• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.814-820
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• 2015

PinX1, a nucleolar protein of 328 amino acids, inhibits telomerase activity, which leads to the shortening of telomeres. The C-terminal region of PinX1 is responsible for its nucleolar localization and binding with TERT, a catalytic component of telomerase. A fraction of TERT localizes to the nucleolus, but the role of TERT in the nucleolus is largely unknown. Here, we report a functional connection between PinX1 and TERT regarding PinX1 stability. The C-terminal of $PinX1^{205-328}$, a nucleolar fragment, was much more stable than the N-terminal of $PinX1^{1-204}$, a nuclear fragment. Interestingly, PinX1 was less stable in TERT-depleted cells and more stable in TERT-myc expressing cells. Stability assays for PinX1 truncation forms showed that both $PinX1^{1-328}$ and $PinX1^{205-328}$, nucleolar forms, were more rapidly degraded in TERT-depleted cells, while they were more stably maintained in TERT-overexpressing cells, compared to each of the controls. However, $PinX1^{1-204}$ was degraded regardless of the TERT status. These results reveal that the stability of PinX1 is maintained in nucleolus in the presence of TERT and suggest a role of TERT in the regulation of PinX1 steady-state levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.43-55
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• 2020

The effect of cutted pin in front of pin-fin array was analyzed for increasing the cooling performance of gas turbine blade. The numerical simulations were conducted to figure out the flow and thermal characteristics. The base case which is staggered pin-fin array, cut pin case 1 which has X₂/D_p=1.25 cut pin and cut pin case 2 which has X₃/D_p=1.75 cut pin were compared. The results showed that cut pin increases the strength of the horseshoe vortex which occurred at the leading edge of pin-fin array. Furthermore, the wake effect is reduced at the trailing edge of pin-fin array. As a result, the heat transfer distribution on the endwall increases. However, the friction factor increases owing to the installation of cut pin, but the thermal performance factor is increased maximum 23.8% in cut pin case 2. Therefore, installation of cut pin will be helpful for increasing the cooling performance of pin-fin array of gas turbine blade.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8931-8936
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• 2014

Background: Herbal compounds such as curcumin which decrease telomerase and gene expression have been considered as beneficial tools for lung cancer treatment. In this article, we compared the effects of pure curcumin and curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA nanoparticles on telomerase and PinX1 gene expression in a lung cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: A tetrazolium-based assay was used for determination of cytotoxic effects of curcumin on the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line and telomerase and pinX1 gene expression was measured with real-time PCR. Results: MTT assay showed that Curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA inhibited the growth of the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line in a time and dose-dependent manner. Our q-PCR results showed that the expression of telomerase gene was effectively reduced as the concentration of curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA increased while expression of the PinX1 gene became elevated. Conclusions: The results showed that curcumin-loaded-NIPAAm-MAA exerted cytotoxic effects on the Calu-6 cell line through down-regulation of telomerase and stimulation of pinX1 gene expression. NIPPAm-MAA could be good carrier for such kinds of hydrophobic agent.

• KSCI Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 X-Band용 두 개의 발진기를 사용하여 중간결합을 통한 위상잡음 특성을 개선할 목적으로 중간동기결합 구조의 발진기를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조는 각각의 발진기는 Hai-Pin을 이용한 발진기로 설계를 하였으며, 두 발진기가 중간결합을 위해 갖는 위상차는 발진기들의 바이어스를 이용하여 조정을 한다. 제안된 구조의 수치계산을 통한 설계, 하드웨어 구현 및 실험을 통해 측정된 결과를 제시하였으며, 측정 결과로 위상잡음 특성이 약 100dBc/Hz 개선됨을 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2015

Objective : To improve pedicle screw placement accuracy with minimal radiation and low cost, we developed specially designed K-wire with a marker. To evaluate the accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screws placed using the novel guide-pin and portable X-rays. Methods : Observational cohort study with computerized tomography (CT) analysis of in vivo and in vitro pedicle screw placement. Postoperative CT scans of 183 titanium pedicle screws (85 lumbar and 98 thoracic from T1 to L5) placed into 2 cadavers and 18 patients were assessed. A specially designed guide-pin with a marker was inserted into the pedicle to identify the correct starting point (2 mm lateral to the center of the pedicle) and aiming point (center of the pedicle isthmus) in posteroanterior and lateral X-rays. After radiographically confirming the exact starting and aiming points desired, a gearshift was inserted into the pedicle from the starting point into the vertebral body through the center of pedicle isthmus. Results : Ninety-nine percent (181/183) of screws were contained within the pedicle (total 183 pedicle screws : 98 thoracic pedicle screws and 85 lumbar screws). Only two of 183 (1.0%) thoracic pedicle screws demonstrated breach (1 lateral in a patient and 1 medial in a cadaver specimen). None of the pedicle breaches were associated with neurologic or other clinical sequelae. Conclusion : A simple, specially designed guide-pin with portable X-rays can provide correct starting and aiming points and allows for accurate pedicle screw placement without preoperative CT scan and intraoperative fluoroscopic assistance.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.463-468
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• 2023

In this paper, we proposed reconfigurable dual polarization patch array antenna that can select two polarizations(Vertical, RHCP) using defected ground structure and Pin diode. The proposed antenna was designed arranging a circular polarization patch antenna implemented with a square microstrip patch and two slots 3x3 at 25.8mm placed, a half-wavelength of 5.8 GHz. Conect the pin diode and the capacitor to the slot diagonally placed on the ground of each antennas, and select polarization using the open/short operating according to the application of DC voltage to the pin diode. As a result of the design, the gain of the antenna is 11.7 dBi at vertical polarization and 11.6 dBic at RHCP. The axial ratio is 20.3 dB at 1.8 dB vertical polarization at RHCP. Mutual Coupling is Maximum to -20.8 dB for vertical polarization and Maximum to -30.1 dB for RHCP.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2001

($Ti_{1-x}$ $Cr_{x}$ )N coatings were deposited by an ion-plating method in a reactor with two separate metal sources, Ti and Cr. Ti was evaporated using an electron beam, while Cr evaporation was carried out by resistant heating. The Ti and Cr concentrations in the coatings were controlled by the Ti and Cr evaporation ratio. The coating hardness increased with increasing the Cr content(x) and showed a maximum value of 6,000 HK at around x=0.8. The critical load of the coatings, measured by the scratch test, was around 30 N. The wear resistance properties of the ($Ti_{1-x}$$Cr_{ x}$)N coatings were evaluated using a CSEM pin-on-disk type tribometer. A Cr-steel ball as well as a SiC ball, which had hardness values of 590 HK and 2,600 HK respectively, were used as the pin. After the wear test, the surface morphology, roughness and the concentration of the coatings were investigated, with the main focus being on the effect of wear debris and the transferred layer on the wear behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2017

In this paper, the X-band reconfigurable frequency selective surface having flexible geometry was proposed. The proposed RFSS is composed of patterns of cross-shaped loop with inductive stub, which can control the frequency response for C-Band and X-band by ON/OFF state of PIN diode. To minimize the parasitic effect and to obtain the high level of isolation between the unit cell of FSS and the bias circuit, we designed the grid type bias line on bottom layer through via hole. The measured transmission characteristics show good agreement with the simulation results and good stability of frequency response for different incident angles and curvatures of surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.761-764
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• 2002

This paper deals with the stress concentration of the rotating disc in detail. We studied maximum stress of rotating disc with respect to the various parameter of circular hole such as position, size, number of the hole, then the mollified effect of maximum stress due to pin-hole around circular hole, using FEM, the results are as follows: 1. The more the number of circular hole and the further from the center, the maximum equivalent stress reduces. 2. When the pin-hole is located 60$^{\circ}$ from the x-axis, the maximum stress reduces significantly due to the effect of interference.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3517-3523
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• 2010

Single exposure dual X-ray imaging can be used to separate soft and dense-material images for medical and industrial applications. This study keep focusing baggage inspection system(BIS) specifically. New detector modules for single exposure dual X-ray imaging are consisted of low energy detector (LED) and high energy detector (HED). First, the optimized thickness of copper filter coupled HED to separate low energy and high energy was simulated by the given X-ray energy (140 kVp, 1 mA) using Monte Carlo simulation codes, MCNPX. So as a result of simulation, the copper filter thickness is 0.7 mm. For the design of PIN photodiode, ATLAS device simulation tool was used. 16 channels PIN photodiode of 1.5 mm ${\times}$ 3.2 mm for Dual X-ray imaging detector was fabricated in the process of ETRI. And its dark current and quantum efficiency, terminal capacitance were measured. It was proven that the Lanex Fast B coupled HED were a sufficient candidate to replace the CsI(Tl) commerced in dual X-ray system, since these give a strong signal, overcoming system noise. Finally dual X-ray image was acquired through correction of the LED X-ray Image and the HED X-ray Image.