• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.121-151
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• 2006

As globalisation extends its effect and particularly following China's accession to the World Trade Organization(WTO) in 2001, ever greater numbers of international transactions will feature a Chinese party. China has certainly made efforts in recent years to rectify law problem. While conducting business in China, foreign companies occasionally find themselves embroiled in disputes with Chinese individuals and companies. As foreign businesses invest in the extraordinary market opportunities in China, international arbitration has also become the preferred method for handling disputes with Chinese partners or with other foreign corporation over operations in China. The new Arbitration Rules of the International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC) came into force on 1 May 2005. The new rules represent a major overhaul of CIETAC arbitration procedures and are sure to enhance CIETAC's position as a leading player in the resolution of China-foreign business disputes. The changes are significant for all companies doing business in China. So, this article investigated some amendments on the basis of 2000 Rules.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.243-273
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to identify learning in games in experimental economic settings, and apply their results to real multilateral trade negotiations, such as the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) in the World Trade Organizations (WTO). This paper argues that the structure of games including a veto player (Veto games) is similar to the WTO/DDA negotiations in that the players do not possess identical power. This paper's main contribution to the literature involves showing that learning about power is dominant over learning from simple repetition in Veto games. Additionally, this paper shows that players are concerned about how much they have gained in previous games in Veto games, although their memories generally do not last beyond the next game, and thus they tend to be selfish as they have less shares. Based on these results, there is a possibility to be more generous in the distribution of benefits by allowing players without veto power to retain special rights so that they would not be totally powerless. It also shows the necessity of having "respite" in the process of negotiations and policy options for choosing partners for winning coalitions.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2017

This paper experimentally studies the performance of negotiation considering individual and party, like a country, share of benefit over the best ones. It experiments two-stage bargaining games, internal and external negotiations. From the experimental results, this paper shows strong tendency to select fair allocation in the internal negotiations, but the tendency would be weaker with attractive outside option. In addition, the outside option may claim difference in individual benefit. From the regressions on individual performance in the negotiations, being a proposing party would matter to enhance the performance. However, relative individual performance within party fairness matters. Still attractive no-agreement options happen to break the tendency. As policy implication for trade negotiation, this paper warns that possible loss in individual benefit from not active participation to the external negotiations, no active role of proposer in case that players stick to internal allocations, and deviation of advantageous sector due to attractive outside options.

• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.197-216
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• 2014

This paper examines A. G. Frank's views about 15th-19th Korea (Joseon Dynasty) in his Reorient. A. G. Frank recognized that Korea might have played a great role in the international relations of East Asia, but he did not write systematically about it and he did not treat Korea as an independent player in the history of East Asia. I think the greatest limitation to his re-interpretation of East Asia is in that he depends too much on China's and Japan's perspective. In order to overcome Frank's shortcomings regarding the history of Korea, first I examine what Frank recognized about the Joseon dynasty between 1400 and 1800. Next I compare Joseon's development to that of China and Japan between 1400 and 1800. Frank compared Europe and East Asia (mainly China and Japan) from three aspects of quantities (population, production, productivity, and trade), qualities (science and technology), and mechanism (economic and financial institutions). With this research we insist that Joseon should not be dismissed in 15th-19th East Asia. The reasons are as follows. First, Joseon between 1400 and 1800 had developed economically as much as China and Japan. Second, Joseon had played a great role in connecting China and Japan and had a positive influence on the development of Japan. So we need to reappraise Reorient's view about East Asia. Only when role of Joseon can be correctly estimated, the dynamics and diversity of East Asia can be properly understood.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2023

조직은 환경변화에 적응하고 보다 나은 성과를 거두기 위해 지속적인 조직변화를 추구해야 한다. 하지만, 당연한 명제에도 불구하고 조직성과나 변화를 조작화의 어려움 때문에 해당 연구 분야에 대한 실증분석이 거의 이루어지지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 한계점을 극복하기 위해 조직변화나 성과를 객관적으로 측정하고 평가하기에 적합만 자료가 비교적 체계적으로 구축된 프로스포츠팀을 기업조직으로 상정하여 조직변화의 원인과 효과를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 미국프로농구(National Basketball Association: NBA)팀의 8개 시즌(2014~2015-2021~2022)의 경기기록 및 트레이드 자료를 체계적으로 수집하고 전처리하여 SPSS 26.0에 설치한 프로세스 매크로 4.2의 7번 모형을 활용하여 분석했다. 실증분석 결과, NBA의 경우 직전 시즌 성적이 낮은 팀일수록 트레이드를 통한 조직변화를 더욱 활발하게 시도하여 성과를 도출하기 위한 조직의 역동이 크다고 볼 수 있으며, 트레이드는 직전 시즌의 승률과 해당 시즌 승률 간의 정(+)적 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 트레이드를 통한 팀의 직전 시즌 성적의 간접효과는 각 구단의 상황에 따라 다르게 나타나는 것으로 드러났다. 직전 시즌 플레이오프에 진출한 팀은 그렇지 않은 팀에 비해 같은 성적일지라도 트레이드를 적게 시행하는 경향성을 보이며, 직전 시즌의 성적이 해당 시즌의 성적과 높은 관련성을 지닌다. 반면에 직전 시즌 플레이오프에 진출하지 못한 팀은 상대적으로 큰 규모의 트레이드를 단행하는 경향성을 보였으며, 이 경우 트레이드의 매개효과는 사라지는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 직전 시즌에 플레이오프 진출에 실패한 팀은 같은 승률을 달성하였더라도 플레이오프에 진출한 팀에 비해 트레이드를 통한 성적변화가 더 크게 발생한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이러한 프로스포츠팀의 조직변화와 성과 간의 역동에 관해 실증하여 제시함으로써, 프로스포츠팀의 조직변화가 어느 시점에 더 효과적인지를 분석하였다는 점에서 이론과 실무적 시사점을 지닌다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.116-118
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• 2004

In the power industry after restructuring of Power industry will be appeared on-site type business, power retail sales business, and power wholesales business, power dealing business, customer inclination business ＆ delivery of power facilities. Among them, power trade business, customer inclination business and on-site type business will be rapidly increased and occupied attention. In addition, it is forecasted to advent the broker, provider, market place, power marketer, system operator and generator as a main player. Meanwhile, it needs protection of existing power industry and activation of new energy market for accomplishment of restructuring of power industry.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.293-316
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• 2002

본 연구는 북한이 1991년에 처음 자유경제무역지대로 지정하여 개방한 나진-선봉지구에 대한 기초적인 지역연구의 일환으로서. 입지특성과 지역구조를 밝히는데 중점을 두었다. 3차에 걸친 현지답사와 위성사진. 그리고 관련자료를 수집하여 지난 10년간 토지이용과 지역구조 변화여부를 분석하였다. 입지적 특성인 중계기지로서의 역할은 인프라 구축 미비, 수출가공기지로서의 역할은 주변지역과 산업연계 부족 등이 문제점으로 확인되었다. 10개 계획공업구는 자체 산업구조의 취약과 공업구간의 유기적인 기능 분담이 이루어지지 않아 효율성과 잠재력이 뒤떨어지는 것으로 평가되었다. 앞으로 이 지구의 성공 여부는 북한 당국의 의지와 여러가지 입지적 문제들을 어떻게 극복하느냐에 달려 있다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine total logistics concept performed by 3^rd party logistics, managing with 4th party logistics to achieve more efficient and systematic dealing with sub-functions of physical distribution process. Research design and methodology - The research method to be adopted is first to review 3th party logistics providers that has attracted to various functions of 4PL, and then total logistics concept to be investigated which is related to 3 PL and 4 PL. Results - For the total logistics concept implemented by 3PL, management technique should be widen, then 3 PL's service activities and area should extend. Especially for the collaboration effects between the company and external organizations, it can be collaborated with some commitments in terms of their own independent activities, carrying on inherent functions by both 3PL and 4PL, pursuing total logistics concept. Conclusions - More areas of logistics service has been required by clients in the field, and service activities available is strongly related to roles of 3th party logistics providers as main player in logistics market. However, total logistics management is could be implemented by 3PL combining with various functions of logistics service offered by 4th logistics provider.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2005

인터넷을 이용하여 수천 명이 동시에 접속할 수 있는 온라인 게임에서는 참여자들의 하드웨어와 네트워크 성능은 매우 다를 수 있으므로 메시지 동기화는 반드시 해결되어야 할 과제이다. 동기화를 위하여 메시지를 받은 즉시 처리하지 않고 일정한 대기시간이 지난 후 처 리하는 방법이 많이 사용되는데, 대기시간이 길어질수록 공정성은 좋아지나 응답성이 떨어지므로 적절한 대기시간을 결정하는 것은 쉬운 문제가 아니다. 본 논문에서는 대용량 일인칭 액션 게임의 특징과 참여자간의 상호작용 확률을 고려한 대기시간 결정 방법을 제안했다. 제안된 방법을 구현하고 가상환경 하에서 메시지를 생성하는 모의실험을 하여 제안된 방법의 효용성을 검증했다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-96
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• 1999

Since the onset of its economic reform and the open door policy in the late 1970s, China's overall economic growth rate has been continuing about 10% per year. The marine sector is not allowed exception, aquatic products increased sharply from 4.66 million MT in 1978 to 36.02 million MT in 1997, and then China is remained the largest producing country in the world aquatic market and her role would be expanded. Korea having a common boundaries to China is subjected unescapably both in domestic and export markets by the influence of the remarkable growth of China's aquatic products. If China were admitted entrance of WTO(World Trade Organization)in the near future, her influence is getting more serious. Well, we are necessary to understand the characteristics of China's aquatic products and to review fishery policies implemented by the China government. This paper is organized into two major parts, the one includes the structural changes of aquatic products, fishing and cultivating in the coast, latent and estimated production in China, and the other includes the main contents of fishery policies and measures of government administration. A characteristic of China's aquatic products is that cultivated production, especially, shellfish outputs continues to rapid increase. The major means of administration are an execution of fishing license system and setting up no-fishing zone and closed season for fishery. China is no longer a marginal player in international economic and world aquatic market. So, we will not only understand China's aquatic conditions and problems, but will also see the usefulness in continuing the cooperative relationship for a long time to come.