• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2010

In this paper we have investigated latitudinal variations of the poleward boundary of the nightside auroral oval when the magnetosphere is hit by an enhanced solar wind dynamic pressure front. We used precipitating particle data obtained from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites to identify the locations of the boundary before and after enhanced pressure impacts. The boundary locations are represented by a parameter called "b5e". After performing the analysis for a number of events, we found that the basic effect of the solar wind pressure increase impact is often (but not always) to move the poleward boundary of the nightside auroral oval poleward. However, this effect can be often modified by other factors, such as simultaneous variations of the interplanetary magnetic field with a pressure increase, and thus the boundary response is not necessarily a poleward shift in many cases. We demonstrate this with specific examples, and discuss other possible complicating factors.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.292-299
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• 2012

Beads mill 분산 공정을 통하여 8 wt%의 나노 사이즈 흄드 실리카(일차 입자크기 12 nm)를 광경화형 아크릴 시스템용 단량체에 분산하여 실리카 분산체를 제조하였다. 이러한 분산체는 유/무기 하이브리드 코팅 재료에 응용이 가능하다고 알려져 있다. 하이드록시기 유무, 용해도 상수(solubility parameter, Sp, 극성도 ${\delta}_p$의 범위; 5.204~6.286($cal/cm^3)^{1/2}$), 분자 크기가 다른 4 종의 단량체를 사용하였다. 극성 용매인 이소프로필알코올(IPA)을 혼합하여 용매가 실리카 분산체의 안정성에 미치는 영향도 관찰하였다. 제조된 실리카 분산체는 레오미터를 이용하여 전단속도에 따른 전단 점도 거동과 주기적 진동흐름 하에서 동적 거동을 측정하여 분산체의 안정성을 유변학적 관점에서 관찰하였다. 단일 단량체계 및 혼합 단량체계 실리카 분산체에서 하이드록시기를 가진 단량체의 함량이 증가될수록 실리카 분산체는 손실탄성률(G")이 저장탄성률(G')보다 큰 입자가 응집되지 않는 안정한 졸의 거동을 나타내었다. 하이드록시기를 갖지 않은 단량체계 실리카 분산체는 분자 크기와 상관없이 입자가 응집되는 겔의 거동을 나타내었다. 단량체에 IPA를 혼합한 실리카 분산체는 IPA의 함량이 증가할수록 안정한 졸의 거동을 보였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2010

In preparation of silica aerogel-based hybrid coating materials, the combination of hydrophobic aerogel with organic polar binder material is shown to be very limited due to dissimilar surface property between two materials. Accordingly, the surface modification of the aerogel would be required to obtain compatibilized hybrid coating sols with homogeneous dispersion. In this study, the surface of silica aerogel particles was modified by using both surfactant adsorption and heat treatment methods. Four types of surfactants with different molecular weights and HLB values were used to examine the effect of chain length and hydrophilicity. The surface property of the modified aerogel was evaluated in terms of visible observation for aerogel dispersion in water, water contact angle measurement, and FT-IR analysis. In surface modification using surfactants, the effects of surfactant type and content, and mixing time as process parameter on the degree of hydrophilicity for the modified aerogel. In addition, the temperature condition in modification process via heat treatment was revealed to be significant factor to prepare aerogel with highly hydrophilic property.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.290-299
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 상아질의 항복인장강도 (UTS)나 탄성계수 (E)와 같은 물리적 특성이 적용된 용매틀의 각각에 대한 Hoy의 수소결합 용해도 매개변수에 반비례한다는 가설을 설정하고 실험한 결과 가설이 입증되었으며 이를 토대로 다음과 같은 결론을 유도하여 보았다. 첫째는 탈회된 상아질의 인장 특성 및 물성이 가해진 극성 용매의 수소결합능에 밀접히 연관되어 있다는 것이며, 둘째는 낮은 수소결합능을 가진 용매는 교원섬유 층 내에서 새로운 펩타이드간 수소결합을 유도함으로써 탈회된 상아질의 인장력 및 탄성계수를 증가시킨다는 결과이다. 셋째로는 이러한 결과들을 토대로 높은 수소결합능을 가진 용매들은 새로운 펩타이드간 수소결합의 형성을 차단하여 탈회된 상아질의 구조적 특성을 유지시킬 수 있다는 결론을 도출하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2018

Graphene is a monolayer of carbon atoms (approximately 0.34 nm), arranged in a honeycomb network. It has been hailed as a next-generation flexible and transparent material because it has high electrical and thermal conductivities, excellent mechanical properties, as well as flexible and transparent properties. The wettability of graphene alters its adhesion or surface energy, and it is therefore an important parameter influencing its application in the fabrication of next-generation flexible and transparent electronics. Studies on the wettability of graphene are numerous and various opinions exist. However, almost all of these studies use the wet transfer method to transfer the graphene. In this study, therefore, we investigated the effect of wet and dry transfer methods on water contact angles of graphene on a substrate. The contact angles of substrates vary depending on the type of substrate. It was found that after graphene is transferred to the substrate, regardless of transfer method, the graphene/substrate contact angle increases to a value. The contact angle of graphene transferred using the dry transfer method is higher than the contact angle of graphene transferred using wet transfer methods. The wet transferred graphene is affected by the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) residue and the polar surface of substrate. The dry transferred graphene is influenced by the conformal contact between graphene and substrate.