• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of internal fixation with locking T-plates for osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus in patients aged 65 years and older. Methods: From January 2007 through to December 2015, we recruited 47 patients aged 65 years and older with osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus. All fractures had been treated using open reduction and internal fixation with a locking T-plate. We classified the fractures in accordance to the Neer classification system; At the final follow-up, the indicators of clinical outcome-the range of motion of the shoulder (flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation) and the presence of postoperative complications-and the indicators of radiographic outcome-the time-to-union and the neck-shaft angle of the proximal humerus-were evaluated. The Paavolainen method was used to grade the level of radiological outcome in the patients. Results: The mean flexion was $155.0^{\circ}$ (range, $90^{\circ}-180^{\circ}$), the mean internal rotation was T8 (range, T6-L2), and the mean external rotation was $66.8^{\circ}$ (range, $30^{\circ}-80^{\circ}$). Postoperative complications, such as plate impingement, screw loosening, and varus malunion were observed in five patient. We found that all patients achieved bone union, and the mean time-to-union was 13.5 weeks of the treatment. The mean neck-shaft angle was $131.4^{\circ}$ at the 6-month follow-up. According to the Paavolainen method, "good" and "fair" radiographic results each accounted for 38 and 9 of the total patients, respectively. Conclusions: We concluded that locking T-plate fixation leads to satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes in elderly patients with proximal humeral fractures by providing a larger surface area of contact with the fracture and a more rigid fixation.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2022

This study investigated the microbiological hazards in the manufacturing processes of Naengmyeon. Sanitary indicative bacteria, such as aerobic plate counts and coliforms as well as pathogenic bacteria, were examined from raw materials, manufacturing processes, working area, 17 utensils and equipment. The aerobic plate counts for raw materials and arrowroot starch estimated as 0.77±0.68~5.02±0.28 and 5.02±0.28 log CFU/g, respectively. Coliforms were detected from wheat flour, buckwheat flour, and potato starch. Staphylococcus aureus was detected to be 0.61±1.06 log CFU/g in wheat flour and 0.20±0.35 log CFU/g in buckwheat flour. During the manufacturing process, aerobic plate counts for kneading process were 4.54±0.34 log CFU/g. But after the press out and heat process, contamination of aerobic plate counts and coliforms decreased and remained at a low level until the release process. Aerobic plate counts before washing disinfection of screw were 3.28±0.62 log CFU/100 cm², the level of which was high in utensils and equipment that had contact with employees or water. These results represent not only an important indicator for the hygienic level but also a scientific basis for analyzing biological hazards, which lead to the introduction of HACCP for the production of safe and hygienic cold noodles processed by manufacturers.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2010

Purpose: Trapdoor orbital blowout fracture is most common in orbital blowout fracture. Various materials have been used to reconstruct orbital floor blowout fracture. Absorbable alloplastic implants are needed because of disadvantages of nonabsorbable alloplastic materials and donor morbidity of autogenous tissue. The aim of the study is to evaluate usefulness of absorbable mesh plate as a reconstructive material for orbital blowout fractures. Methods: From December 2008 to October 2009, 18 trapdoor orbital floor blowout fracture patients were treated using elevator fixation, depressor fixation, or elevatordepressor fixation techniques with absorbable mesh plates and screw, depending on degree of orbital floor reduction, because absorbable mesh plates are less rigid than titanium plates and other artificial substitutes. Results: Among 18 patients, 5 elevator fixation, 4 depressor fixation, and 9 elevator and depressor fixation technique were performed. In all patients, postoperative computed tomographic (CT) scan showed complete reduction of orbital contents and orbital floor, and no displacement of bony fragment and mesh plate. Mean follow-up was 10 months. There were no significant intraoperative or postoperative complications. Conclusion: Three different techniques depending on the degree of orbital floor reduction are useful for open reduction and internal fixation of trapdoor orbital floor blowout fracture with absorbable mesh plates.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.2-9
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• 2014

Background: Indirect reduction technique offers a valid option in the treatment of proximal humerus fracture. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional outcome and the complication rate after indirect reduction and internal fixation of unstable proximal humeral fractures with use of a locking plate. Methods: Twenty four patients with acute proximal humerus fracture were managed with indirect reduction and internal fixation with a locking plate. The mean follow-up period was 15.5 months. Results: The anatomical reduction of the medial cortex buttress was seen in 16 patients (66%) of the Group A and the non-anatomical reduction was seen in 8 patients (33%) of the Group B. Mean union time was $3.2{\pm}1.9$ months; it was $2.2{\pm}0.6$ months in the Group A and $5.3{\pm}2.2$ months in the Group B (p < 0.05). In our series, there were 6 cases of complications and these include 2 cases of varus malunion, 2 cases of shoulder stiffness, 1 case of heterotrophic ossification, 2 cases of screw perforation and 1 case of impingement. Conclusions: We conclude from our studies that indirect reduction and internal fixation using locking plate for acute proximal humerus fracture can give good results with bony union and predictable good overall functional outcome. If the medial cortex buttress is well maintained, a better anatomical reduction would be achieved, the union would be prompted, the pain would be further reduced and the range of the motion would be recovered more promptly.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

In this study, we will develop a hybrid cross-sectional shape of steel inserted type glued-laminated timber that can improve the strength of structural glued-laminated timber and maximize the ductility by using steel plate with excellent tensile and deformation ability. A total of three specimens were fabricated and the flexural performance test was carried out to evaluate the structural performance of the steel inserted type glued-laminated timber. In order to compare the effect of steel inserted glued-laminated timber, one structural glued-laminated timber test specimen composed of pure wood was manufactured. In addition, in order to evaluate the adhesion performance of the steel inserted, one each of a screw joint test specimen and a polyurethane joint test specimen was prepared. As a result, all the specimens showed the initial crack in the finger joint near the force point. This has been shown to be a cause of crack diffusion and strength degradation. The use of finger joints in the maximum moment section is considered to affect the strength and ductility of the glued-laminated timber beam. Polyurethane-adhesive steel inserted glued-laminated timber showed fully-composite behavior with little horizontal separation between the steel plate and glued-laminated timber until the maximum load was reached. This method has been shown to exhibit sufficient retention bending performance.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2007

Objective : The objective of this study was to validate the effects of a titanium mesh cage and dynamic plating in anterior cervical stabilization after corpectomy. Methods : A retrospective study was performed on 31 consecutive patients, who underwent anterior cervical reconstruction with a titanium mesh cage and dynamic plating, from March 2004 to February 2006. Twenty-four patients had 1-level and 7 had 2-level corpectomies. Ten patients underwent surgery with a cage of 10-mm diameter and 21 with 13-mm diameter. Neurological status and outcomes were assessed according to Odom's criteria. Sagittal angle, coronal angle, settling ratio, sagittal displacement, and cervical lordosis were used to evaluate the radiological outcomes. Results : In overall, 26 [83.9%] of 31 showed excellent or good outcomes. Thirteen percent [4 cases] of the patients developed surgical complications, such as hoarseness, transient dysphagia, or nerve root palsy. Seven [22.6%] patients had reconstruction failure:5 [20.8%] in the 1-level corpectomy group and 2 [28.5%] in the 2-level corpectomy group. Revisions were required in 2 patients with plate pullout due to significant instability. However, none of 5 patients who demonstrated cage displacement or screw pullout, underwent a revision. Radiographs revealed bony consolidation in 96.3% of the patients, including 6 patients with implantation failure during the follow-up period. Conclusion : Based on our preliminary results, the titanium mesh cage and dynamic plating was effective for cervical reconstruction after corpectomy. The anterior cervical reconstruction performed with dynamic plates is considered to reduce stress shielding and greater graft compression that is afforded by the unique plate design.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the stress distribution in the bone and the displacement distribution of the miniscrew under orthopedic force with two different types of miniplate design as skeletal anchorage for orthopedic treatment. Materials and methods: Finite element models were made for 6-hole miniplate (0.8mm in thickness), which were designed in two different shapes-one is curvilinear shaped (C plate, Jeil Medical Co., Korea) and another, Y shaped (Y plate), fixed with 3 pieces of miniscrew 2mm-diameter and 6mm-long respectively. A traction force of 4 N was applied in $0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ to imaginary axis connecting two unfixed distalmost holes of the miniplate. Results: The maximum von Mises stress in the bone was much greater in the cortical portion rather than in the cancellous portion. C plate showed greater maximum von Mises stress in the cortical bone than Y plate. The maximum displacement of the miniscrew was greater in C plate than Y plate. The more increased the angle of the applied orthopedic force, the greater maximum von Mises stress in the bone and maximum displacement of the miniscrew. It was observed that in C plate, the von Mises stress in the bone and displacement of the miniscrew were distributed around the distalmost screw-fixed area. Conclusions: The results suggest that Y plate should have the advantage over C plate and in the placement of the miniplate, its imaginary axis should be placed as parallel as possible to the direction of orthopedic force to obtain its primary stability.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.318-321
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• 2009

Purpose: The bony mallet finger injury is generally managed by conservative treatments, but operative treatments are needed especially when the fractures involve above 30% of articular surface or distal phalanx is accompanied by subluxation in the volar side. This is the reason they often result in chronic instability, articular subluxation and unsatisfactory cosmetic. In this report, We describe new method using the hook plate as an operative treatment of Mallet finger deformity. Methods: Among 13 patients with Mallet finger deformity who came from February 2006 to February 2008, six patient were included in surgical indication. Under local anesthesia, H or Y type incision was made at the DIP joint area. After the DIP joint extension, the hook plate was put on the fracture line, and one self tapping screw was used for fixation. 2 hole plate which was one of the holes in 1.5 mm diameter was cut in almost half and bended through approximately $100^{\circ}$. Results: In all six cases which applied the hook plate, complications such as loss of reduction or nail deformity were not seen. In only one patient, hook pate was removed due to inflammatory reaction after surgery. At 2 weeks after operation, active motion of DIP joint was performed. The result was satisfactory not only cosmetically but also functionally. At 6 weeks after operation, the range of motion of DIP joint was average $64^{\circ}$. Conclusion: The purpose of the operative treatment for mallet finger deformity using the hook plate is to provide anatomical reduction with rigid fixation and to prevent contracture at the DIP joint. While other operations take 6 weeks, the operation using the hook plate begins an active motion at 2 weeks after operation. Complication rate was low and the method is rather simple. Thus, the operation using the hook plate is recommended as a good alternative method of the mallet finger deformity treatment.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2005

체중 23kg, 나이 6세된 수캐 잡종 사냥개가 왼쪽 주관절에 총상을 입어 전북대학교 수의과대학 동물병원에 내원하였다. 방사선 사진에서 요골 척골 근위부에 복잡골절과 주관절 돌기 후방에 금속성 탄환이 발견되었다. 첫 번째 외과처치는 탄환을 제거하고 bone plate, bone screw, K-wire등을 이용하여 정복 고정하였으나 실패하였다. 두 번째 시도는 주관철 고정술과 13번째 늑골로부터 얻은 자가골을 이용하여 결손부를 충진 하였다. 결과가 만족스럽지 못하여 자가골 재이식과 3번째 수술을 실시하여 주관절의 안정된 고정상태를 유지 할 수 있었다. 60주가 지난 현재 평상시 활동에는 커다란 문제점이 없지만 속보 혹은 뛰는 경우 관절 고정술을 실시한 다리를 들고 세 다리만 사용하는 아쉬움이 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.717-720
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• 2010

Purpose: Absorbable plate and screw fixation is widely used technique for internal rigid fixation in craniomaxillofacial surgery. However, there are some potential problems associated with the use of plate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of bone fixation in facial fracture using absorbable mesh in place of absorbable plate. Methods: The records of 55 patients with zygomaticomaxilla fractures treated by open reduction, performed by the author from February 2008 to May 2009, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were selected to receive absorbable mesh fixation. The incidence of all complications including infection, hypoesthesia, and deformity was examined. Analysis with postoperative computed tomography follow-up demonstrates degree of reduction. Results: Forty-six patients met criteria for inclusion in the study. All patients went on to satisfactory healing without complication. Postoperative computed tomography revealed good bony alignment similarly non affected side. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the rigid internal fixation of fractured bone fragments using absorbable mesh is more effective than absorbable plate, especially in comminuted fracture of maxilla.