• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1068-1076
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• 2020

Objective: In the present study, we determined efficiency of incorporating caffeine, melatonin or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diluent on mitigating consequences of (a) liquid chilled- and (b) cryo-storage of ram spermatozoa. Methods: In the first experiment, ejaculates (n = 30) were collected from 5 adult rams and were pooled, diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric acid (base diluent) and were split into 4 aliquots assigned for: control (untreated), caffeine (0.1 mM), melatonin (0.3 mM) or omega-3 fatty acids (0.3 mM) (T₀). The diluted specimens were stored at 4℃ for 48 h, during which sperm physical and cytological properties were evaluated along with oxidative stress indices (T₂₄, T₄₈). In the second experiment, 15 ejaculates (3 per male) were pooled, diluted with glycerolized base diluent (4% glycerol, v/v) and were split corresponding to the same previous treatment groups before being processed for cryopreservation. Post-thaw physical and kinematic sperm properties were assessed by a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Results: The results clarified superiority of both melatonin and omega-3 supplementation on maintaining (p<0.05) sperm properties, while reducing (p<0.05) lipid peroxidase reaction and enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in preservation medium, compared to caffeine either during liquid-chilled storage or cryopreservation of spermatozoa. Conclusion: Melatonin and omega-3 are regarded efficient alternatives to caffeine when processing ram spermatozoa for application of artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

퇴적암의 풍화특성을 파악하기 위해서는 풍화과정을 지배하는 암석의 광물조성과 화학성분에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 풍화정도에 따른 퇴적암의 특성을 고찰하기 위해서 대구지역에 분포하고 있는 퇴적암을 채취하여 화학 및 광물성분 분석과 물리 및 역학특성 시험을 실시하였다. 화학적풍화지수와 감열감량, 흡수율과 일축압축강도, 풍화지수와 일축압축강도가 좋은 상관관계를 나타내었으며 모암에 함유된 $A_2O_3$, CaO, $Na_2O$, $K_2O$, MgO 등의 화학성분과 조장석(Albite, Ab), 백운모(Muscovite, Ms), 마그네타이트(Magenetite, Mt)등의 광물성분이 풍화와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 이 시험결과를 토대로 하여 퇴적암에 적용할 수 있는 정량적인 풍화도판정법의 적용성을 제시하자고 하였다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

Objectives In pediatrics of Korean Medicine, it is crucial to evaluate the overall symptoms of children, especially in the children who have serious troubles in their life. In the era when diagnosis in Korean Medicine is quite suitable to evaluate multiple allergic diseases, and when growing numbers are in needs, development of an objective measurement scale for diagnosis of allergic disease in Korean Medicine became essential. Therefore, in the study, pediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PADQLQ) was translated into Korean version with validations on some aspects. Methods In this study, we translated and validated the PADQLQ and established psychometric evidence on its utility in Korean children with similar problems. 71 children, age of 6 ~ 18 with allergic disease has participated. Results The internal consistency reliability of the PADQLQ by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.94. In three domains (Practical, Physical, Emotional), the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.77, 0.90 and 0.69. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between PADQLQ total score and VAS was 0.75 (p<0.001). And, Structural validity was evaluated by the ANOVA test. QoL differences of the four groups in the three domains (practical, physical, emotional) were significant. The item discriminative indices were ranged from 0.1651 to 0.8188. Conclusions Korean version PADQLQ is highly reliable and valid for children with allergic diseases. This is significant to assess the relative seriousness of the allergic diseases and to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments in Korean Medicine.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to explain the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) gap between the poorest and the wealthiest quintiles in the capitals of Kermanshah and Kurdistan Provinces (Kermanshah and Sanandaj), in western Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1772 adults. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status (SES), lifestyle factors, body mass index, and HRQoL of participants were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The slope and relative indices of inequality (SII and RII, respectively) were employed to examine socioeconomic inequality in poor HRQoL. Blinder-Oaxaca (BO) decomposition was used to quantify the contribution of explanatory variables to the gap in the prevalence of poor HRQoL between the wealthiest and the poorest groups. Results: The overall crude and age-adjusted prevalence of poor HRQoL among adults was 32.0 and 41.8%, respectively. The SII and RII indicated that poor HRQoL was mainly concentrated among individuals with lower SES. The absolute difference (%) in the prevalence of poor HRQoL between the highest and lowest SES groups was 28.4. The BO results indicated that 49.9% of the difference was explained by different distributions of age, smoking behavior, physical inactivity, chronic health conditions, and obesity between the highest and lowest SES groups, while the remaining half of the gap was explained by the response effect. Conclusions: We observed a pro-rich distribution of poor HRQoL among adults in the capitals of Kermanshah and Kurdistan Provinces. Policies and strategies aimed at preventing and reducing smoking, physical inactivity, chronic health conditions, and obesity among the poor may reduce the gap in poor HRQoL between the highest and lowest SES groups in Iran.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 육색에 따른 돈육의 육질특성을 파악하기 위하여 육색특성중 대표적인 Hunter L 값을 기준으로 설정하여 육의 이화학적 특성 및 관능특성을 분석하였다. 도축후 3, 5, 10, 15시간에 측정한 도체온도와 도축후 15시간까지의 온도 저하율은 Hunter L 값의 증가에 따라 유의적으로 낮았으며(p<0.05), 도축 직후와 24시간에 측정한 pH의 경우에도 명도가 증가할수록 유의적으로 낮았다. 물리적 특성에서 전단력은 L 값의 세 범위간에 유의성이 인정되지 않았으나, 보수성은 명도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 조리감량에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었지만, 드립의 경우 명도가 높을수록 드립량이 증가되었다. 육색의 경우 CIE L*, a*, b*와 chroma, Hue 및 ΔE값은 육색명도가 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 다른 육에 비해 육색명도(Hunter L) 값이 높은 육은 사후 온도가 높고, pH와 보수성이 낮으며, 드립이 많이 발생하여 소비측면에서 보면, 좋지 못한 외관으로 소비자가 구입을 기피할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 관능적 특성에 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않아 보다 폭넓은 연구가 이루어져야 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program using dietary consult and physical exercise conducted by public health center in Chuncheon city for obese adults. This study used a pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 58 out of 90 obese adults with body mass index (BMI) greater than $25kg/m^2$ who completed all education sessions for 8 weeks. Data on dietary habits, dietary behaviors, nutritional knowledge, anthropometric parameters and biochemical indices and daily nutrient intakes assessed by a 24-hour recall were collected before and after the intervention program., in order to evaluate program effectiveness. After the intervention, there were positive changes in exercise status and dietary habits and nutrition knowledge accuracy. Especially, the answer of 'I drink a cup of milk every day' were significantly improved (p<0.001), and the answer of 'I don't overeat', which is a dietary attitude question was significantly improved (p<0.05). Dietary intakes of most of nutrients were not significantly different between pre-test and post-test. But calcium (p<0.05), potassium (p<0.05), vitamin A (p<0.01), vitamin E (p<0.05), and folic acid (p<0.05) were significantly increased in the female group after the intervention. Weight (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.01), blood pressure (p<0.001), were significantly decreased after program, but changes of skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass were not significant. Resting heart rate (p<0.01), flexibility (p<0.001), whole body reaction (p<0.05), grip strength (p<0.01) and balance (p<0.01) showed positive changes after the intervention. Blood glucose level in serum was significantly decreased (p<0.001). These results indicated that dietary education and exercise program was effective not only for weight reduction but also for the improvement of physical fitness in obese adults.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.960-975
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• 1997

This study was carried out to evaluate the iron nutrition status of 212 middle school students(106 males and 106 females) residing in Seoul(13-14 years old ) using eating patterns and a measurement of anthropometrical determination and hematological indices. Fasting blood samples were taken from all subjects, serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) concentrations were measured, and transferrin saturation(TS) levels were calculated. Iron and other nutrient intakes were estimated by a semi-quantitative frequency questionnaire. The level of TS(%) which was calculated with TIBC and SI in females(20.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/dl) was significantly lower(p<0.050 than that of males (27.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎗). The prevalence of iron deficiency was found to be 36.7% when defined by TS(%) (<05%). Mean daily intake of total iron in the study subjects was 14mg and heme iron intake was 5.4mg(38.1%) . There was a significant negative correlation between the level of SI and the income level and a positive correlation with the level of TIBC and the income level. TIBC had a positive correlation with the anthropometric variables(Ht, Wt, BMI, RI and PIBW). SI and TS had a negative correlation with body fat percentage. There was a positive correlation between energy intake and TIBC only among females. The logistic regression analysis revealed that income level, body fat percentage , weight and energy intake were major determinants of low SI levels. Among the determinants of abnormal TIBC levels were weight , height, income level and energy intake. Finally , among those of low TS% were iron and energy intake and income level. These observations suggest that physical status, body fat percentage energy and iron intakes and income level are risk factors for iron-deficiency anemia among the middle school students in Seoul.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.587-601
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• 1993

In the order to grasp their physical characteristics stemming from activity amount, this paper has divided elderly women into the following group ; those with high activity in the past, those with low activity in the present, those with high activity in the present and those with low activity in the present. The analyses of the body measurements and the pie chart, and the classification of back shapes by taking photographs have led to the following results. 1. The items of depth and girth among the body measurements were significant in the past and the present activity. Those with high activity in the past had smaller sizes in depth and girth than those with low activity. 2. From the pie chart, it was shown that those with high activity in the past had smaller sizes in every index as well as in girth than those with low activity in the past. Both those with low activity in the present and those with medium activity in the present had somewhat large sizes in waist girth, bust girth, hip girth and abdominal girth and in the indices of these items. 3. The classification of back shapes by taking photograpes has shown that those with high activity in the past had the less bent body type-42 percent of Type A and 6.5 percent of Type D. Among those with medium activity in the present, Type A was most outstanding and Type C and Type D were less, This fact shows that those with medium activity in the present keep the most normal body type. This proves that the medium activity of elderly women is desirable for keeping the normal body type.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.602-606
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 norbornene dialkyl ester 8종을 PVC에 적용하여 물리적 물성의 변화를 관찰하였다. PVC 시편은 PVC와 norbornene dialkyl ester, 안정제 등을 배합하여 제작하였고, 경도, 인장강도, 신율, 인열강도, 투과도, 투명도, 황변지수를 측정하여 DOP를 적용한 경우와 비교하였다. 경도는 dicyclohexyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylate (DCHN)를 제외한 화합물 7종이 DOP와 동등 이상의 값을 나타내었다. DCHN을 적용한 경우 경도가 매우 높아 인장 특성 및 인열강도를 분석하지 못하였다. 인장 특성은 diisononyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylate (DINN)을 제외한 6종의 화합물이 인장강도와 신율이 모두 개선되는 결과를 나타내었다. 인열강도와 투과도는 측정된 모든 화합물이 DOP를 적용한 경우와 동등 이상의 물성을 보였으며, 투명도는 DDN을 제외한 다른 norbornene 유도체들은 양호한 상태를 나타내었다. 황변지수에서는 DPN과 DON이 DOP와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.114-118
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• 2001

The present study was undertaken to investigate whether or not the hepatoprotective activity of acetylbergenin was superior to bergenin in carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-intoxicated rat. Acetylbergenin was synthesized by acetylating bergenin, which was isolated from Mallotus japonicus. The hepatoprotective effects of acetylbergenin were examined against $CCl_4$-induced liver damage in rats by means of serum and liver biochemical Indices. Acetylbergenin was administered orally once daily for 7 successive days, then a 0.5 ${m/kg}$ mixture of $CCl_4$in olive oil (1:1) was intraperitoneally injected at 12 h and 36 h after the final administration of acetylbergenin. Pretreatment with acetylbergenin reduced the elevated serum enzymatic activities of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and $\gamma$-glutamyltransferase in a dose dependent fashion. Acetylbergenin also prevented the elevation of hepatic malondialdehyde formation and depletion of glutathione content dose dependently in $CCl_4$-intoxicates rats. In addition, the decreased activities of glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase were restored to almost normal levels. The results of this study strongly suggest that acetylbergenin n has potent hepatoprotective activity against $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage in rats by glutathione-mediated detoxification as well as having free radical scavenging activity. In addition, acetylbergenin doses of 50 ${mg/kg}$showed almost the same levels of hepatoprotection activity as 100 ${mg/kg}$ of bergenin, indicating that lipophilic acetylbergenin is more active against the antihepatotoxic effects of $CCl_4$ than those of the much less lipophilic bergenin.