• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 1998

The government policy on the occupational safety and health is the fundamental factor for the effectiveness and efficiency of the accident prevention efforts. However this point of view is comparatively neglected and most of policy in occupational safety and health has not been successful enough in Korea. Thus, this study aims to reduce the accidents at work in Korea through the improvement of the decision-making process on the occupational safety and health policy in Korea. The recommendations are derived from the comparison between the policy decision-making organization and process of Korea and those of other major countries. Capitulated recommendations are: more involvement of professional individuals in the process of policy decision-making; intensive utilization of research institutes; and more openness of the process of policy decision-making to the stakeholders ie, the representatives of employees and employers.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2014

Background: Most studies on the national health insurance benefit expansion policy have focused on policy tools or decision-making process. Hence there was not enough understanding on how policies are actually implemented within the specific policy context in Korea which has a national mandatory health insurance system with a dominant proportion of private providers. The main objectives of this study is to understand the implementation process of the benefit coverage expansion policy. Unlike other implementation studies, we tried to examine both the process of implementation and decision making and how they interact with each other. Methods: Interviews were conducted with the ex-members of the Health Insurance Policy Review Committee. Medical doctors who implement the policy at the 'street-level' were also interviewed. To figure out major variables and the degree of their influences, the data were analyzed with Winter's Policy Implementation Model which integrates the decision making and implementation phases. Results: As predicted by the Winter model, problems in the decision making phase, such as conflicts among the members of committee, lack of applicable causal theories application of highly symbolic activities, and limited attention of citizen to the issue are key variables that cause the 'implementation failure.' In the implementation phase, hospitals' own financial interests and practitioners' dependence on the hospitals' guidance were barriers to meeting the policy goals of providing a better coverage for patients. Patients, the target group, tend to prefer physicians who prescribe more treatment and medicine. To note, 'fixers' who can link and fill the gap between the decision-makers and implementers were not present. Conclusion: For achieving the policy goal of providing a better and more coverage to patients, the critical roles of medical providers as street-level implementers should be noted. Also decision making process of benefit package expansion policy should incorporate its influence on the implementation phase.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.107-129
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to critically examine Korean government's efforts in policy making and implementation regarding the Korea National Health Insurance System in the past and suggest a new paradigm for future policy changes. The structural and political characteristics of the Korea National Health Insurance, where health care services are provided almost exclusively by the private providers and funding for health comes equally from public and private sources, imply persistent difficulties in the operation of the system This may partially explain why the Korean system has continually experienced conflicts among stakeholders whenever there was an attempt to change policy. In this paper, we discuss four cases to illustrate such difficulties and barriers. We propose that in order to address these challenges and reduce policy errors as well as unintended results, it is necessary to restructure policy making process from being oriented toward 'quantitative expansion' to 'qualitative maturity', from a 'linear thinking' to a 'system thinking', from taking a 'top-down' to a 'governance and participatory' decision making process.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2017

Purpose: This study proposes the optimal PM (preventive maintenance) policy of leased equipment for lessee's decision-making using two types of reliability condition. Methods: We consider reliability threshold based PM model. Equipment reliability is estimated and used as condition variable. The effect of repair for maintenance is imperfect and represented by age reduction factor. Results: We provide two PM policies. Policy 1 is focused on minimized total cost. This policy guarantees reliability threshold until last maintenance action. Policy 2 focus on maintaining reliability threshold during leased period. The proposed approach provides optimal reliability threshold under number of PM. Through result, we finally construct decision-making process for lessee using reliability threshold and end of reliability. Conclusion: This study provides two PM policy for lessee's decision-making. Through numerical example, we get a result of optimal reliability threshold, number of PM, optimum alternative under lessee's reliability condition.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.159-174
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• 2003

This study reviews the emerging new model of science and technology decision making process. It examines the open source software development model and community-based innovation model in technological innovation and the active participation model of Consensus Conference and Citizen's Jury in science and technology policy decision making. It argues that the role and influence of users in innovation and policy making is becoming important in these emerging models and the existing supplier-led, bureaucratic model of science and technology decision making model is changing.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2020

Backgrounds : To reduce the patients' economic burden of herbal decoctions use, in 2012, Korean government decided to implement the pilot project of herbal decoctions coverage in the National Health Insurance. Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the policy decision-making process for the pilot insurance project in 2012. Methods : Official documents, research papers, statistical reports, and news articles, etc. on the coverage of herbal decoctions were searched and collected. We used the Kingdon's Policy Stream Model to analyze how the policy of pilot project of herbal decoctions coverage was decided, and who were the main activists for the decision-making process. Results : Components to be included in the 'Problem stream' were the decline in the profits of Korean Medicine institutions, the contraction of the herbal decoctions use, and the fiscal surplus of National Health Insurance. In the 'Policy stream', there were several model studies for herbal decoctions coverage, and examples of herbal benefits in other social insurances. In the 'Political stream', there were the legislative initiatives by member of the National Assembly and the promotion of insurance coverage by the Association of Korean Medicine(AKOM), etc. Policy window for herbal decoctions coverage was opened by the combination of these three streams with the efforts of policy activists, such as the executives of AKOM, and policy researchers. Conclusions : The policy decision process for health insurance coverage of herbal decoctions was analyzed using Kingdon's model, and the analysis shows that the combination of political streams and entrepreneurs' competencies can be an important driving force in policy decision making.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.458-470
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• 2021

한국의 정책 현실에서는 사회적으로 큰 이슈가 되지만 막상 정책 결정이 이루어지지 않는 경우가 많이 있다. 이렇게 정책 결정이 지연되는 이유로는 적정한 정책 절차를 거치기 위해서 지연되는 경우, 이해관계자의 동의가 이루어지지 않아 지연되는 경우 등도 존재하지만, 이와 같은 사유만으로 정당화되지 않는 정책 지연도 다수 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 현재 한국의 정책 결정 과정에서 정당화되지 않는 정책 지연은 정부에 의한 의도적인 무의사결정으로 설명할 수 있다는 점을 제시하고자 하였다. 이에 대한 사례로 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰을 제시하고, 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰 정책 과정을 무의사결정의 시각에서 분석하였다. 엘리트층의 존재, 목적, 정책수단, 정책과정, 결과 등의 요소들을 기반으로 분석한 결과 상암동 롯데복합쇼핑몰 건립 지연 사례는 정부의 적극적이고 전략적인 무의사결정에 의한 것으로 추정될 수 있었다. 소극행정과 구분되는 정부의 전략적인 무의사결정에 대해 향후 다양한 검토가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.298-308
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• 2014

Objectives: To assess the current public participation in-local health policy and its implications through the analysis of policy networks in health center programs. Methods: We examined the decision-making process in sub-health center installations and the implementation process in metabolic syndrome management program cases in two districts ('gu's) of Seoul. Participants of the policy network were selected by the snowballing method and completed self-administered questionnaires. Actors, the interactions among actors, and the characteristics of the network were analyzed by Netminer. Results: The results showed that the public is not yet actively participating in the local public health policy processes of decision-making and implementation. In the decision-making process, most of the network actors were in the public sector, while the private sector was a minor actor and participated in only a limited number of issues after the major decisions were made. In the implementation process, the program was led by the health center, while other actors participated passively. Conclusions: Public participation in Korean public health policy is not yet well activated. Preliminary discussions with various stakeholders, including civil society, are needed before making important local public health policy decisions. In addition, efforts to include local institutions and residents in the implementation process with the public officials are necessary to improve the situation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.572-580
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• 2014

Mobile operators in saturated markets increasingly favor mobile network sharing (MNS) over facility-based competition. Previous research examining MNS primarily focused on its positive effects, while the negative effects were largely overlooked. This study proposes a decision-making model using an analytic hierarchy process technique to evaluate decision-making criteria among various types of MNS policies. The decision-making model was applied to Wireless Broadband services in Korea to determine the relative importance of both positive and negative evaluation criteria and preference among multiple types of MNS policies. Positive evaluation criteria (that is, efficiency) were far greater in importance than negative evaluation criteria (that is, competition harm). The preference for adopting MNS among five alternative approaches was also revealed. The study findings offer immediate policy insights in Korea and provide a decision-making framework for policy makers in other countries to utilize.

• 정보화정책
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.3-35
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• 2019

4차 산업혁명시대에 지능정보기술의 발전에 따라 인공지능의 다양한 역할이 주목을 받고 있다. 구글의 알파고를 계기로 인공지능은 더 이상 공상의 기술이 아닌 실존하는 기술이라는 점에서 사회전역에 파급효과를 가져올 것으로 예상되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 공공부문에서 인공지능을 활용한 정책결정의 가능성과 쟁점에 대한 탐색적 논의를 진행하였다. 이에 따른 연구목적은 세 가지 측면으로 구분되며, 첫째, 공공부문에서 인공지능이 정책결정까지 이어질 수 있는지에 대한 검토이다. 둘째, 인공지능의 정책결정과정이 기존 정책결정과의 어떠한 차이를 가지는가이다. 셋째, 인공지능이 정책결정에 도입될 경우에 나오게 될 쟁점을 다루었다. 이러한 인공지능에 의한 정책결정이 기존의 정채결정과 구별되는 점은 많은 정보와 대안에 기반한 합리적 의사결정, 투명성 및 신뢰성의 제고, 정책이슈에 대한 객관적인 시각, 신속한 의사결정 등이다. 하지만 인공지능의 정책의사결정시 야기되는 쟁점 역시 존재 한다. 첫째는 인공지능의 우월성, 둘째 윤리성 논란, 셋째 책임성, 넷째 기존 민주주의의 변화, 다섯째 공공부문 인력의 대체 논쟁, 여섯째 인공지능에 필요한 데이터 활용의 문제점 등이다. 공공부문 정책의사결정에서 인공지능의 도입은 향후 실현될 것이기 때문에, 사회적 충격을 최소화하기 위해 그에 따른 순기능과 역기능에 대한 융합적인 접근이 필요하다.