• 한국사회정책
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.131-167
• /
• 2013

Humanities learning courses for the weak people in Korea is similar to the Clement course initiated by Earl Shorris in the US. This study aims to understand the in depth meaning of the course among the participants of the self-supporting programs in Korea. For this aim, data were collected mainly from the intensive interviews with 7 research participants who have finished both the general and in depth courses offered by Seoul Metropolitan government. Through the study, 4 substantial themes were drawn; 'exploration and acceptance of the unfamiliar', 'new understanding of the self through reflection', 'reconstruction of the self with humanistic value', 'continuous seeking for humanistic life'. As a result, the meaning of humanities learning was found to be 'recovering his/her own originality' or 'living like a decent human being'. Understanding both the results and difficulties that had to be overcome during the course, some practical and policy implications could be drawn.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.519-534
• /
• 2022

This study attempted to prepare a realistic support policy for the early childhood education field by specifically grasping the reality and perception of the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum play-based Education experience of the childcare center teacher. To this end, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with childcare center teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, who had the current Nuri curriculum education experience. For the collected data, implications were derived using Hatch's(2002) pattern analysis and interpretative analysis, and Seidman's(2006) interview data analysis. As a result of this study, first, kindergarten and childcare center teacher apply the same integrated revised Nuri curriculum, but childcare center aims for education that considers childcare perspectives and safety more. Second, childcare center teachers had difficulties in educational matching in the process of linking self-directed open play activities in which infants were the main subjects. Third, childcare center teachers' educational understanding of play activities and ability to grasp values contribute to infant interaction and bond growth. In conclusion, there is an urgent need for a national policy plan for teacher education, exchange support, and infant ratio adjustment for effective education implementation of the current Nuri curriculum.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.281-293
• /
• 2022

The necessity for introducing artificial intelligence(AI) into the public sector to form an intelligent government has been emerging. This study set 'Organizational Agility', 'Exploitation & Exploration Learning', and 'E-government Capability' as independent variables for the introduction of AI in central government. Dependent variables were set on whether AI was adopted in the central government organization 'Bu(mainly conducts policy planning)', and 'Cheong(mainly performs policy execution)'. Logistic regression analysis was performed on each of the two models. As a result, it was derived that ministry Bu adopted AI as organizational agility increased, and ministry Chung adopted AI as e-government capability increased. Particularly, it was identified that the effect of exploitation learning for Cheong organizations offset the influence of AI introduction according to e-government capabilities, while exploratory organizational learning facilitated the AI introduction. This study is meaningful for suggesting a strategy for adopting AI in government.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2006

The possibility of oil reserve has been conformed because the oil has been produced by 450 barrel per day in the West Korea Bay basin of the North Korea. There is also possibility of giant oil reserve since it is geographically close to one of the biggest oil fields of Bohai Basin, China. Based on the on-going oil exploration and the present condition of investment, the areas of ongoing oil exploration are three: West Korea Bay B&C prospect explored by Swedish Taurus, the north of West Korea Bay and Anju basin explored by Canadian SOCO, and East Korea Bay explored by Australian Beach Petroleum. However, there is little or no possibility of oil reserve in the rest sea areas of three. Even though oil reserves were discovered in the some parts of land areas such as Kilju and Myungcheon, it was presumed to have no economical efficiency. Geology in West Korea Bay off the North Korea is similar to that in Bohai Bay off China. The basement consists of thick carbonate rock of the Late Proterozoic and Early Paleozoic overlain by Mesozoic ($6,000{\sim}10,000\;m$) and Cenozoic ($4,000{\sim}5,000\;m$) units. Source rocks are Jurassic black shale (3,000 m or more), Cretaceous black shale ($1,000{\sim}2,000\;m$), and pre-Mesozoic carbonates (several thousand meters). Reservoir rocks are Mesozoic-Cenozoic sandstone with high porosity and pre-Mesozoic fractured carbonate rocks. Petroleum raps are of the anticline, fault sealed, buried hill, and stratigraphic types. It absolutely needs to take up a positive attitude, the activation of ocean science and technology exchange, and the joint research and development of modern MT (Marine Technology) considering the state of establishing new international ocean order forcing on building up 200 nautical mile EEZ (exclusive economic zone) among coastal nations. Both South and North Koreas should extend the ocean jurisdiction and contiguity, and MT development dealing with the same sea areas. It is more urgent problem to find a way to have the North Korea participated in, and then to develop ocean management and ocean industry individually.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.303-316
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out to raise research productivity through the analysis on the research projects and to find trends of mineral resources survey and mineral deposits of the KIGAM for 38 years since the fiscal year of 1976 to 2013. The KIGAM in the projects for mineral resources survey and mineral deposits expended 67.41 billion won for last 38 years, which is 107.07 billion won calculated using the present value in 2013 at discount rate of 5%. R&D expenditure in mineral resources survey and mineral deposits of KIGAM increased approximately 59.4 times from 108 million won in 1976 to 6,420 million won in 2013, and about 9.8 times from 657 million won in 1976, as calculated using the present value in 2013. The percentage of research projects in mineral resources survey by research sub-areas was as follows: survey, 32%(90 projects); origin of ore deposits and basic research, 19%(54 projects); exploration for ore deposits, 17%(48 projects); database and information, 13%(37 projects); mineralogy and ore analysis, 9%(25 projects); and etc., 10%(27 projects). Based on analysis of research trends over the last 38 years, to raise research productivity, the existing survey research techniques with repeated use and related technology development should be enhanced.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.313-374
• /
• 2020

The idea of creating a new International Space Agency (ISA) is only my academic and practical opinion. It is necessary for us to establish ISA as an international organization for the efficient and rapid exploitation of natural resources in the moon, Mars and other celestial bodies. The establishment of ISA as a new international regime is based on the Article 11, 5 and Article 18 of the 1979 Moon Agreement. In order to establish as a preliminary procedure, it needs to make a "Draft for the Convention on the Establishment of an International Space Agency" among the space-faring countries. In this paper, I was examined the domestic space legislation in the United States, Luxembourg, European Space Agency, China, Japan, the Republic of Korea as well as space exploration and planning of the moons, Mars, Asteroids, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Titan and Other Celestial Bodies. The creation of an ISA would lead to a strengthening of the cooperation needed essentially by the developed countries towards joint and cooperative undertakings in space and would act as a catalyst for the space exploration and exploitation of the moon, Mars and other celestial bodies. It will be managed effectively and centrally the exploitation and exploitation of space the natural resources, technology, manpower and finances as an independent organization in order to get the benefit of the space developed countries by ISA. It is desirable and necessary for us to establish ISA in order to promote cooperation in space policy, law, science technology and industry among the space developed countries in the near future. The establishment of the ISA will be promoted the international cooperation among the space-faring countries in exploration and exploitations of the natural resources in the moon and other celestial bodies. I would propose the "Draft for the Convention for the Establishment of an International Space Agency." in refering the "Convention for the Establishment of a European Space Agency." This "Draft for the Convention Convention for the Establishment of an ISA" must pass the abovementioned "Draft for the Convention" by two-third majority of Diplomatic Conference in the UNCOPUOS. Finally, a very important point is need that a political drive at the highest level and a solemn statement by heads of state of the space devloped countries including the United Nations for the space exploitation of the medium and long term. It should be noted that this political drive will be necessary not only to set up the organization, but also during a subsequent period. It is desirable and necessary for us to establish the ISA in order to develop the space industry, to strengthen friendly relations and to promote research cooperation among the space-faring countries based on the new ideology and creative ideas. If the heads of the superpowers including the United Nations will be agreed to establish ISA at a summit conference, 1 am sure that it is possible to establish an ISA in the near future.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.295-347
• /
• 2013

Korea launched the science satellite by the first launch vehicle Naro-ho(KSLV-1) at the Naro Space Center located at Oinarodo, Cohenggun Jellanamdo in August, 2009 and October, 2010. However, the first and second launch failed. At last, on January 30, 2013 the third launch of the launch vehicle Naro-ho has successfully launched and the Naro science satellite penetrated into the space orbit. Owing to the succeed of the launch of Naro-ho, Korea joined the space club by the eleventh turn following the United States, Russia, Japan and China. The United Nations adopted the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, the Rescue Agreement of 1968, the Liability Convention of 1972, the Regislation Convention of 1976, and Moon Agreement of 1979. Korea ratified the above space-related treaties except the Moon Agreement. Such space-related treaties regulate the international liability for the space activity by the launching state of the space object. Especially the Outer Space Treaty regulates the principle concerning the state's liability for the space activity. Each State Party to the Treaty that launches or procures the launching of an object into outer space is internationally liable for damage to another State Party or to its natural or judicial persons by such object or its component parts on the earth, in air space or in outer space. Under the Liability Convention, a launching state shall be absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused by its space object on the surface of the earth or to aircraft in flight. The major nations of the world made national legislations to observe the above space-related treaties, and to promote the space development, and to regulate the space activity. In Korea, the United States, Russia and Japan, the national space-related legislation regulates the government's liability of the launching state of the space object. The national space-related legislations of the major nations are as follows : the Outer Space Development Promotion Act and Outer Space Damage Compensation Act of Korea, the National Aeronautic and Space Act and Commercial Space Launch Act of the United States, the Law on Space Activity of Russia, and the Law concerning Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Space Basic Act of Japan. In order to implement the government's liability of the launching state of space object under space-related treaties and national legislations, and to establish the standing as a strong space nation, Korea shall improve the space-related policy, laws and system as follows : Firstly, the legal system relating to the space development and the space activity shall be maintained. For this matter, the legal arrangement and maintenance shall be made to implement the government's policy and regulation relating to the space development and space activity. Also the legal system shall be maintained in accordance with the elements for consideration when enacting the national legislation relevant to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space adopted by UN COPUOS. Secondly, the liability system for the space damage shall be improved. For this matter, the articles relating to the liability for the damage and the right of claiming compensation for the expense already paid for the damage in case of the joint launch and consigned launch shall be regulated newly. Thirdly, the preservation policy for the space environment shall be established. For this matter, the consideration and preservation policy of the environment in the space development and use shall be established. Also the rule to mitigate the space debris shall be adopted. Fourthly, the international cooperation relating to the space activity shall be promoted. For this matter, the international cooperation obligation of the nation in the exploration and use of outer space shall be observed. Also through the international space-related cooperation, Korea shall secure the capacity of the space development and enter into the space advanced nation.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore how university students perceive the mental health, what are the factors affecting the mental health in their lives. Methods: The participants of this study were eight university students who haven't participated in a class of mental health, residing in G city. This study collected the data between May 9 and June 13, 2016, and adopted a photovoice methodology of participatory action research. Results: The mental health perceived by the participants was expressed as new things re-experiencing in a familiar daily life of themselves, and things seem the same but different from others. Through discussion, the participants found that affecting factors of the mental health they negatively perceived could work on others as positive factors. Also, the participants were in search of a strategy to individually protect the mental health barriers in ways of that could contribute to mental health of the community such as conformity to social regulations. Conclusions: Based on these results, this study was meaningful in that various views were derived to prepare strategies and policy alternatives to promote university students' mental health.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.136-148
• /
• 2017

The paper presents dual arm ROV manipulation using deep reinforcement learning. The purpose of this underwater manipulator is to investigate and excavate natural resources in ocean, finding lost aircraft blackboxes and for performing other extremely dangerous tasks without endangering humans. This research work emphasizes on a self-learning approach using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). DRL technique allows ROV to learn the policy of performing manipulation task directly, from raw image data. Our proposed architecture maps the visual inputs (images) to control actions (output) and get reward after each action, which allows an agent to learn manipulation skill through trial and error method. We have trained our network in simulation. The raw images and rewards are directly provided by our simple Lua simulator. Our simulator achieve accuracy by considering underwater dynamic environmental conditions. Major goal of this research is to provide a smart self-learning way to achieve manipulation in highly dynamic underwater environment. The results showed that a dual robotic arm trained for a 3DOF movement successfully achieved target reaching task in a 2D space by considering real environmental factor.

• New & Renewable Energy
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2020

For mechanical load testing of wind turbines, capture matrix is constructed for various range of wind speeds according to the international standard IEC 61400-13. The conventional method wastes considerable amount of data by its invalid data policy -segment data into 10 minutes then remove invalid ones. Previously, we have suggested an alternative way to save the total amount of data to build a capture matrix, but the efficient selection of data has been still under question. The paper introduces optimization algorithms to construct capture matrix with less data. Heuristic algorithm (simple stacking and lowest frequency first), population method (particle swarm optimization) and Q-Learning accompanied with epsilon-greedy exploration are compared. All algorithms show better performance than the conventional way, where the distribution of enhancement was quite diverse. Among the algorithms, the best performance was achieved by heuristic method (lowest frequency first), and similarly by particle swarm optimization: Approximately 28% of data reduction in average and more than 40% in maximum. On the other hand, unexpectedly, the worst performance was achieved by Q-Learning, which was a promising candidate at the beginning. This study is helpful for not only wind turbine evaluation particularly the viewpoint of cost, but also understanding nature of wind speed data.