• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2004

As for the purpose of this study, education facilities must be considered by a change of an education facilities equipment acid education system and aromatic character of an educational policy with a means to support to efficiently proceed education by study about a plan of the school education facilities which considered safety. That is, education facilities must become maintenance on design construction according to education action character and goal. This is not for a function of education to be decided according to education facilities, and education facilities must be decided so that adjustment can do an education function. The student center, a student are convenient, and an actor must do a plan of education facilities with an usable physical space contrariety, future directivity. As for the plan of school education facilities, facilities must be designed on functionality, an economy, flexibility, aesthetic appreciation anger, a foundation of stability for this so that objective of education realization is easy.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2022

A reward function suitable for a task is required to manipulate objects through reinforcement learning. However, it is difficult to design the reward function if the ample information of the objects cannot be obtained. In this study, a demonstration-based object manipulation algorithm called stochastic exploration guided by demonstration (SEGD) is proposed to solve the design problem of the reward function. SEGD is a reinforcement learning algorithm in which a sparse reward explorer (SRE) and an interpolated policy using demonstration (IPD) are added to soft actor-critic (SAC). SRE ensures the training of the critic of SAC by collecting prior data and IPD limits the exploration space by making SEGD's action similar to the expert's action. Through these two algorithms, the SEGD can learn only with the sparse reward of the task without designing the reward function. In order to verify the SEGD, experiments were conducted for three tasks. SEGD showed its effectiveness by showing success rates of more than 96.5% in these experiments.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.41-63
• /
• 2016

Energy policy is known to have higher path dependency among policy fields (Kuper and van Soest, 2003; OECD, 2012; Kikkawa, 2013) and is a critical component of the infrastructure development undertaken in the early stages of nation building. Actor roles, such as those played by interest groups, are firmly formed, making it unlikely that institutional change can be implemented. In resource-challenged Japan, energy policy is an especially critical policy area for the Japanese government. In comparing energy policy making in Japan and Germany, Japan’s policy community is relatively firm (Hartwig et al., 2015), and it is improbable that institutional change can occur. The Japanese government’s approach to energy policy has shifted incrementally in the past half century, with the most recent being the 2012 implementation of the “Feed-In Tariff Law” (Act on Special Measures Concerning Procurement of Renewable Electric Energy by Operators of Electric Utilities), which encourages new investment in renewable electricity generation and promotes the use of renewable energy. Yet, who were the actors involved and the factors that influenced the establishment of this new law? This study attempts to assess the factors associated with implementing the law as well as the roles of the relevant major actors. In answering this question, we focus on identifying the policy networks among government, political parties, and interest groups, which suggests that success in persuading key economic groups could be a factor in promoting the law. Our data is based on the “Global Environmental Policy Network Survey 2012-2013 (GEPON2)” which was conducted immediately after the March 11, 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake with respondents including political parties, the government, interest groups, and civil society organizations. Our results suggest that the Feed in Tariff (FIT) Law’s network structure is similar to the information network and support network, and that the actors at the center of the network support the FIT Law. The strength of our research lays in our focus on political networks and their contributing mechanism to the law’s implementation through analysis of the political process. From an academic perspective, identifying the key actors and factors may be significant in explaining institutional change in policy areas with high path dependency. Close examination of this issue also has implications for a society that can promote renewable and sustainable energy resources.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제9권9호
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 성범죄예방정책의 전반적인 정책결정시스템을 파악하고, 정책형성과정에서의 행위자의 상호작용과 패턴을 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 이는 성범죄예방정책의 실패 경우에 원인규명 및 정책개선을 제시할 수 있는 유용한 방법이다. 연구의 방법으로는 사례분석과 언어네트워크 분석을 통한 옹호연합모형을 활용하였다. 분석결과 외적환경에서는 성범죄의 낮은 신고, 예방관리를 위한 기술적개선 및 보완, 성범죄 피해자의 의식, 법률안의 개정과 대통령의지지 등이 나타났다. 옹호연합 간의 갈등은 찬성에서는 강력한 규제와 재범방지, 착용대상의 범위확대를 반대에서는 제도의 일시적 효과와 법률안의 소급을 반대하였다. 문제해결전략으로 제도의 확장을 통한 찬성의 입장과 인력부족 및 관리 소홀의 문제를 삼는 반대적 입장이 첨예하게 대립되었음을 확인하였다. 그리고, 언론보도내용 측면에서도 이러한 현상을 성범죄예방 목적의 중앙정부 차원에서 예방 및 관리의 관심도로 이해하는 경향이 강함을 시사한다. 따라서, 이제까지의 성범죄예방과 관련 연구들은 검증방법들이 매우 미흡하였지만, 이 연구를 통해 부정적 정책악순환의 연결고리를 끊는데 조금이나마 도움이 되기를 기대한다.

• 기술혁신연구
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.147-175
• /
• 2006

One of the biggest problems of Korean economy is polarization of firms for export and domestic demand and that of conglomerates and SME's achievement. One of the culprits lies weakness of intermediate industry such as machine tool. Since intermediate industry is important path where export performance affects domestic demand and whose actor usually is SMEs with high spill over effect in labor market. Especially, intermediate industry Is vulnerable because of industrial policy biased In backward linkage effect. However if a country fails to develop intermediate industry above some critical point, that country would fall in low-tech equilibrium without growth. In case of benign circle where final goods industry growth leads growth of intermediate industry and again it leads that of final goods industry, it can reach high-tech equilibrium. By contrast, in opposite case where in industrialization latecomer fails to link industries likewise above some critical point that country would fall in low-tech equilibrium without growth. Moreover, for several reasons, machine tool firms of Korea have difficulty in catching up technology above critical point. Firstly. Conglomerate demander neglects their product. Secondly, even after success of development overcoming difficulties they fail to get market share for response of dumping of foreign competitors. And the last one is patent litigation of foreign competitors that incapacitate the technology development. For these, Korean machine tool firms fell in 'middle-income country trap' itself, since they stuck in some extent when they technologically catch up. Consequently, for latecomer country in machine tool industry to leapfrog meaningfully policy support is necessary, Weak intermediate industry does not Induce domestic firms and remained fragile. Therefore, localization, policy should reflect condition of technological catch up more than before, in order to be effective and fruitful. There should be turning point over relationship between conglomerates, major demander of machine tool and SME's, for only with active purchasing of conglomerate Korean machine industry can grow.

• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.342-357
• /
• 2011

새로운 지역발전 패러다임으로 지역단위가 세계시장의 경쟁에 참여하고 있으며, 지역의 중요성이 더욱 중요시되고 있다. 이러한 과정에서 주변부 지역에서는 지역의 경쟁력을 이끌 수 있는 수단으로 지역자원을 이용한 산업의 발굴 및 이용에 주목하고 있다. 지역자원기반산업은 지역의 내생적 발전을 이끄는 중요한 기제이다. 본 연구는 주변부지역의 지역발전정책에의 함의를 도출하기 위하여 지역자원기반산업의 산업집적지 형성과정 및 발전과정을 살펴보았다. 지역자원기반산업의 산업집적지 형성과정을 고찰하고, 성공요인을 밝히는 것은 산업역동성의 근본적인 토대를 이해하는 데 중요하다. 본 연구의 3장에서는 지역자원기반산업이 형성하는 배경 및 성공 프로세스를 역사적 접근방법으로 살펴보고, 4장에서는 사례연구에서 나타난 지역자원기반산업의 성공요인을 도출하고, 5장에서는 앞의 연구를 요약하고 지역발전정책수립시에 활용할 수 있는 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.21-21
• /
• 2011

Many Asian countries are suffered from various problems on water, which include the need for increased access to improves water supplies and sanitation through investments in infrastructure and capacity building, the balances water management system between development and ecosystem, and the need to reduce the human populations'vulnerability to water-related disasters, in particular, from climate variability and evolution. Decison makers are the most influential people in policy making and solving global water problems is central issue in eradicating poverty and achieving sustainable development (MDG). They across the world form an integral part of the architecture of national or regional governance. Their role covers a range of decision-making processes including passing legislation, scrutinizing government policy, and representing citizen through the election. We must ensure that these quiet but important issues get the political space, financial priority and public attention they deserve. Regional bodies such as the EU have also enacted legislation which introduces rules on water quality and other enforceable mattera across state boundaries. With this growing body of laws and policies on water issues, the role of decision makers is growing. Recognizing this role, decison makers' platform is essential to provide an opportunity to discuss crucial water issues in each country or region and for the purpose "2010 Parliaments for Water in Asia" has planned and organized to investigate our common issues and goals. During the meeting, we have an opportunity to observe water policy of Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Mongolia, New Zealand and the Philippines and share the views on what needs to be done to move forward by decision makers for the future of water. In conclusion, the process of developing the decision makers' platform in each region would be ultimately essential point to increase the awareness of the developed and developing countries' roles, knowledge to clarify roles and responsibilities of each stake holders and finally be a major actor for resolving not only water challenges also issues of human settlements.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.573-586
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to review the conceptual framework of social constructionism and critical social constructionism in the research area of multi-cultural family homes, using a literature review. Fopp argued that social constructionism had an objectivation problem that only considered the actor side as a policy object; therefore he suggested a weaker social constructionist perspective with moderate relativism and the application of feminist epistemology to marginal life for maximizing objectivity. This article explores a conceptual framework for studying the reality of housing of multi-cultural families in Korea in the light of constructionist ideas and presents a review of empirical positivist data to support the framework. Based on results, using the social constructionist framework, five contexts (structural, institutional, organizational, operational, and intersubjective) were reviewed and ideas were suggested to develop an appropriate future situation for multi-cultural family homes. For a weaker social constructionist framework, three National Survey of Multi-Cultural Family Homes data sets were reviewed to determine the real condition of multi-cultural family homes. Further, from a feminist perspective, the empirical data of marginalized multi-cultural family homes were reviewed from the perspectives of gender inequality of decision making, cultural adaptation, and differentiation in housing related areas. In conclusion, two perspectives were useful for understanding multi-cultural family housing in Korea but must be compensated with substantial empirical data for a holistic approach.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.63-89
• /
• 2020

Objectives : To suggest conditions that will allow for change in Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) curricula through analysis of the failure of widespread acceptance of the integrated curriculum into all Traditional Medicine Colleges. Methods : First, the process of change between TKM education and medical education was compared. Next, the conditions that would stimulate change in TKM curricula were analyzed in three levels: structure, policy, and actor. Results : TKM colleges have not experienced a structural change from the six-year to four-year structure. The accreditation standards of TKM education (KAS2021) should be more supportive instead of forcing change, and the goals should be reset to education improvement instead of meeting the standards of WFME. The deans' leadership and professors' ownership over their subjects need to be modified. A group of professionals that could lead change is required, while other factors such as full-time professorships, clinical practice hours, obligatory teaching hours and overall teaching environment need to be improved. Conclusions : It would be ideal if individual TKM colleges created success models of curricula change-despite the time and effort that is required-that could spread to other colleges. After the new curriculum has been accepted in more that half of the total eleven TKM colleges, an institutional isomorphism can be demanded.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.48-58
• /
• 2006

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of perceived service quality and symbolic store image on store loyalty in apparel product purchasing and the moderating effect of hedonic shopping orientation. The questionnaire was administered to 450 women shopped in a department store in Gwang-ju during September, 12-26, 2002. Data collected from 384 women were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test by SPSS for WIN Program. The results were as follows. First, consumers' perceived service quality was composed of three factors; product & environment service, sales person's customer oriented service, store policy service factor. Consumers' symbolic store image was composed of three factors; status symbol, favorability. credibility (actor. Second, the perceived service quality significantly influenced store loyalty. Third, the symbolic store image significantly influenced store loyalty. Fourth, interaction effect between perceived service quality and hedonic shopping orientation was found out to be meaningful at store loyalty. Fifth, interaction effect between perceived store image and hedonic shopping orientation was found out to be meaningful at store loyalty.