• 대한수학회보
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

A graph theoretical model called Roman domination in graphs originates from the historical background that any undefended place (with no legions) of the Roman Empire must be protected by a stronger neighbor place (having two legions). It is applicable to military and commercial decision-making problems. A Roman dominating function for a graph G = (V, E) is a function $f:V{\rightarrow}\{0,1,2\}$ such that every vertex v with f(v)=0 has at least a neighbor w in G for which f(w)=2. The Roman domination number of a graph is the minimum weight ${\sum}_{v{\in}V}\;f(v)$ of a Roman dominating function. In order to deal a problem of a Roman domination-type defensive strategy under multiple simultaneous attacks, ${\acute{A}}lvarez$-Ruiz et al. [1] initiated the study of a new parameter related to Roman dominating function, which is called strong Roman domination. ${\acute{A}}lvarez$-Ruiz et al. posed the following problem: Characterize the graphs G with equal strong Roman domination number and Roman domination number. In this paper, we construct a family of trees. We prove that for a tree, its strong Roman dominance number and Roman dominance number are equal if and only if the tree belongs to this family of trees.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.717-737
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• 2021

A theoretical energy-based model to capture the mechanical response of thick woven composite laminates, which are used in such applications as maritime or aerospace, to high-velocity impact was developed. The dependences of the impact phenomenon on material and geometrical parameters were analysed making use of the Vaschy-Buckingham Theorem to provide a non-dimensional framework. The model was divided in three different stages splitting the physical interpretation of the perforation process: a first where different dissipative mechanisms such as compression or shear plugging were considered, a second where a transference of linear momentum was assumed and a third where only friction took place. The model was validated against experimental data along with a 3D finite element model. The numerical simulations were used to validate some of the new hypotheses assumed in the theoretical model to provide a more accurate explanation of the phenomena taking place during a high-velocity impact.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.204-205
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• 2022

Recently, the application of BIM has been continuously expanded according to various government policies, and the application performance is being analyzed in BIM projects such as roads and railways. In line with this trend, the government is making additional efforts to introduce full-scale design BIM. The BIM design in the public sector is directly related to the estimated price. However, looking at the current status of BIM introduction, there is no support system in place for calculating the estimated price. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the priority activity that is easy to develop BIM unit price among the construction standard unit Price of construction work. In this study, in order to derive the BIM-based priority activity, BIM application statements and application guidelines were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, cast-in-place concrete construction (civil engineering) and reinforced concrete construction (architecture) were deduced as suitable construction activities for the preferential application of BIM. Since the results presented in this study are a rough analysis, it is judged that additional detailed analysis is necessary for the future.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.273-305
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• 2016

The EBS teaching coaching program, '선생님이 달라졌어요' broadcasted about 30 dramatic teaching improvement cases. The TV program has gained great attention and been used widely as a good example for making some meaningful improvements in teaching. However, there has not been an attempt to research and gather the series beyond the individual coaching examples for the viewers (mainly teachers) to obtain more comprehensive educational insights of the results. This study, therefore, reviews the program and conveys how the overall coaching actually took place, examines changes in classrooms, and discusses the implications the results with theoretical foundations. The researcher selected 12 teachers' coaching cases among 30 ones. Then the reviewers reviewed the program with the 6 categories. According to the results, the coaching took place 6-8 months for each individual teacher. The common difficulty teachers shared was a big gap between teachers' effort for teaching versus 'students problematic behaviors' in class. The overall direction for the coaching solution was 'to improve the relationship with students' first rather than to mainly focus on teaching the content. Students changed and actively participated in the learning process when teachers improved their relationships with the students. The researcher discussed how building good relationships with students greatly affects the improvement in teaching with the 'Needs Hierarchy' and 'Brain Science' theories.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2009

최근 공공미술을 중심으로 하는 장소 만들기를 비롯한 경관계획의 증가와 함께, 도시의 사회 문화적 변화와 그 특성을 배경으로 한 외국인 마을, 도심 속 명소의 등장과 같은 다양한 장소들이 생성되고 있으며, 그에 따른 장소 마케팅 또한 대두되고 있다. 이러한 추세는 장소성에 대한 고찰이 결여된 장소의 창조와 장소마케팅으로 인해 획일화, 상업화된 장소의 확산을 유발할 수 있으며, 따라서 환경계획 설계 분야에서의 장소성에 대한 이해와 심층적인 연구가 선행되어야 하는 필요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 본 연구는 장소성 연구의 일환으로, 국내 프랑스인의 40% 이상이 거주하고 있고 서울시의 명소로 시민들이 방문하고 있는 서래마을을 대상으로 주민과 방문자의 장소성 지각의 차이와 장소적 현상을 통해 장소성 형성요인과 장소 정체성을 연구하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서래마을은 프랑스인 주민의 주거 및 교육환경의 필요에 의해 형성된 장소로서, 이에 부합하는 활동과 의미의 범위에 한정되는 내부성을 형성하고 있다. 또한, 서래마을의 물리적 환경은 프랑스적 요소의 진정성이 결여된 형태로써, 이는 주민의 소극적 활동으로 연결되고 있다. 둘째, 방문자의 경우에는 프랑스 마을이라는 상징적 의미가 우세하게 작용하고 그에 따른 활동 및 의미에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 외부환경의 프랑스적 요소의 진정성 여부는 이러한 외부성을 형성하는데 영향을 미치지 않았다. 셋째, 방문자의 활동 및 장소에 대한 의미부여는 한국인으로 형성된 상권의 활성화에 의해 형성되었으며, 이러한 장소의 상업화 및 활동의 확대는 서래마을의 내부성보다 우세하게 작용하여, 내부성과 외부성의 역전현상을 나타내고 있다. 넷째, 서래마을은 내부의 경험이 아닌, 방문자의 기호를 중심으로 이루어진 장소로써, 프랑스적 상징성을 활용하여 이루어진 대중적 정체성으로 해석된다. 다섯째, 프랑스인의 거주목적으로 이루어진 내부성은 진정성이 결여된 프랑스적 기호를 매개로 한 가공된 장소성으로 재생산 되었으며, 이는 장소의 본질적 측면 보다는 과장되고 상업화된 장소로서 피상적인 가면성을 나타내고 있다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 시민의 안전을 확보하고, 이를 통한 지역경제 활성화에 기여하며, 시민의 복지환경인 안전복지와 사회복지 환경을 개선 등을 이루기 위하여 마을의 안전을 확보하기 위한 시범마을로 서울시 서대문구 북가좌2동을 선정하고, 이 마을에서 2011년부터 사건사고와 재해재난 등이 발생할 수 있는 요인인 차도, 인도, 학교내, 놀이터, 공연장, 휴식장소, 건축물 등 다양한 사회적 변화 시설물에 대한 위험요인을 발굴하고 이를 개선한 내용을 재해경감 교육과 훈련 목적으로 한 곳에 정리하여 생활안전 마을지도를 설계하였다. 3년간 지속적으로 안전모니터링에 의하여 위험요소 발굴 및 개선활동을 한 결과, 2011년부터 마을의 사망자가 2010년 시민 34,000여 명 중 151명 사망자에서 128명으로 23명이 감소하였으며, 이는 한국의 평균 사건사고 사망자 비율인 12.8%인 인구대비 18명으로부터 5명이 더 추가로 감소되었다. 재해에 강한 도시를 만들고, 안전모델 마을을 방문하기 원하는 사람들을 돕기 위하여 탐방로지도와 10대 생활안전 요인들을 제시하였다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-43
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• 2021

본 연구는 학령기 자폐스펙트럼장애(ASD) 아동을 대상으로 음악제작 앱 기반 상호적 음악만들기 활동을 적용하여 의사소통 기술을 향상시키는지 알아보기 위해 진행된 사례연구이다. 음악만들기 중재는 타인의 음악패턴을 모방하여 주고받는 음악적 모방 단계(1단계), 타인의 음악 패턴을 반영하는 음악적 표현과 조정 단계(2단계), 타인과 공동 음악만들기를 시도하는 음악적 상호작용의 확장 단계(3단계)로 구성되었다. 본 연구에서는 대상자가 다양한 수준의 음악을 완성하고 조정하는 기회를 통해 대상자가 의견을 개시하고 조율하는 행동을 촉진하고자 물리적 악기가 아닌 음악제작 앱과 GarageBand를 활용했다. 연구대상자는 ASD로 진단받은 만 8세, 만 11세의 남아이고, 중재는 회기별 40분씩, 주 2회, 총 8회기 진행되었다. 음악적 상호작용 변화를 확인하기 위해 음악 활동 시 대상자의 의견 개시 및 조율 행동을 관찰하여 분석했고, 대상자의 부모에게 사전·사후 사회적 반응성 척도(SRS-2) 검사를 평정하도록 했다. 연구 결과, 중재에 참여한 대상자 모두 의견 개시 및 조율 행동과 음악적 상호작용 행동에 긍정적인 변화를 보였으며, 사회적 반응성 척도 점수에서 전반적인 감소가 나타나 본 연구가 대상자의 사회적 의사소통에 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 음악 테크놀로지를 활용한 상호적 음악만들기 활동이 ASD 아동의 사회적 의사소통 기술을 향상시키는 데 효과적인 중재 방안이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2013

With globalization and the execution of a self-governing system, the government-oriented system has been transformed into a city-oriented system. The importance of the competitive power of a city is thus increasing. Because of this each region is trying to develop its own differentiated image and to create branding using unique historical and cultural resources and, as one of the strategies for this, public spaces have been developed. For a public space to be used as a means to promote the attractiveness of a city, creates a local image and works as a medium to help a community of people realize a pleasant life. Therefore, in this study, I am clarified theoretically the meaning of placeness and form factors. and study realization methods in the space around the public space case. The results of the study are as following. In the modern space, Place is to be understood as a recognition and experience. Therefore rather than spatial structure physical fixed, recognition through the human experience is an important feature of the place-making, it is necessary to access in spatial planning based on this point of view. The factors of the placeness formation are physical environment factors, activity elements of the human, the meaning factors. and these elements form the placeness through via interaction. Therefore, even space implementation of the place, it is necessary to grasp the elements of each, as well as the physical aspects in particular, planning programmatic and various functions must be parallel strategically. There is a need to implement a space device that can be carried out in space activities.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2005

The Seoul Housing Corporation pronounced a design competition for Eunpyeng New Town District 2 in March of 2005. The authors collaborated on this design and won rot prize. Design guidelines of this competition were to make environmentally sustainable design, to develop as a resort site and cultural place for everyday life of residents, to link with green fabric of the district, and to elevate positive image and identity of Eunpyeng New Town district by creating a attractive landscape. The authors developed design concept and strategy within the guidelines and site conditions. The environmental setting of this site was characterized by mountain to the rear of the site with a stream passing through the district and the front of the site. This is the most important condition for the location principle of residence in Fung Shui theory. Therefore, the schema of the design was introduced by Fung Shui and Chi of place. To evolve design concept, we reinterpret the Fung Shui and Chi in the site combining with modem landscape design strategy, so that good place making could bring about well-being life of residents. By doing that, design concept of the proposal evolved as follows: 'fullness of comfortable life', 'adaptation of nature', 'inspiration of natural force'. This design approach is critical reevaluation of regional characters employing modem strategy. It is a conscious strategy of critical regionalism as distinguished from the traditional site oriented approach. The following are some of the major features in the design: green network and water recycle system in the site, promenade of forest with the experience nature, link to community core, theme gardens with plants having strong fragrances, terrace gardens with different level of housing type, playgrounds and resting places with many types, human scale facilities for residents.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1982

In this study, we attempted to make an original pattern of clothing for an abnormal type of figure, especially for the type of kyphosis. We measured the curvature of the spine of a woman with kyphosis with a Martin measuring instrument and a silhouetter in the following ways. First, we counted the rate of shrinkage of the standard lines drawn on the surface of the body according as the body moved. Secondly, placing the front and back darts, the front and back shoulder darts and the side darts according to“Munhwa”pattern, we made cubic cuttings of four moving postures as well as the standing one. Thirdly, we superposed the developed patterns of the standing and the moving postures, measuring the position change and the amount of the chaange of the darts, and compared them. The results are as follows: 1) In the developed pattern of a cubic cutting of the basic pattern and the standing posture, the neckhole became larger than that of the basic pattern, and the waist line was lowered than that of the basic pattern because the center back line was shortened due to the curved backbone. 2) As for the change of the standard line according to the movement, we found that the waist line, the center front line, the center back line, the bust width line, the upper back width line and the back width line became longer. Special consideration must be given to the function of the clothing for an abnormal type of figure. 3) The difference of the measurements between the cubic cutting and the body measurement regardless of the body movement is due to a gap by an acute angle at the jutted place between the developed pattern and the body surface. We found that the body measurement of the upper back width line, the back width line and the bust line became larger. Consequently, in making an original clothing pattern, it is desirable that we must not place the front and the back waist darts at the jutted place on the back from the functional and the aesthetic viewpoint of clothing. It is also desirable that we must widen the neckhole because the shoulder angle is close to a straight line due to a jut of the upper back width line.