• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1591-1597
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• 2015

Background: Korea has experienced rapid economic development in a very short period of time. A mixture of traditional and modern risk factors coexists and the rapid change in non-genetic factors interacts with genetic constituents. With consideration of these unique aspects of Korean society, a large-scale genomic cohort study-the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study-has been conducted to investigate epidemiologic characteristics, genomic features, and gene-environment interactions of major chronic diseases including cancer in the Korean population. Materials and Methods: Following a standardized study protocol, the subjects were prospectively recruited from 38 health examination centers and training hospitals throughout the country. An interview-based questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, medication usage, family history, lifestyle factors, diet, physical activity, and reproductive factors for women. Various biological specimens (i.e., plasma, serum, buffy coat, blood cells, genomic DNA, and urine) were collected for biorepository according to the standardized protocol. Skilled medical staff also performed physical examinations. Results: Between 2004 and 2013, a total of 167,169 subjects aged 40-69 years were recruited for the HEXA study. Participants are being followed up utilizing active and passive methods. The first wave of active follow-up began in 2012 and it will be continued until 2015. The principal purpose of passive follow-up is based on data linkages with the National Death Certificate, the National Cancer Registry, and the National Health Insurance Claim data. Conclusions: The HEXA study will render an opportunity to investigate biomarkers of early health index and the chronological changes associated with chronic diseases.

• 분석과학
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2015

한약재 중 항산화 작용이 있다고 알려진 사인(Amomi Fructus)을 SDE (simultaneous distillation extraction) 방법으로 정유(essential oil)를 추출하고 GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry)를 이용하여 39개의 성분을 규명하였으며, 주요 성분은 camphor, borneol acetate, borneol, D-limonene 및 camphene이었다. 유기용매 3가지(헥세인, 다이에틸 에터 및 다이클로로메테인)를 이용하여 얻은 용매 추출물에서 정유성분 이외에 추가로 4개의 성분을 규명하였으며, 주요 5개 성분은 동일하였으나 상대적인 면적 비율은 차이가 있었다. 특정온도와 휘발 조건에서 정유와 용매 추출물에서 휘발하는 물질들의 종류와 상대적인 비율을 측정하기 위하여 dynamic headspace를 이용하여 특정 조건에서 휘발하는 물질들을 트랩에 포집한 후 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 사인으로부터 SDE 방법에 의해 정유를 추출하는 방법의 회수율을 장뇌(camphor)를 이용하여 측정하였으며, 장뇌의 회수율은 82.0% 이었다. 사인에서 Hg의 함량은 수은 분석기로 측정하였으며, Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu 와 Zn은 ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer)로 측정하였다. 사인에서 Pb, Cd 및 Hg이 각각 0.72 mg/kg, <0.10 mg/kg 및 0.0023 mg/kg 검출되었으며, 이는 순도시험 허용기준치 이하의 값들이었다. 사인에서 Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu와 Zn의 함량을 조사한 결과 Mn (213 mg/kg), Cu (8.29 mg/kg) 및 Zn (31.0 mg/kg)등이 비교적 높은 함량으로 검출되었으며, 정유와 용매 추출물에서도 Mn (0.65~9.08 mg/kg), Cu (1.16~4.40 mg/kg) 및 Zn (1.10~3.80 mg/kg)이 검출되었다. 이들 금속성분이 사인에서 기인하는 것인지 아니면 유통과정이나 취급과정에서 오염된 것인지의 여부 규명이 필요하며, 또한 이런 금속들이 생물학적 활성 연구에 어떤 영향 주는지도 규명할 필요가 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.671-676
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• 2008

Forty-eight Naemi lambs (avg. BW 31.7 kg) were transported by truck for a distance of 1,450 km from Al-Jouf to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. On arrival day, the lambs were randomly allocated to four groups receiving diets supplemented with 0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 ppm organic chromium (Cr). Each group consisted of four separately housed replicates of three lambs each. The animals were fed ad libitum on a grower diet for 84 days. Blood samples were obtained shortly before transportation, upon arrival and at weekly intervals thereafter from all lambs for analysis of plasma and serum. Plasma glucose and serum cortisol, total protein, albumin, urea-N and total cholesterol concentrations were determined. A cursory clinical examination of the lambs, along with rectal temperature, was undertaken at different intervals during the experiment. The lambs were inoculated each with 2 ml i.v. chicken red blood cells (CRBC) on days 0, 21, and 42. Serum total, IgG and IgM antibody titers were determined at weekly intervals post-immunization. An in vivo intradermal hypersensitivity test was carried out on 6 lambs from each group on days 10 and 70. Transportation of the lambs resulted in a significant (p<0.001) elevation of serum cortisol, total protein and albumin levels, as well as increased plasma glucose concentration, with corresponding decrease in total cholesterol, while blood urea-N remained largely unchanged. These constituents returned to normal levels during subsequent weeks, with no significant differences in their concentrations being observed between the Cr-supplemented groups and controls. Rise in rectal temperature after transportation was reduced to a greater extent (p<0.05) in Cr-supplemented versus control lambs. Total, IgG and IgM antibody titers against CRBC rose significantly (p<0.05) during immunizations in all groups, with significantly and linearly higher (p<0.05) total and IgG titers in Cr-supplemented versus control lambs. By contrast, no significant effect due to Cr supplementation was recorded in IgG titers, which increased equally in Cr-fed and control groups. Skin thickness in response to intradermal inoculation of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was also significantly (p<0.01) increased as a result of Cr supplementation. These results indicate that dietary Cr supplementation might be useful during stress especially for enhancing immune responses in transport-stressed lambs.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.195-195
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• 2016

Titanium and its alloys are widely used as implants in orthopedics, dentistry and cardiology due to their outstanding properties, such as high strength, high level of hemocompatibility and enhanced biocompatibility. Hence, recent works showed that the synthesis of new Ti-based alloys for implant application involves more biocompatible metallic alloying element, such as, Nb, Hf, Zr and Mo. In particular, Nb and Hf are one of the most effective Ti ${\beta}-stabilizer$ and reducing the elastic modulus. Plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) is known as excellent method in the biocompatibility of biomaterial due to quickly coating time and controlled coating condition. The anodized oxide layer and diameter modulation of Ti alloys can be obtained function of improvement of cell adhesion. Silicon (Si) and magnesium (Mg) has a beneficial effect on bone. Si in particular has been found to be essential for normal bone and cartilage growth and development. In vitro studies have shown that Mg plays very important roles in essential for normal growth and metabolism of skeletal tissue in vertebrates and can be detected as minor constituents in teeth and bone. The aim of this study is to research Si and Mg doped hydroxyapatite film formation by plasma electrolytic oxidation. Ti-29Nb-xHf (x= 0, 3, 7 and 15wt%, mass fraction) alloys were prepared Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys of containing Hf up from 0 wt% to 15 wt% were melted by using a vacuum furnace. Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were homogenized for 2 hr at $1050^{\circ}C$. Each alloy was anodized in solution containing typically 0.15 M calcium acetate monohydrate + 0.02 M calcium glycerophosphate at room temperature. A direct current power source was used for the process of anodization. Anodized alloys was prepared using 270V~300V anodization voltage at room. A Si and Mg coating was produced by RF-magnetron sputtering system. RF power of 100W was applied to the target for 1h at room temperature. The microstructure, phase and composition of Si and Mg coated oxide surface of Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were examined by FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 춘계총회 및 제22차 학술발표회
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• pp.22-39
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• 2003

Biological activity of phenolic compounds in seeds and leaves of safflower (Carthamu tinctorius L.) were evaluated using several in vitro and in vivo assays. Six phenolic constituents were isolated from the seeds and identified as N-feruloylserotonia, N- (p-coumaroyl)serotonin, matairesinol, 8′-hydroxyarctigenin, acacetin 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside (tilianine) and acacetin. Six phenolic compounds exhibited considerable antioxidative activity, and especially two serotonins showed potent DPPH radical scavenging activity and antiperoxidative activity against rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by the hydroxyl radical generated via a Fenton-type reaction. Additionally, six phenolic compounds possessed comparable cytotoxicity against three cancer cells, Hela cell, MCF-7 and HepG2 cell, and particularly acacetin and its glycosides had the most potent cytotoxicity. Moreover, we found that feeding safflower seeds attenuated bone loss, and lowered levels of plasma and liver lipids in ovariectomized rats. Serotonins, lignans and flavones stimulated proliferation of the osteoblast-like cells in a dose-dependent manner (10$^{-15}$ ~10$^{-6}$ M), as potently as E$_2$ (17$\beta$-estradiol). Particularly, serotonins were mainly responsible for bone-protecting and lipid lowering effects in ovariectomized rats. Meanwhile, eight flavonoids, including a novel quercetin-7-O-(6"-O-acetyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside and seven kown flavonoids, luteolin quercetin, luteolin 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-(6"-O-acetyl)-$\beta$-D-gluco-pyranoside, quercetin 7-O- -glucopyranoside, acacetin 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronide and apigenin-6-C-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside were first isolated and identified from safflower leaf. Among these flavonoids, luteolin-acetyl-glucoside and $\beta$quercetin- acetyl-glucoside showed potent antioxidative activities against 2-deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Luteolin, quercetin and their corresponding glycosides also exhibited strong antioxidative activity, while acacetin glucuronide and apigenin-6, 8-di-C-glucoside were relatively less active. Finally, changes in phenolic compositions were also determined by HPLC in the safflower seed and leaf during growth stages and roasting process to produce standardized supplement powerds. These results suggest that phenolic compounds in the roasted safflower seed and leaf may be useful as potential sources of therapeutic agents against several pathological disorders such as carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2012

산마늘의 부위별(뿌리, 줄기 및 잎) 무기성분 함량과 다양한 생리활성을 평가한 결과, 부위에 관계없이 K과 Ca이 다른 무기성분에 비해 그 함량이 월등히 높았다. 총 폴리페놀 함량(mg tannic acid eq./100 g dry wt.)은 잎($792.7{\pm}16.6$ mg) > 줄기($160.3{\pm}6.8$ mg) > 뿌리($101.5{\pm}2.7$ mg) 순이었으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량(mg quercetin eq./100 g dry wt.)은 잎($497.9{\pm}11.1$ mg) > 뿌리($35.7{\pm}0.4$ mg) > 줄기($18.5{\pm}1.4$ mg) 순이었다. DPPH 라디칼(최종농도 250 ${\mu}M$)을 이용한 항산화 활성을 검토한 결과, 뿌리 30 mg, 줄기 25 mg, 그리고 잎 4 mg에서 $SC_{50}$값을 보였고, CE-OOH 생성 억제 효과는 잎 > 줄기 > 뿌리 순이었다. 그리고 부위별 항균활성 검토 결과, 뿌리, 줄기, 잎 모두 C. perfringens, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus에 항균활성을 보였으며, 그 중 특히 C. perfringens 균에 강한 항균활성을 보였다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

구리 ($CuSO_4$)는 양식현장에서 부착 및 병원생물 억제 용도로 광범위하게 사용되고 있으나, 구리의 독성은 그 물질의 농도뿐만 아니라 수온에 의해서도 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 조피볼락, Sebastes schlegeli에서 수온변화 (18, 23 및 $28^{\circ}C$)에 따른 구리의 독성을 혈액 및 혈청학적 요소로 평가하였다. 4일 동안 구리 (100 및 $200{\mu}g/L$)에 노출 시킨 후, 조사한 적혈구 수와 hematocrit 수치는 $28^{\circ}C$에서 유의한 상승을 보였고, total protein 농도는 온도가 증가함에 따라 glucose 농도와 함께 증가하는 경향을 보였다 (P<0.05). 그러나, 혈청 Ca와 Mg은 수온변화와 무관하게, $200{\mu}g/L$ 구간에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. ALT와 LDH와 같은 혈청 효소농도도 구리를 처리한 구간에서만 유의한 상승을 보였다. 이 결과는 혈청 무기 성분과 효소활성이 구리 노출에 따른 민감한 지표가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 구리 (100 및 $200{\mu}g/L$)에 노출된 조피볼락의 혈청 cortisol 수치는 농도 및 수온 증가에 따라 현저한 증가를 보였다. 즉, 이러한 변화는 수온 스트레스에 대한 초기 반응이 구리노출에 따라 지속되었음을 의미한다. 결론적으로, 구리에 단독으로 노출되었을 때보다 수온 상승이 동반되었을 때, 혈액 및 혈청 유기성분 및 cortisol의 변동이 더욱 가속된 것으로 보인다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

본 논문은 단일 이미지에서 초해상도 영상 생성을 위해 저해상도 이미지에서 생성한 패치정보를 기반으로 선형보간하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기존의 초해상도 생성 방법인 전역 공간의 회귀 모델을 사용하면 특정 영역에 대해 참조할 정보가 부족하여 일반적으로 품질이 떨어지는 결과가 나타난다. 이러한 결과를 보완하기 위해 제안하는 방법은 초해상도 이미지 생성 과정에서 영상을 패치 단위로 지역을 분할하여 의미있는 정보를 수집하고, 수집된 정보를 기반으로 초해상도 이미지 생성을 위해 확장시킨 이미지 매트릭스 영역의 구성정보를 분석하여 선형 보간 과정을 거치고 패치정보를 대응시켜 탐색한 최적의 패치 정보를 기준으로 선형 보간하는 방법을 제안하였다. 실험을 위해 원본 이미지를 복원된 영상과 PSNR, SSIM으로 비교 평가하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.579-583
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• 2017

번행초는 주요 화합물인 수용성 다당류와 cerebroside의 작용에 기인하여 기대되는 항궤양성 약용작물이다. 스트렙토조토신 유도 당뇨마우스에서 번행초의 다당 추출물(TPE)의 항당뇨 효과는 이전에 보고된 바가 없다. 본 연구는 체중 1 kg 당 65 mg의 스트렙토조토신을 복강에 주사하여 확립된 당뇨 마우스에서 TPE의 항당뇨 효과를 측정하기 위해 실시하였다. 100 mg 농도의 TPE를 3주간 투여했을 때, 당뇨 마우스의 체중은 유지되었으며, 혈당, 중성지방, 그리고 lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase 및 glutamic pyruvic transaminase가 낮은 수준으로 감소함이 관찰되었다. 또한 내당능 실험에서도 TPE의 투여는 대조군인 당뇨 마우스에 비해 혈당 수준을 현저하게 감소시켰으며, 실험 가능한 거의 모든 생화학적 요인을 당뇨마우스에 비해 낮은 수준으로 회복시켰다. 따라서 전통적인 약용작물인 번행초의 잠재적인 항당뇨 효능을 본 연구에서 처음으로 증명하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2003

Lonicerae Flos (LF) has been used as an anticancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory agent in traditional herbal medicine. In this study, induction of rat growth hormone (rGH) by addition of methanol (MeOH) extract of LF of Lonicerae (L.) Folium or several constituents of L. Folium were carried out in the pituitary cell culture system. Induced rGH level by addition of 70% MeOH extract of LF was increased to $732.65{\pm}105.64%$ of control (n=18, p<0.01), however, the other sequential fractions were not significantly different from the control. Ochnaflavone, a constituent of L. Folium, induced rGH level in the cell culture to $329.73{\pm}160.00%$ of control (n=6, p<0.01). An I..v. injection of the MeOH extract of LF did not increase plasma rGH level in anesthetized rats. Unfortunately, the MeOH extract of LF induced prolactin and LH release about 7 and 5 fold of the control, respectively (p<0.05, each). In conclusions, 70% MeOH extract of LF exerted induction of rGH release in rat pituitary cell culture. Further studies to investigate mechanisms of the inducded rGH by LF are in progress.