• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.106-117
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• 1998

The pain is common among individuals with physical disabilities. It can interfere with therapy since patients with pain can become uncooperative and reluctant to move. This paper reviews the natural physiological mechanisms that can reduce pain perception, and considers physiological mechanisms which contribute to clinical pain by describing how the pain system changes its sensitivity depending upon the body's needs. The peripheral and central mechanisms contributing to sensitised nociceptive system are described with reference to the symptoms of clinical pain such as hyperalgesia, allodynia sopntaneous 'on-going'-projected and referred pain. It is suggested that in some chronic pain the nociceptive system maintains a state of sensitivity despite the absence of on-going tissue damage and under such circumstances the nociceptive system itself may have become dysfunctional. Such situations are often initiated by damage to nervous tissue which results in changes in the activity and organization of neuronal circuits within the central nervous system. The ability of the nociceptive system to operate in a suppressed state is also discussed with reference to pain modulation. The physical therapist can help facilitate the activation of these mechanisms through a combination of noninvasive modalities, functional activities, and the therapeutic use of self.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

Antidepressants are frequently prescribed for a wide range of symptoms. Surveys in several countries have suggested that negative attitudes towards antidepressants are common. However, there has been limited research associated with the attitudes in Korea. Therefore, this quantitative descriptive study describing the perception and attitudes toward antidepressants was performed using healthy people and outpatients who are not taking antidepressants. The surveys by means of self-reporting questionnaires showed negative attitudes towards antidepressants (74.2%). But, 74.2% of above participants gave positive answers to take antidepressants when they are counseled by medical professionals. Higher rates of negative attitudes were found in younger age group ("it causes addiction") and healthy volunteers and urban area groups ("it causes physical harm"). Study participants without experiences in taking antidepressants showed more negative attitudes although the difference was not statistically significant. Based on the results, accurate and objective information about antidepressants needs to be provided by well-trained health professionals.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.63-86
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• 2009

본 연구는 장애노인의 장애특성이 개인적 차별인식에 미치는 영향에 관해 여가활동의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2005년도 장애인 실태조사 대상자 중 여가생활을 하는 65세 이상의 신체장애노인 1,241명을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장애특성과 개인적 차별인식의 관계에서 장애유형, 장애발생시점, IADL이 영향요인으로 검증되었다. 둘째, 장애특성과 여가유형과의 관계에서, 장애특성 중 IADL이 영향요인이었다. 셋째, 장애노인의 장애특성이 개인적 차별인식에 미치는 영향에 있어, 여가유형이 부분 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 차별인식 경감을 위해 여가활동에 대한 사회적 개입의 필요성에 대한 근거를 마련하고, 장애노인의 삶의 질 향상을 위해 여가라는 개인적 욕구와 차별이라는 사회적 이슈를 함께 고려하여 사회복지적 함의를 찾는다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the obesity index, body shape satisfaction and body shape esteem according to weight perception in elementary school students. Method: The data were collected by using a questionnaire and physical examination records. The subjects were comprised of 669 children, all 12-years old, obtained from five (5) different elementary schools located in Jechoen. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentages, Chi-square test, ANOVA using the SPSS program. Results: 12.5% of male students, 11.1% of female students perceived themselves obese. There were significant differences in obesity index according to weight perception in male students ($x^2$=140.47, p= .000), in female students ($x^2$=130.99, p= .000). The percentages corresponding to normal body weight were highest with students who thought themselves thin in male students and self-perceived normal in female students. But in female students, 23.3% of self-perceived thin students, 37.8% of students who thought themselves obese corresponded to normal body weight actually. There were significant differences in body shape satisfaction according to weight perception in male students($x^2$=140.47, p= .000), and in female students($x^2$=130.99, p= .000). The percentages of body shape satisfaction were highest with students who thought themselves normal in male students while and in female students, the students who thought themselves thin were highest. There were significant differences in body shape esteem according to weight perception for male students (F=17.67, p= .000), and in female students (F=13.95, p= .000). The mean scores of body shape esteem were highest with students who thought themselves normal in male students and thin in female students. The students who thought themselves obese were lowest. There were significant differences in weight perception according to father's body shape ($x^2$=13.72, p= .008) in male students and father's educational level ($x^2$=14.90, p= .021), mother's educational level ($x^2$=17.73, p= .007), mother's body shape ($x^2$=13.07, p= .011) in female students.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.341-351
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim this study was to identify the factors that influence the social adjustment of North Korean defectors. The participants were 156 North Korean defectors over 20 years old residing in G and C cites. Methods: The data were collected from August 1 to October 31, 2014, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program with one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple stepwise regression. Results: The general characteristics, such as family, health status, and job, had a significant influence on social adjustment. The level of depression and anxiety was less than moderate and the levels of self-esteem, hope, and social adjustment were moderate. The correlations among depression, anxiety, self-esteem, hope, and social adjustment were significant. These variables showed an explanation rate 28% and self-esteem (${\beta}=.17$), depression (${\beta}=-.15$), anxiety (${\beta}=-.15$), hope (${\beta}=.14$), job (temporary)(${\beta}=-.10$), health status (bad)(${\beta}=-.07$), job (no)(${\beta}=-.04$) were statistically significant among the variables that influenced social adjustment. Conclusion: A program of nursing intervention is needed to care for the mental and physical health problems as well as social education to reduce the negative perception of North Korean defectors.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2019

본 연구는 스포츠사상에 대한 주관성을 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 체육과 관련한 교사, 교수, 연구원, 행정가 그리고 대학생 및 대학원생 등 25명으로 하였다. 연구방법은 인간의 주관적 인식을 탐색할 수 있는 Q방법론을 활용하였다. 연구결과 4개의 유형이 탐색되었다. 제1유형은, '공정승패형'으로, 스포츠사상에 대해 승패, 공정판정, 각본 없는 드라마, 참가정신 등 스포츠경기와 관련한 진술문에 긍정적 인식을 나타냈다. 제2유형은 '체육철학형'으로, 스포츠 사상에 대해 스포츠철학, 심신일원론, 호연지기, 화랑도정신 그리고 스포츠논리학 등 스포츠철학과 관련한 진술문에 긍정적 인식을 나타냈다. 제3유형은 '소통활동형'으로, 스포츠사상에 대해 소통의 장, 사회활동, 배려 등 스포츠의 참여활동과 관련한 진술문에 긍정적 인식을 나타냈다. 제4유형은 '건강복지형'으로, 스포츠사상에 대해 복지, 노후보장, 레저, 오락(게임), 건강 등 생활체육과 관련한 진술문에 긍정적 반응을 나타냈다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.597-605
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity has increased in recent decades in Korea. This study was designed to examine differences in the eating habits, physical activity (PA), nutrition knowledge, and self-efficacy of children by obesity status. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were 5th-grade children from 70 elementary schools in 17 cities nationwide. Two-stage stratified cluster sampling was employed. Survey questionnaire included items related to general characteristics, eating habits, PA, nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy. Excluding incomplete responses, 3,531 data were analyzed using SPSS. Subjects were categorized into overweight obesity (OW) and normal weight (NW) groups based on body mass index percentiles for age by sex. RESULTS: A total of 21.5% of subjects was overweight or obese. There were significant differences in gender, perceived stress, perception of body shape, body satisfaction, and interest in weight control between the OW and NW groups (P < 0.001). With respect to eating habits, the OW group ate breakfast (P < 0.05) and snacks (P < 0.01) less frequently, ate bigger meals (P < 0.001), and demonstrated less desirable behaviors during meals (P < 0.05 in boys) compared to the NW group. The OW group participated in less PA than the NW group, especially boys. OW boys spent less time walking during weekdays (P < 0.05) or the weekend (P < 0.001), spent more time being sedentary during weekdays or the weekend (P < 0.001), and exercised a fewer number of days (P < 0.01). For girls, the OW group spent more time being sedentary during the weekend (P < 0.01) and exercised a fewer number of days by walking or bicycle riding (P < 0.05) than the NW group. Nutrition knowledge was not significantly different between the OW and NW groups. Self-efficacy (P < 0.01 in boys), especially PA self-efficacy (P < 0.01), was significantly lower in the OW than NW group. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed differences in eating habits, PA, and self-efficacy between OW and NW children. Obesity management programs for children need to focus on increasing self-efficacy, modifying eating habits, and increasing PA.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2006

Despite well-known benefits of physical activity for older adults, most older adults remain significantly underactive. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an inclusive, choice-based physical activity promotion program to increase lifetime physical activity levels of seniors on physical activity & health-related quality of life outcomes in older adults. The physical activity promotion program guided participants to choose activities that took into account their health, preferences, and abilities. It offered information on ways for them to exercise safely, motivate themselves, overcome barriers, and develop a balanced exercise regimen. A six-month comparison-group trial was conducted with older adults in community senior center. Changes in self-reported physical activity & health-related quality of life(SF-36) by group & within group were evaluated using t-test. Of 30 subjects, 22(73%) completed the trial. Subjects were aged 63 to 75 years(mean=$68.36{\pm}4.02$); 86% were female. The intervention group increased estimated caloric expenditure by 1975 calories/week in moderate intensity activities(MET${\geq}3.0$; p=.008), and by 2312 calories/week in physical activities of any intensity(p=.005). Between-group analyses showed that the changes were significantly different in both measures(p=0.17; p=032). The intervention group also significantly better scores on general health perception(p=.031) & vitality(p=.002). Individually tailored programs to encourage lifestyle changes in seniors may be effective and applicable to health care and community settings.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.262-269
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 의학전문대학원생들의 '행복한 의사'에 대한 개념 인식 구조와 임상실습을 경험하기 전과 후의 인식 구조 차이를 비교 분석하여 의학교육의 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 연구대상은 의학전문대학원에 재학 중인 1~4학년 학생이었고, 개방형 설문지를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 임상실습 교육과정 전과 후에는 학생들이 공유하는 행복한 의사에 대한 개념에 차이가 나타났다. 임상실습 경험 전과 후에는 환자, 치료, 보람과 같은 단어들을 포함하는 '전문성'에 대한 하위그룹이 공통적으로 나타났다. 그러나 임상실습 경험 전에는 '개인적인 삶의 질' 그룹과 '자아실현' 그룹이 나타났다. 반면 임상실습 경험 후에는 '전문성' 그룹과 함께 '가족과의 시간' 그룹, '일과 가정생활의 균형' 그룹, '대인관계' 그룹, '신체적 정신적 건강' 그룹이 나타났다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 기본의학교육에서 행복한 의사에 대한 교육과정을 개발하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.701-708
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated Korean women in between age 30 to 60 who were obese or overweight in order to explore their self-perception based on lifetime phase. Methods: Focus group interviews were performed four times with six to eight participants in each group (a total of 27). Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: The data analysis from the interviews revealed recurring common themes: heavy heart, heavy body, resigned acceptance of their own condition, and compromise. The study also found that each age group had different concerns: concerning others' gaze on their obese appearances (30s), realizing their aging obese appearances (40s), recognizing red flags of their health with obesity (50s), and becoming ambivalent about their obese appearances (60s). Overall, their perceptions of being overweight were negative and stressful. Women in their 30s and 40s were more interested in their appearances, and thus were more obsessive about weight gain. In contrast, women in their 50s and 60s were more accepting of their physical appearances, and thus were more concerned about living healthy than losing weight. Conclusion: These results may be useful to consider when developing tailored weight-control programs for obese and overweight Korean women. Additionally, strategic approaches for successful and effective programs targeting healthy weight should be based on better understanding about women's self-perceptions and motivations.