• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2005

This study investigated structural changes of the Korea's agriculture and proposed the new direction of rural and agricultural policy in Korea after economic opening. The major results may be summarized as follows: Firstly, the study identified structural changes of the country's peasantry under the economic opening system. Korean agriculture has been deteriorated in population structure, arable land size, and income composition. Secondly, according to above analysis on these changes it suggested that the traditional rural communities were exposed to collapse and this unwanted disaster could result in serious adversities to the national economy. Thirdly, this study proposed preservation policies for small scale farming households and also administrative preparations of multi-dimensional approaches leading to successful rural and agricultural planning.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1992

With the major changes in fisheries management brought about by technological, politico -legal, and economic and biological development, new problems have emerged in the fisheries sector of the European Community countries. In 1986, the entry of Spain and Portugal to the European Community made the Community the third biggest producer of fishery products in the world. It also had considerable impact on the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) due to their fishing fleets. This article examines the complexity of establishing the Common Fisheries Policy in the European Community, while underlining the value of such an approach. It reviews four main areas of the common fisheries policy : access to waters and the conservation and management of stocks ; organization of the market ; structural changes and research, and international relations. It also discusses the specific fisheries problems to which the approach of CAP has been applied. It is argued that the fishery resource policy was the most trublesome to put into practice. It is the forum for such thorny questions as total allowable catch (TAC) and the sharing out of TAC between member states. It is shown that there are many things to be tackled in the CAP for the deeper integration in the fisheries sector. The author concludes by suggesting that the Common Fisheries Policy would be a suitable example to which Republic of Korea could refer in concluding reciprocal fisheries agreements with other countries and making the cooperative fisheries policy with North Korea.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review, analyze and identify the suitability of Kazakh gender policy for the changes taken place in the society with suggesting necessary changes. Research design, data, and methodology - After meticulous reviews of germane literature, the researchers applied an analytical approach which focuses on analyzing the Kazakh's gender policy and its issuance guidelines based on the present requirement in the society. Even though the policy has introduced with astonishing prudence, present-day living trends in society require imperatively some notable modifications which protect the rights of women and minority sections of the society. Results - Through this gender policy, government has proffered required legal, financial and preferential support country's women to participate in the management and legislation of the country. Kazakh gender policy requires upgradations which flawlessly support women in the lifestyles of the feminine community. Conclusions - In achieving gender equality in the economy as a priority area, Kazakh government monitoring persistently and closely the changing trends of women and their requirements which introduce necessary modifications to the existing gender policy of the country with the cooperation of international organization.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2018

There is a general consensus that many health care problems are attributable to the structural defects of the health care delivery system in Korea. The basic policy aimed to address these problems is to reform the delivery system so as that it incorporates two core principles: (1) stratification of medical care institutions into primary, secondary, and tertiary care providers according to the capability to perform specialized and complex services; (2) patients seeking care starting from the primary care provider and, if necessary, to be referred to the other provider step by step. This policy has been consistently pursued for about 30 years, but the achievement is far from success. Thus it is believed that the feasibility of the policy should be questioned. Starting from this question, based upon the observation of the current structure of the delivery system and its expected changes, the reform policy was discussed focusing on the assessment of its feasibility from both practical and theoretical viewpoints. The discussion leads to cast doubt on the policy for its possibility of making planned changes and producing expected desirable effects. Therefore it is advisable to investigate a wide range of alternative strategies and models for improving health care delivery.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.103-115
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• 1989

This study has been a study on changes seen in rural kitchens and factors affecting the modernization of agrarian kitchen space. The major findings were as follows: 1) The physical changes in kitchen design were carried out rapidly after 1977. This period coincided directly with the period in which kitchen improvement projects were fostered by the Sae Ma-Eul UNDONG 2) The study showed the macro factors contributing to changes in kitchen space to be government policy and industrialization. The study showed the micro factors influening kitchen space changes to be classified along socio-demographic lines and family lifestyle. 3) The factors affecting the degree of satisfaction with kitchens have been divided into socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. The level of education achieved by the husband was the most significant among socio-demographic characteristics. Most important among lifestyle characteristics were the cooking fuel used during the slack farm season, eating habits, heating fuel and eating space respectively. The results of this study have some implications in terms of government housing policy. Policymakers should be aware of suitable kitchen spaces to rural households in order to meet their housing needs and expectations.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2012

This paper analyzes how IT adoption affects differently on the shippers' make-buy decision, depending on the changes through agency and coordination problems. Empirical findings are consistent with the theoretical predictions on the changes of shippers' decision, summarized as follows. First, while the adoption of agency-cost reducing IT leads to the increase in the proportion of private fleets, the adoption of coordination-cost reducing IT leads to the increase in proportion of for-hire carriage. Second, the extent of private fleets changes depends on the primary product type that trucks load, with products of important service task experiencing more increase. Third, the extent of for-hire carriage changes depends on the truck's trip distance, with long-trip trucks experiencing more increase. With the results, we present different policy implications from the conventionally advocated ones.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제45권
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• pp.7-39
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• 2001

This paper examines the effect of active labor market policy on the unemployment rates in 8 welfare states. This paper focuses on the following questions: what are the major predictors of the changes in unemployment rates?; and what is the effect of active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates? Using the data from Comparative Welfare States Data Set by Stephens (1997), Key Indicators of the Labour Market by ILO (1999) and Social Expenditure Database by OECD (1999), this paper attempts to answer the above research questions. Fuller-Battese model, a data analysis method in pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, is adopted to identify variables predicting changes in unemployment rates. This paper analyzes the predictors by using 3 analysis models about 2 types of unemployment (overall unemployment and long term unemployment). Results are as follows: (1) economic variable such as changes in GDP has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; (2) active labor market policy has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates as well; (3) job brokering service among 3 major active labor market programs has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; and (4) there is an interaction effect between unemployment benefit level and active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates. Through the empirical analysis, this paper provides valuable knowledge about effects of active labor market policy on unemployment in 8 welfare states and discusses implications for the active labor market policy in Korea.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-35
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• 2010

탈(脫)추격형 혁신은 기술만이 아니라 그 기술이 개발.활용되는 시장과 제도를 함께 창출시켜야 한다는 점에서 새로운 접근을 필요로 한다. 본 연구는 탈추격형 혁신의 개념과 핵심 과제들을 살펴보고, 탈추격형 혁신을 효과적으로 전개하기 위해서는 혁신정책과 산업 인력 노동 지역 금융 사회 등 관련 정책간의 연계 통합을 지향하는 '통합적 혁신정책(integrated innovation policy)'이 필요함을 주장하였다. 탈추격형 혁신 상황에서는 기술혁신활동과 시장/제도의 창출활동이 동시에 수행되면서 기술만이 아니라 그것을 개발하고 활용하는 사회의 구성이 함께 이루어진다. 기술과 사회의 동시 구성을 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서는 혁신정책과 교육 산업 노동 지역 사회 등이 서로 보완성을 갖도록 단편적인 정책영역을 넘어 다른 부문 정책까지 고려하는 통합적 혁신정책이 요구된다. 탈추격형 혁신을 위한 통합적 혁신정책 구현을 위해서는 장기 비전 창출과 광범위한 정책 연계 통합을 이끌어내는 전환가적 정부 역할이 요구된다. 이와 함께 제도, 환경, 인프라 전반을 통해 행동의 변화를 유도하는 시스템 혁신이 중요해진다. 이를 달성하기 위한 예로 예산을 통해 관련정책의 통합성을 확보할 수 있는 부처 간 통합예산제도를 도입하여 각 부처가 공동으로 프로그램을 설계 집행하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다. 또한 탈추격 상황이 갖는 고도의 불확실성에 대응하기 위해서는 전면적인 정책실행 보다 다양한 시범 사업을 바탕으로 한 소규모의 정책 실험을 수행해 나가야 한다. 소규모 실험의 성공을 바탕으로 점차 실험의 크기를 확대해 나가면서 관련 지식을 축적하고 정책의 불확실성을 점차 줄여갈 수 있다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2018

$P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy is a workload dependent hysteretic policy. The policy has two service states comprised of the ordinary stage and the fast stage. An ordinary service stage is initiated by the arrival of a customer in an idle state. When the workload of the server surpasses threshold ${\lambda}$, the ordinary service stage changes to the fast service state, and it continues until the system is empty. These service stages alternate in this manner. When the cost of changing service stages is high, the hysteretic policy is more efficient than the threshold policy, where a service stage changes immediately into the other service stage at either case of the workload's surpassing or crossing down a threshold. $P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy is a modification of $P^M_{\lambda}$-policy proposed to control finite dams, and also an extension of the well-known D-policy. The distributions of the stationary workload of $P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy and its variants are studied well. However, there is no known result on the sojourn time distribution. We prove that there is a relation between the sojourn time of a customer and the first up-crossing time of the workload process over the threshold ${\lambda}$ after the arrival of the customer. Using the relation and the duality of M/G/1 and G/M/1 queues, we obtain conditional sojourn time distributions in M/G/1 and G/M/1 queues under the policy.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2019

Korean agricultural industry has weakened as demand for domestic agricultural products has declined due to accelerating market liberalization, aging and shrinking of rural population, and stagnating rural households' incomes. On the other hand, as the forth industrial revolution unfolds in earnest, tremendous changes are expected, and those changes won't be confined to certain industries but would shaken the world we know of entirely. Smart farm, which is one example of the fourth industrial revolution, is increasingly being recognized as a new growth engine for the future as smart farm and the science and technology behind it, not the size of arable land, will determine competitiveness of the agricultural industry and drive agricultural productivity and managerial efficiency. In consideration that John W. Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework has recently been presented as an important theoretical model in the policy field, this study analyzed problem stream, policy stream, and political stream in the process of forming the smart farm policy, and looked into what role the government played as policy entrepreneur in policy window. The smart farm policy was put on policy agenda by the government and was approved when the government announced the Smart Farm Plan together with relevant ministries at the 5th Economy-Related Ministers' Meeting held in April 2018. This suggests that change of the government is the most critical factor in political stream, and explicitly indicates the importance of politics in formation of an agricultural policy. In addition, actual outcome of the policy and how policy alternatives that will enhance people's understanding will support it seem to be the key to success. It also shows that it is important that policy alternatives be determined based on sufficient discussion amongst stakeholders.