• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.801-807
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• 2006

This study analyzed the timbral characteristics of Pliri by basis step for the sound synthesis for Piri, Korean traditional musical Instrument. By analyzing this material, we can find out three characteristics about the study of the spectrum analysis for the sound synthesis of Piri. First, compared the timbral characteristics of Piri with Oboe through the spectrum analysis, Second, analyzed the timbral characteristics by the sound occurrence process through the time zone analysis of the attack part of the sound started. Finally, analyzed the special characteristics of the vibrato that is important role of musical instrument performance. As a result, the timbral characteristics of Piri is that the volume of the high harmonics was appeared to be high unlike the general classical instrument and the noise quantity rapidly decreased in the sound attack part but the volume value of harmonics increased. And also vibrato that is performance technique is changed pitch and amplitude at the same time by contrast with the general classical instrument. Thus, the timbral characteristic of Piri by the harmonics and the timbre change by the attack part which is sound occurrence process and the change of the pitch and amplitude in the vibrato is characteristic that represented unique quality of Piri. We expect that this achievement can be applied to sound synthesis.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2015

Yoseong sound is one of the Piri's representative techniques including unique timbre of Korean traditional musical instrument. This paper presents the acoustic characteristics of Yoseong sound by analyzing the sound of Piri and suggests audio filters that make Yoseong sound from ordinary sound of the Piri.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.701-748
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• 2019

Gwanak-yeongsanhoesang, called as Samhyeon-yeongsanhoesang or Pyojeongmanbangjigok, is played by the musical instrumental organization, Samhyeonyukgak or by a large scale wind ensemble added Sogeum and Ajaeng. This study aims to analyze the structure and form of Piri melody which plays major melody of Sangnyeongsan in Gwanak-yeongsanhoesang, and to examine the relationship between Piri melody and Daegeum yeoneum grasping the structure and function of yeoneum. In Sangnyeongsan of Gwanak-yeongsanhoesang, the criterion for grouping the phrases of Piri melody is yeoneum. Especially, Daegeum yeoneum carries out the function of finishing the phrase of Piri playing the major melody by ornamenting or extending it, and presenting the motives or motive elements of the next phrase while Piri rests. The types of a, b, g, and i in the various shapes of the minimum melodic fragment of Piri are important motive elements that constitute a phrase of Piri melody. Especially, main motive a-type (仲→無) contrasts with b type (林→潢) which forms a strong tension by transposing 2 degrees upward. In addition, a-type gradually descends towards the end of music by changing to g-type (仲→林) or to i-type (太→林) which is 3 degrees below, which is related to the gradual descent cadence of Korean traditional music. A phrase of Piri melody of Sangnyeongsan in Gwanak-yeongsanhoesang consists of a combination of the types a, b, g, i, and cadence (x-type), and each phrase is structured in the repeating tension-relaxation. Looking at the structure of Piri phrases by similar types, each phrase has a logical variation structure through the methods such as omission and addition of notes, and crossing of melodies. The shape of the minimum melodic fragment of Daegeum yeoneum can be divided into a back-yeoneum of a~b types and a front-yeoneum of x1~x3. The x-types ornament Jungnyeo (仲), the cadence tone of Piri melody or are simply used as the extending back-yeoneum, and types a and b have the function of a front-yeoneum that prepares the beginning of the next phrase of Piri melody. The combination types of the minimum melodic fragment of Daegeum yeoneum appear mostly as the shape of back-yeoneum + front-yeoneum. In addition, the front-yeoneum of the type a and b appears independently without back-yeoneum, and the x3 type has a shape of the back-yeoneum without the front-yeoneum. Looking at the structure of Daegeum yeoneum by similar types, it can be seen that Daegeum yeoneum is also composed of a variation structure of omission and addition of notes like Piri melody.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.247-250
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• 1999

Like any other music, Korean traditional music make a beautiful compound melody of many music instruments. In this paper, we separate melody especially played by two instruments, that is Kayakeum, Piri(Korean pipe) analysing each audio signal. Kayakeum, Piri have a unique frequency component for each sound height. Therefore each melody of them can be expressed into each sheet of notation separately and MIDI codes. We expect that this paper will benefit all the people studying and instructing Korean music.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.641-647
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• 2005

This note is a verification on the relations between multiplicative and almost multiplicative linear maps; and the continuity of almost multiplicative linear maps.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2005

$C^*$-algebras which are closed sub-algebras of Banach algebras have been studied many years ago. In this note we extend the main definition of $C^*$-algebras to metrizable topological algebras.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.14 no.4 s.25
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• pp.215-219
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• 1975

The number of instars of pear sawfly larvae (Janus piri Okamoto) collected front field pear trees, were determined by measuring the width of head capsule, and the growth ratio in each instar was also studied. 1. The larval head width had six distinct peaks, which suggests that the larva of this insect passes six instars. 2. The head width tended to increase as the instars avdance, except in tile first and second instars. The coeffieient of variation decressed as the instars advanced. The growth ratio, which was similarly great in the first and second instars, decreased as the instars advanced. 3. Gains' and Campbell's formulae seemed to be more suitable than Dyer's for the determination of larval instars of this insect by the measurement of headwidth. 4. The larval instars could be inferred from the extent of damage to pear tree by this insect; that is the larvae in the second to fourth instars usually gave slight and invissible damage, while those in the fifth to sixth instars gave rapid and severe damage.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

A class of topological algebras, which we call it a fundamental one, has already been introduced to generalize the locally bounded and locally convex algebras. To prove the basic theorems on fundamental algebras, the first successful step is the new version of the Cohen factorization theorem. Here we recall it and prove some new results on fundamental topological algebras.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.349-359
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• 2020

We study perfect 2-colorings of regular graphs. In particular, we consider the 4-regular case. We obtain a characterization of perfect 2-colorings of toroidal grids.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.199-207
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• 2009

This note is a verification on the relations between almost linear and nearly additive maps; and the continuity of almost multiplicative nearly additive maps. Also we consider the stability of nearly additive and almost linear maps.