuaries. Concentrations of PCBs were determined with GC-ECD. Concentrations of PCBs were in the range of 1.0 - 19.2 ng/g-dry weight of sediment(g-d.w.) at Ulsan, 4.5 -8,2 ng/g-d.w. at Onsan, 2.7 - 33.5 ng/g-d.w. at Masan and 4.0 - 60.7 ng/g-d.w. in Kwangyang, In Inchon area, PCBs were not detected in sediments. In sediments of Nakdong estuary, the distribution of PCBs' concentrations was 0.19 - 303 ng/g-d.w.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.286-292
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• 2021

Background: The effect of exposure to environmental factors on autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially during pregnancy, is unclear. Purpose: This meta-analysis investigated the association between exposure to pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during pregnancy and ASD risk among children. Methods: We searched Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest for articles published through September 2019. Random-effects models were used to examine the association among studies using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). I2 tests were used to measure interstudy heterogeneity. Results: The pooled OR indicated a significant association between PCB and pesticide exposure during pregnancy and ASD risk among children (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.26-2.34; and OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39), respectively. Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicate that exposure to pesticides and PCBs during pregnancy may affect the risk of ASD among children.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2004년도 봄 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.99-100
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• 2004

PCBs를 분석한 결과 붕어는 4개 지점에서 모두 검출되었으며 5.6염화 PCBs가 대부분을 차지하였고, 황소개구리는 2개 지점에서 5~7염화 PCBs가 일부 검출되었으며 나머지 시료에서는 검출되지 않았다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.379-380
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• 2003

PCBs를 분석한 결과 붕어는 전 지점에서 검출되었으며 3~7염소가 주로 검출되었고, 황소개구리는 4개 지점에서 2염소, 5~7염소가 일부 검출되었고 대부분의 시료에서 검출되지 않았다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회지 제13권(제2호)
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• pp.231-232
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• 2004

PCBs를 분석한 결과 낙동강 유역 4개 전 지점에서 검출되었으며, $4\~6$염소 PCBs가 주로 검출되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.349-352
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• 2003

Recent studies have shown that some of the PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl)-degraders are able to effectively degrade PCB in the presence of monoterpenes, which act as inducers for the degradation pathway. Rhodococcus sp. T104, an effective PCB degrader, has been shown to induce the degradation pathway by utilizing limonenes, cymenes, carvones, and pinenes as sole carbon sources which can be found in the natural environment. Moreover, the strain T104 proved to possess three separate oxidation pathways of limonene, biphenyl, and phenol. Of these three, the limonene can also induce the biphenyl degradation pathway. In this work, we report the presence of three distinct genes for aromatic oxygenase, which are putatively involved in the degradation of aromatic substrates including biphenyl, limonene, and phenol, through PCR amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The genes were differentially expressed and well induced by limonene, cymene, and plant extract A compared to biphenyl and/or glucose. This indicates that substrate specificity must be taken into account when biodegradation of the target compounds are facilitated by the plant natural substrates.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1994

장미(Rosa sp. cv. Paul's Scarlet)와 밀(Triticum aestivum L.)의 조직 배양체에서 polychlorinated biphenyl(PCB)의 대사를 조사하였다. 조사된 PCB는 2개에서 6개까지의 치환 염소를 보유한 19종류였다. PCB를 투여하여 96시간 동안 배양시킨 결과 장미에서는 9종, 밀에서는 5종류가 30% 이상의 대사율을 나타내었다. 대사율이 높은 PCB들은 모두 2번 위치에 치환 염소를 갖는다는 공통점이 있으며, 대사율이 낮은 PCB일수록 평면적 구조를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 밀의 배양세포는 para- 위치에 치환 염소를 갖는 PCB에 대한 대사 활성이 전혀 없었다. 두 종의 배양 세포 모두에서 phenobarbital을 처리한 경우 non-p-chlorinated biphenyl의 대사율만이 증가하였으며, parachlorinated biphenyl의 대사 활성은 phenobarbital 처리에 영향을 받지 않았다. 또한 phenobarbital의 처리에 의하여 cinnamate-4-hydroxylase의 활성이 140% 이상 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 식물체에서의 PCB 대사가 그 구조에 의해 결정될 수 있으며, 특히 para- 위치의 치환 염소를 보유한 종류와 그렇지 않은 종류는 별개의 cytochrome p450의 동위 효소에 의하여 대사될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2001

The effect of moisture content an the reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls and population dynamics of dechlorinating microorganisms was investigated in sediments spiked with Aroclor 1248. In sediment slurry with an overlying water layer, dechlorination ensued after a 4-week lag period and reduced the average number of chlorines per biphenyl from 3.91 to 3.15 after 48 weeks. In the sediments of reduced moisture content, however, dechlorination occurred after a lag period of 12 weeks and decreased the average number of chlorines per biphenyl to only 3.62, and the dechlorination rate was also slower. When the population size of dechlorinators, methanogens, and sulfate-reducing bacteria was determined by the most probable number techniques, however, no difference was found between the slurry and the low-moisture sediments, except for methanogens. The growth of dechlorinating populations coincided with the end of the lag period and they then increased by 3 orders of magnitude in two conditions. Specific growth rate of dechlorinators showed little difference between the slurry and the low-moisture sediments; however, growth yield was high in the sediments of reduced moisture content. The reduction of sediment moisture decreased the dechlorination rate and extent of PCBs but did not inhibit the growth of PCB dechlorinators.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.119-127
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• 2000

The development and performance of a competitive indirect immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of polychlorinated biphenyl compounds in insulating oils is presented. Reagent preparation and the assay characterisation, optimisation and validation steps are described. The dynamic range of the assay for Aroclors 1254 and 1260 in methanol was $50-800 {\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ with $50\%$ signal inhibition values of 217 and $ 212 {\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ respectively. Impending legislation in the UK is likely to decree that oils containing $ >50 {\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ PCB be considered contaminated. Assay sensitivity increased with the degree of PCB chlorination. The assay of structurally related compounds of environmental concern yielded cross-reactivity values of under $0.6\%$. The immunoassay proved reliable for the analysis of transformer oils containing $>70{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ PCB, but over-estimated PCB levels in oils containing $<20{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ of the analyte with the oils requiring pre-treatment using either solid-phase extraction techniques or washing with KOH-ethanol/sulphuric acid to remove matrix interferents. The analytical performance of the assay was compared against a commercially available semi-quantitative immunoassay kit for PCBs in soil and water.