• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.3 s.99
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• pp.189-194
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• 2005

The berthing/deberthing manoeuvring operation is the peculiar work owned to the marine pilot and the dock master. So, in the port or the shipyard, the berthing/deberthing manoeuvring operation requires considerable concentration and bears dangerousness. In that situation, a tug utilization is getting increased and the external forces have an effect on the own ship because of moving with low advance speed. In this study, we constructed the 2-dimensional virtual ship manoeuvring simulator system with which we can carry out the berthing/deberthing manoeuvring operation by using tugs in the external forces such as strong wind. And then, we propose the objective indexes by which the degree of manoeuvring difficulty evaluated. Using the present system, we carry out manoeuvring simulation experiment in order to grasp correlation between the objective indexes proposed here and the def{ree of manoeuvring difficulty felt by operator. Lastly, we discuss the evaluation technique of manoeuvring difficulty.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.15 no.1 s.69
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

For treating a huge amount of plastic waste with the environment problem, pyrolysis of plastic waste into alternative fuel oil is one or important issue in recycling methods. This study was introduced over the trend or generation of plastic waste, in Korea pyrolysis technology in domestic and foreign countries, basic technology in pyrolysis process and new technology of pyrolysis developed in KIER (Korea Institute of Energy research). The characteristics of process developed in KIER are the continuous loading treatment or mixed plastic waste with an automatic control system, the minimization of wax production by circulation pyrolysis system in non-catalytic reactor, the reuse of gas produced and the oil recovery from sludge generated in pyrolysis plant, which have greatly the advantage economically and environmetally. The experiment result data in 300 ton/yr pilot plant showed about $81\;wt\%$ liquid yield for 3 days continuous reaction time, and also the boiling point distribution of light oil (LO) and heavy oil (HO) produced in distillation tower was a little higher than that of commercial gasoline and diesel, respectively.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.365-374
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• 2008

Using flight simulator tasks with 48 air force cadets, this research examined the effects of pilots' flight skill and self-esteem on risk-taking behavior in the context of social comparison with their cohorts. Flight skill and self-esteem were assessed for individual cadets and three conditions of social comparison (upward-, downward-, and no-comparison) were devised. Flight simulator situations inappropriate for further approach or landing were designed to assess pilots' risk-taking behavior. Weather conditions in the simulator were inadequate to make a landing and the recommended strategy was to break off the approach and attempt a go-around. In this experiment, pilots' risk taking was measured in terms of their approach altitudes; the lower approach altitudes indicative of the higher risk-taking. Our results showed interaction effects of flight skill, self-esteem, and social comparison on risk-taking behaviors. For pilots who were either high or low in both self-esteem and flight skill, social comparison had no effect on risk-taking behavior. However, pilots with high self-esteem but low flight skill showed more risk-taking behaviors in social comparison conditions. And, pilots with low self-esteem but high flight skill showed risk-aversive behaviors in the downward-comparison condition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1147-1153
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• 2010

To evaluate the solar photocatalytic degradation efficiency of chloroform in a real solar-light driven compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs) system, $TiO_2$ was irradiated with a metalhalide lamp (1000 W), which has a similar wavelength to sunlight. The results were applied to a pilot scale reactor system by converting the data to a standardized illumination time. In addition, the effects of initial pH and the $TiO_2$ dose on the photocatalytic degradation of chloroform were investigated. The results were compared with the specific surface area (S.S.A) and particle size of $TiO_2$, which changed according to the pH, to determine the relationship between the S.S.A, particle size and the photocatalytic degradation of chloroform. The experiment was carried out at pH 4~7 using 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g/L of $TiO_2$. The particle size and specific surface area of $TiO_2$ were measured. There was no significant difference between the variables. However, pH affects the particle size distribution and specific surface area of $TiO_2$. Inaddition, the activation of a photocatalyst did not show a linear relationship with the specific surface area of $TiO_2$ in the photocatalytic degradation of chloroform.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.34-46
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• 2005

For treating a huge amount of plastic waste with the environment problem, pyrolysis of plastic waste into alternative fuel oil is one of important issue in recycling methods. This study was introduced over the trend of generation of plastic waste, pyrolysis technology in domestic and foreign countries, basic technology in pyrolysis process and new technology of pyrolysis developed in KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research). The characteristics of process developed in KIER are the continuous loading treatment of mixed plastic waste with an automatic control system, the minimization of wax production by circulation pyrolysis system in non-catalytic reactor, the reuse of gas produced and the oil recovery from sludge generated in pyrolysis plant, which have greatly the advantage economically and environmetally. The experiment result data in 300 ton/yr pilot plant showed about 81 wt% liquid yield for 3 days continuous reaction time, and also the boiling point distribution of light oil (LO) and heavy oil (HO) produced in distillation tower was a little higher than that of commercial gasoline and diesel, respectively.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.1 s.60
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• pp.29-32
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• 2007

We investigated new ingredients with real efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo all together. Especially we focused on the real improving effort in the clinical experiments. Because most products containing effective materials evaluated in vitro failed to show a real improving effect in the human with acne. We evaluated the well-known ingredients in a small scale clinical experiment with half-finished goods containing each ingredient. Among these products, product formulating SeleMix AN composed with germinating soy bean and magnolias bark extract remarkably improved acne and acne scar. Moreover skin redness caused by severe acne was improved. There was statistical significance between placebo and sample. Two hundred volunteers participated in our pilot study with written informed consent. After then we performed in vitro efficacy test this ingredient. SeleMix AN inhibited the growth of propionibacterium acnes at a concentration of 0.0125% and suppressed histamine release by 16.9%. Moreover human fibroblast cell activity was increased by 57% compared to control. Lastly, we performed a clinical study. Consisting of groups of 23 volunteers. Although the period of the test was in summer accelerating sebum secretion and recurring a high tate of acne, inflammation lesions were especially improved after applying product containing SeleMix AN for 4 weeks.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted to analyze the single dose toxicity of Mecasin (Gami-Jakyak Gamcho buja Decoction) herbal acupuncture administered in the vein of Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods : All experiments were performed at the Medvill, an institution licensed to conduct nonclinical studies, under the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen in this pilot study. In the experiment, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of five male and five female animals per group. Doses of Mecasin herbal acupuncture, at 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg, were given to the experimental groups, and a dose of normal saline solution, at 2 ml/kg, was administered to the control group. Mecasin herb acupuncture and normal saline were injected into the vein at once, and we observed mortality, clinical signs, weights, and gross findings for 14 days after injection. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results : There is no death or abnormality in any of the four groups. All groups put on weights favorably. There are no significant gross findings in necropsy examinations. Conclusions : The above results showed that intravenous injection of 500-2,000 mg/kg of Mecasin herb acupuncture did not cause any changes in weight or, in the results of necropsy examinations, in mortalities. Therefore, the toxicity of Mecasin herb acupuncture was not confirmed, and the presumptive lethal dose of Mecasin herb acupuncture was higher than 2,000 mg/kg. The outcomes suggest that treatment with Mecasin herbal acupuncture is relatively safe. Further evaluations on this subject are needed to yield more concrete evidence.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2017

Interactive intervention of the human presenter is one of the important factors that make the visualization more effective. Rather than just showing the content, the presenter enhances the process of the information delivery by providing the context of visualization. In this paper, we define this as an augmented presentation. In augmented presentation concept, the presenter can facilitate presentation more actively by being fully immersed in the visualization space and reaching and interacting into digital information. In order to concrete the concept, we design presentation space that enables the presenter to be seamlessly immersed in the visualization. Also we increase the presenter's roles as a storyteller, controller and augmenter allowing the presenter to fully support communicative process between the audience and the visualization. Then, we present an augmented presentation system to verify the proposed concept. We rendered 3D visualization through a half-mirror film and a wall projection screen that are place in parallel and applied with stereoscopic images, then, spatially align the presenter inside the virtual visualization space. After that, we conduct a controlled experiment to investigate the subjective level of immersion and engagement of the audience to HoloStation compared to traditional presentation system. Our initial investigation suggests that the newly conceived augmented presentation has potential not only to enhance the information presentation but also to supports the delivery of visualization.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.51-62
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• 2015

Objectives : This research was conducted to plan a strategy on the activities for ADHD who want to improve, and to use the strategy to find out how it influences the occupational performance when applying Cognitive Orientation to a daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach. Methods : A single Subject AB design was employed. The subjects was one children with ADHD. The experiment consisted of 10 sessions spread over 7 weeks. The objective selected through COPM with guardians was improvement of chopstick use by children. In the course of the intervention, the overall CO-OP process was explained, continued analysis of performance and practice were encouraged in order to learn the skill of chopstick use, and guidance was given for DSS. Performance was measured by the time to move beans from one plate to another, starting from when the chopsticks were picked up. Results : The time to pick up the beans was 22.3s before the intervention, which was decreased by 7.2s to 15.1s after the intervention. The parents' COPM score showed an improvement of 3 points for performance and 4 points for satisfaction, demonstrating a clinically significant change. Conclusion : This study provides evidence that CO-OP is beneficial in occupation performance in children with ADHD.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 2011

A pilot-scale experiment of floodplain filtration with a filtration depth of 3.6m was performed employing flood/rest type raw-water supply system in an effort to find ways to improve river water quality by additional treatments of discharged effluent from sewage treatment plant. Soil samples were taken from 3 sites including Gumi, Daegu and Gimhae along the Nakdong river. Reductions of infiltration rates following increases in operating time was investigated in each soil sample, along with the analysis of removal efficiencies of various pollutants according to different depths and infiltration rates. The results show incremental development of clogging on the soil surface with increases in operation time, and illustrate exponential decrease in the infiltration rate. The time required for the removal of the clog from the soil surface was longer than 2 weeks for all soil samples analyzed. The stable infiltration rates for soils were 5 m/day for Gumi and for Daegu and Gimhae was 1 m/day. In unsaturated soils dissolved oxygen levels increased following the increase of filtration depth, suggesting that alternating application of flood and rest for raw-water supply effectively keeps the soil environment aerobic. For all soils, the nature of pollutant removal depending on the depth of filtration remained the same regardless of the infiltration rate. Most of the BOD and turbidity were removed within 1.2 m, about 30% of COD was removed within 3.6m and was expected to be removed further with increases in filtration depth. Nitrification occurred near the surface of all soils; however there was no significant removal of nitrogen in the filtration depths tested in this study. Although removal rate of phosphorus was low for Gumi's soil, it was high enough for other soils, suggesting that the method developed in this study could significantly improve river water quality.