• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2007

An investigation evaluating the preparation and physicochemical properties of sauce with various herbs(sancho, sage, and rosemary) derived from soy sauce was performed. The effects of the different kinds of herbs added to sauce for roasted mackerel were assessed using physiochemical, sensory, flavor, and texture analysis properties. This fish was then compared to, fish with salt. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash content of the roasted mackerel were significantly higher than the control(p<0.05, p<0.001). The salinity content of the herb sauce added samples were significantly higher than the control(p<0.05). Conversely, the pH and peroxide value of the herb sauce added samples were significantly lower than the control(p<0.001). A positive trend was observed for color value with sancho added sauce(p<0.001). The another positive effects on the texture of fish was observed for texture analysis, adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness with herb sauce added samples(p<0.05). In the flavor profile, the fishy smell was disappeared and antifungal flavor was improved with herb added sauce. Flavor, taste, texture, and overall preference of herb sauce were significantly highest in sancho added sauce(p<0.05, p<0.001). Results suggest that the best herb sauce for roasted mackerel was sancho added sauce.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2010

Sugar snap cookies were prepared with the addition of carrot powder (2~12%) as a source of dietary fiber. Analyses of physiochemical properties, rheology and sensory evaluation of the cookies were conducted. Increasing carrot powder content weakened the flour, as evidenced by decreased diameter and increased thickness, which resulted in decreased spread factor. The water content of the carrot powder-amended cookies and unamended flour was not significantly different. The pH and L values progressively decreased and a and b values progressively increased with increasing addition of carrot powder. Textural analysis revealed no significant differences in brittleness with carrot powder addition, even though brittleness did decrease with the addition of more carrot powder. Sensory evaluation revealed a preference for cookies prepared with 2~4% carrot powder, with decreased preference at powder concentrations exceeding 6%. Addition of a dried vegetable with high fiber content caused the dietary fiber to absorb much water content, resulting in decreased diameter, increased thickness and decreased spread factor. Therefore, it is deemed desirable to increase the spread factor by controlling the water content and adding emulsifiers so as to enhance the functionality and maintain the quality of cookies.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2009

This study systematically investigated a method for extraction of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linnaeus) colorants by ultrasonic treatment. Compared to pigments productivity and cell wall structures of safflower after general and ultrasonic method, the ultrasonic method showed high extraction efficiency of safflower pigments due to destruction of safflower cell wall caused by high vibration energies. Microscopic analysis confirmed the hypothesis that the ultrasonic treatment of safflower caused its cell wall structure loosened and made efficient extraction of safflower pigments. And also, LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that productivities of the yellow and red safflower pigments by ultrasonic method were 21.9% and 14.6% higher, respectively, than those of pigments extracted by general method. The ultrasonic extracted yellow and red colorants could be used to dye not only natural fibers like cotton, silk and wool, but also synthetic fiber like nylon, and generally gave a better color tone than the general extracted colorants from safflower due to the affinities of red and yellow colorant on different fibers. As the yellow and red colorant were extracted by ultrasonic treatment in water, the K/S value on of 550/440nm of cotton and rayon was increased but in the case of silk and wool the change of this value was almost not detected. Finally, this technique might provide a solution to establish reproducibility and standardization for the extraction and dyeing methods on fabrics.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2013

Today, a desirable way to manage livestock manure is to activate its utilization as a resource. The production of high quality liquid fertilizer of livestock manure is very important because it increases the use of various liquid fertilizer. However, the result of mature evaluation with a maturity measuring instrument for liquid fertilizer showed that the deviation of concentration between liquid fertilizer did not bring into uniformity. The result is also making sure that quality management for liquid fertilizer is not smoothly made. Quality evaluation for compost and liquid fertilizer includes physical, biological, chemical and microbiological methods, but a chemical method is mainly being implemented due to fairness and field application. Therefore, this study figured out correlation in feces and urine through regression analysis of livestock manure and tried to create a research plan to carry out efficient quality analysis of managing livestock manure.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2015

This study was based on water quality data of the Lake Doam watershed, monitored from 2010 to 2013 at eight different sites with multiple physiochemical parameters. The dataset was divided into two sub-datasets, namely, non-rainy and rainy. Principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA) techniques were applied to evaluate seasonal correlations of water quality parameters and extract the most significant parameters influencing stream water quality. The first five principal components identified by PCA techniques explained greater than 80% of the total variance for both datasets. PCA and FA results indicated that total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved inorganic phosphorus were the most significant parameters under the non-rainy condition. This indicates that organic and inorganic pollutants loads in the streams can be related to discharges from point sources (domestic discharges) and non-point sources (agriculture, forest) of pollution. During the rainy period, turbidity, suspended solids, nitrate nitrogen, and dissolved inorganic phosphorus were identified as the most significant parameters. Physical parameters, suspended solids, and turbidity, are related to soil erosion and runoff from the basin. Organic and inorganic pollutants during the rainy period can be linked to decayed matters, manure, and inorganic fertilizers used in farming. Thus, the results of this study suggest that principal component analysis techniques are useful for analysis and interpretation of data and identification of pollution factors, which are valuable for understanding seasonal variations in water quality for effective management.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2016

상온($20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$)에서 후숙(0일~30일)된 참다래의 품질 및 영양성분 함량분석을 수행하였고 최적 후숙 기간을 구명하기 위해 항산화활성, 단백질 분해능과 관능평가를 수행하였다. 기간별 후숙된 참다래의 품질은 경도와 산도가 20일 이후부터 급격히 감소되는 경향을 보였고 식이섬유, 특히 수용성 식이섬유는 20일 이후에 함량이 크게 증가 하였으며 유리당과 유기산 함량도 대체적으로 20일 이후에 뛰게 각 증가와 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 총페놀과 총플라보노이드 함량은 20일 이후에 함량이 유의하게 높았고 아질산염 소거능도 이와 유사하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 DPPH radical 소거능을 통한 항산화 효과와 tyrosinase 억제능을 이용한 미백효과는 기간이 길어질수록 감소하였는데 이는 비타민 C 함량 패턴과 유사하였다. 참다래에 함유된 단백질 분해효소 actinidin을 SDS-PAGE 분석을 통해 확인하였고 함량과 이의 효능을 조사한 결과 후숙 기간이 경과됨에 따라 actinidin의 함량과 단백질 분해능도 점차 증가하였으며 15~20일 이후에 급격히 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 후숙 기간별 참다래의 관능평가도 수행 하였는데, 20일 째가 선호도가 가장 높았으며 흥미롭게도 30일 째에는 오히려 선호도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 현재까지 저온 저장된 참다래의 상온 보관시 최적 후숙 기간에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정으로 본 연구 결과는 소비자에게 저장 보관된 참다래의 소비 및 섭취에 있어서 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.727-734
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• 2012

수산업의 해적생물인 불가사리를 이용하여 칼슘보충제를 개발하기위해 불가사리 소화효소에 의한 가수분해 조건과 불가사리 골판 분말의 이화학적 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 불가사리 소화효소에 의한 가수분해 조건은 온도 $55^{\circ}C$에서 12시간동안 실시하는 것이 적절하였다. 불가사리 골판 분말의 겉보기밀도는 아무르불가사리 $1.1{\pm}0.0g/cm^3$, 별 불가사리 $1.2{\pm}0.0g/cm^3$이었으며 median size는 아무르불가사리 $10.738{\mu}m$, 별불가사리 $11.799{\mu}m$이었다. 폴리아크릴산나트륨의 첨가농도에 따른 불가사리 골판 분말의 분산성은 0.0%에서 6시간, 0.1%에서 3일, 0.2%에서 20일, 0.4%에서 30일까지 양호하였으며 염산에 대한 화학반응속도는 별불가사리 0.053 mL/sec, 아무르불가사리 0.057 mL/sec, 탄산칼슘 0.063 mL/sec이었다. 불가사리 골판 분말의 원소 조성은 칼슘이 아무르불가사리 98.95%, 별불가사리 98.52%이었으며 XRD상 분석결과, 탄산칼슘의 형태로 존재하였다. 이상과 같은 연구결과로 미루어 볼 때 불가사리 골판은 칼슘보충제의 소재로 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2012

Eugenol은 많은 식물에서 eugenol synthase에 의해 생합성되는 phenylpropene 계통의 휘발성 화합물이다. 그러나, 토마토 과실에서의 특징은 밝혀져 있지 않다. 이에 따라 토마토 'Micro-Tom'으로부터 RACE 기법을 이용하여 완전장 cDNA를 클로닝 하여, SlEGS라 명명하였다. SlEGS의 open reading frame은 921bp로, 307개의 아미노산 서열을 갖는 단백질로 번역되었다. BLAST 결과에 따라 SlEGS는 PhEGS1 및 CbEGS2와 각 67.1, 69.4%의 높은 상동성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. CLC genomics workbench 프로그램을 이용하여 SlEGS의 아미노산 구성을 분석하였고, Swiss-PDB viewer 프로그램에서 homology modeling 기법으로 SlEGS의 3차원 단백질 구조를 구축한 후 ProSA-web 툴로 3차원 구조의 안정성을 확인 하였다. 또한 ExPASy의 ProtParam 툴을 이용하여 SlEGS의 생리화학적 특성을 분석 하였다. SlEGS의 추정 분자량은 33.93kDA이고 등전점(pI)은 5.85로 산성인 것으로 나타났다. 이와 더불어 SlEGS의 흡광 계수(EC), 불안정성 지수(II), alipathic 지수(AI), GRAVY값 등의 생리화학적 특성에 대한 분석을 실시 하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of the study was to find a possible association between the ${\beta}-$ and ${\kappa}-casein$ and ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$ genotypes and important milk physiochemical and technological characteristics such as acidity, alcohol stability, the contents of some minerals and the parameters of acid fermentation ability (FEA) in Czech Fleckvieh Cattle. Methods: Milk and blood samples were collected from 338 primiparous Czech Fleckvieh cows at the same stage of lactation. The genotypes of individual cows for ${\kappa}-casein$ (alleles A, B, and E) and ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$ (alleles A and B) were ascertained by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, while their ${\beta}-casein$ (alleles $A^1$, $A^2$, $A^3$, and B) genotype was determined using melting curve genotyping analysis. The data collected were i) milk traits including active acidity (pH), titratable acidity (TA), alcohol stability (AS); calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) contents; and ii) yoghurt traits including active acidity (Y-pH), titratable acidity (Y-TA), and the counts of both Lactobacilli and Streptococci in 1 mL of yoghurt. A linear model was assumed with fixed effects of herd, year, and season of calving, an effect of the age of the cow at first calving and effects of the casein and lactoglobulin genotypes of ${\beta}-CN$ (${\beta}-casein$, CSN2), ${\kappa}-CN$ (${\kappa}-casein$, CSN3), and ${\beta}-LG$ (${\beta}-lactoglobulin$, LGB), or the three-way interaction between those genes. Results: The genetic polymorphisms were related to the milk TA, AS, content of P and Ca, Y-pH and Lactobacilli number in the fresh yoghurt. The CSN3 genotype was significantly associated with milk AS (p<0.05). The effect of the composite CSN2-CSN3-LGB genotype on the investigated traits mostly reflected the effects of the individual genes. It significantly influenced TA (p<0.01), Y-pH (p<0.05) and the log of the Lactobacilli count (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the yoghurt fermentation test together with milk proteins genotyping could contribute to milk quality control and highlight new perspectives in dairy cattle selection.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to find the electrical properties of Bottom ash from thermoelectric power plants in Korea. By using Parallel Plate Method, the electrical resistivity and dielectric constant were measured at the frequency from 20 Hz to 10 MHz. Also, unconfined strength test, XRF and sieve analysis were performed for finding the relationship between strength, physiochemical properties and electrical properties. In the result, the change of electrical resistivity and dielectric constant of bottom ash against frequency was similar to that of general soil. The proportion of fine grain in bottom ash had the positive correlation with dielectric constant and negative correlation with electrical resistivity. Chloride and sulfur trioxide were proportional to dielectric constant and the more bottom ash had chloride content, the lower electrical resistivity appeared in bottom ash. Unconfined strength of bottom ashes had a range from 200 kPa to 780 kPa and strength was inverse proportional to electrical resistivity.