Korean journal of food and cookery science (한국식품조리과학회지)

Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science (한국식품조리과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dietary Education and Exercise Program on Obese Adults in Chuncheon Area

춘천지역 일부 비만인 성인대상 식생활교육과 운동중재 프로그램의 효과평가

  • Won, Sun-Im (Department of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Chungwoon University) ;
  • Yoo, Young-Ju (Chuncheon Public Health Center)
  • Received : 2016.02.02
  • Accepted : 2016.02.23
  • Published : 2016.02.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program using dietary consult and physical exercise conducted by public health center in Chuncheon city for obese adults. This study used a pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 58 out of 90 obese adults with body mass index (BMI) greater than $25kg/m^2$ who completed all education sessions for 8 weeks. Data on dietary habits, dietary behaviors, nutritional knowledge, anthropometric parameters and biochemical indices and daily nutrient intakes assessed by a 24-hour recall were collected before and after the intervention program., in order to evaluate program effectiveness. After the intervention, there were positive changes in exercise status and dietary habits and nutrition knowledge accuracy. Especially, the answer of 'I drink a cup of milk every day' were significantly improved (p<0.001), and the answer of 'I don't overeat', which is a dietary attitude question was significantly improved (p<0.05). Dietary intakes of most of nutrients were not significantly different between pre-test and post-test. But calcium (p<0.05), potassium (p<0.05), vitamin A (p<0.01), vitamin E (p<0.05), and folic acid (p<0.05) were significantly increased in the female group after the intervention. Weight (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.01), blood pressure (p<0.001), were significantly decreased after program, but changes of skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass were not significant. Resting heart rate (p<0.01), flexibility (p<0.001), whole body reaction (p<0.05), grip strength (p<0.01) and balance (p<0.01) showed positive changes after the intervention. Blood glucose level in serum was significantly decreased (p<0.001). These results indicated that dietary education and exercise program was effective not only for weight reduction but also for the improvement of physical fitness in obese adults.

Keywords

References

  1. Alderman MH. 2004. Dietary sodium and cardiovascular health in hypertensive patients: The case against universal sodium restriction. J Am Soc Nephrol 15(Suppl 1):S47-50 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASN.0000093236.74397.F3
  2. Colak R, Ozcelik O. 2004. Effects of short-period exercise training and orlistat therapy on body composition and maximal power production capacity in obese patients. Physiol Res 53(1):53-60
  3. Dugdale AE, Chandler D, Baghurst K. 1979. Knowledge and belief in nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 32(2):441-445 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/32.2.441
  4. Duncan CS, Blimkie CJ, Cowell CT, Burke ST, Briody JN, Howman-Giles R. 2002. Bone mineral density in adolescent female athletes: Relationship to exercise type and muscle strength. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34(2):286-294 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200202000-00017
  5. Han HJ. 2004. The effects of 12 weeks endurance exercise training on carries in blood. Exercise Sci 13(1):15-24
  6. Jee SH, Appel LJ, Suh IL, Whelton PK, Kim IS. 1988. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in South Korean adults: Results from the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC) study. Ann Epidemiol 8(1):14-21 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1047-2797(97)00131-2
  7. Jeon SM, Kim KS, Kim SM. 2005. Effect of nutrition counseling in hypertension patients. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 15(6):717-727
  8. Jin YS, Kim YK. 2000. Measurement and practice for physiological parameters of exercise. J Rheumatol Health 7(1): 198-204
  9. Jorm AF, Korten AE, Christensen H, Jacomb PA, Rodgers B, Parslow RA. 2003. Association of obesity with anxiety, depression and emotional well-being, a community survey. Aust N Z J Public Health 27(4):434-440 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2003.tb00423.x
  10. Kang JH, Jeong BG, Cho YG, Song HR, Kim KA. 2010. Medical expenditure attributable to overweight and obesity in adults with hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia: Evidence from Korea national health and nutrition examination survey data and Korea national health corporation data. J Agric Med Community Health 35(1):77-88 https://doi.org/10.5393/JAMCH.2010.35.1.077
  11. Kang MH, Song EJ, Lee MS, Park OJ. 1992. Effect of nutrition education program on nutrition behavior of housewives in a low-income urban area. Korean J Nutr 25(2):162-178
  12. Kim MY, Han SY, Jung JH, Kim SH, Lee JK, Park ES, Zhang SH, Seo JS. 2009. Effectiveness of nutrition-exercise education program on weight control of adult women. Korean J Community Nutr 14(2):168-174
  13. Kim WY. 1984. Nutrition knowledge and food habits of college students. Korean J Nutr 17(3):178-184
  14. Kopelman PG. 2000. Obesity as medical problem. Nature 404: 635-643 https://doi.org/10.1038/35007508
  15. Korea Center Disease Control and Prevention, Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare. 2013. Korea Health Statistics 2013: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-1). Korea Centers for Disese Control and Prevention, Cheong-ju, Korea. pp 367-368
  16. Korean Nutrition Society. 2005. Dietary reference intakes for Koreans, Gukjin-Gihoek, Seoul, Korea. pp 331-332
  17. Korean Society of Community Nutrition. 2000. Questionnaires of dietary life. Korean Society of Community Nutrition, Seoul, Korea. pp 143-156
  18. Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis. 2009. Guidelines for management of dyslipidemia. Committee for establishing treatment instruction for dyslipidemia of the Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis (2nd ed), Seoul, Korea. pp 39-47
  19. Ledikwe JH, Rolls BJ, Smiciklas-Wright H , Mitchell DC, Ard JD, Champagne C, Karanja N, Lin PH, Stevens VJ, Appel LJ. 2007. Reductions in dietary energy density are associated with weight loss in overweight and obese participants in the PREMIER trial. Am J Clin Nutr 85(5):1212-1221 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/85.5.1212
  20. Lee CA, Lee JA, Jeon JY. 2013. The relationship between resting heart rate and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Korean J Obes 22(4):222-230 https://doi.org/10.7570/kjo.2013.22.4.222
  21. Lee HK. 1992. Obesity and its associated diseases. Korean J Obes 1(1):34-39
  22. Lee JH. 1998. The development & practice of nutrition counselling materials at health diagnosis center. Master's thesis. Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea. pp 82-90
  23. Lee JS, Park JS, Lee GH, Ko YS, Kim EK. 2008. Effect of body composition, serum lipid level and resting metabolic rate by nutritional education and exercise program in middle aged women. J Korean Diet Assoc 14(1):64-76
  24. Lee SK, Kim GM, Mun YS, Lee HR. 1994. Comparative effects of overweight on serum lipid propile in younger versus older men. J Korean Acad Fam Med 15(8):511-524
  25. Lee SM, Chung HK, Kang JH, Yoon YW, Kim HS 2004. Effects of modified DASH diet education program on Korean middle-aged and elderly cardiovascular disease patients. Korean J Clin Geriatr 5(2):199-207
  26. Ministry of Health and Welfare Affairs & Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013. Korea Health Statistics 2013: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-1). Korea Centers for Disese Control and Prevention, Cheong-ju, Korea. p 50
  27. Muntzel M, Drueke T. 1992. A comprehensive review of the salt and blood pressure relationship. Am J Hypertens 5(4S):S1-42 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/5.4S.1S
  28. Nakanishi N, Okamota M, Makino K, Suzuki K, Tatara K. 2002. Distribution and cardiovascular risk correlates of serum triglycerides in young Japanese adults. Ind Health 40(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.40.28
  29. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2006. DASH eating plan. NIH Publication, Bethesda, MD, USA. pp 5-23
  30. Park EJ. 2007. Development of nutritional education program based on the analysis of dietary habit and nutrition knowledge in the middle school students in Seoul. Master's thesis. Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. pp 32-35
  31. Park SJ, Park YJ. 2001. A study on concern about weight control, nutrition knowledge, eating behavior and nutrients intake according to weight control attempt among high school girls in Seoul. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 11(5):356-367
  32. Park SM, Han DS, Kim DW, Ly SY. 2004. The effects of low calorie meal and weight control preparation on the reduction of body weight and visceral fat in obese females. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33(9):1492-1500 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.9.1492
  33. Park TS, Kim EK. 2006. The living nutrition of contemporain. Gyomoon Publishers, Seoul, Korea. pp 201-244
  34. Park YH, Rhee CS, Lee YC. 1993. Distribution patterns of serum lipids by degree of obesity and blood pressure in Korean adults. Korean J Lipidol 3(2):165-180
  35. Pescatello LS, Franklin BA, Fagard R, Farquhar WB, Kelley GA, Ray CA. 2004. American college of sports and medicine position stand. Exercise and hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36(3):533-553 https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000115224.88514.3A
  36. Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Harsha D, Obarzanek E, Conlin PR, Miller ER, Simons-Morton DG, Karanka N, Lin PH, Aickin M, Most-Windhauser MM, Moore TJ, Proschan MA, Cutler JA. 2001. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertention (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 344(1):3-10 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200101043440101
  37. Sun SK, Jung DC, Ko KJ, Kim JS, Lee HS, Gu MJ, Lee KG, Cho SH. 2006. Relativity of obesity indices and healthrelated physical fitness. Korea Sport Rese 17(5):309-318
  38. Varady KA, Lamarche B, Santosa S, Demonty I, Charest A, Jones PJ. 2006. Effect of weight loss resulting from a combined low-fat diet/exercise regimen on low-density lipoprotein particle size and distribution in obese women. Metab 55(10):1302-1307 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2006.05.014
  39. Welk GJ, Corbin CB, Dale D. 2000. Measurement issues in the assessment of physical activity in children. Res Q Exerc Sport 71(Suppl 2):S59-73 https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2000.11082788
  40. Whitmer RA, Gunderson EP, Barrett-Connor E. Quesenberry CP Jr, Yaffe K. 2005. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: A 27 year longitudinal population based study. BMJ 330:1360 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38446.466238.E0
  41. Williams PT, Krauss RM, Wood PD, Lindgren FT, Giotas C, Vranizan KM. 1986. Lipoprotein subfractions of runners and sedentary men. Metab 35(1):45-52 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(86)90094-6
  42. World Health Organization. 2002. The world health report 2002: Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. pp 7-10
  43. Yi KN, Kwon OH. 2000. Clinical pathology file. 3rd ed. UiHak MunHwaSa, Seoul, Korea. pp 14-62
  44. Yoon MS, Choi KS, Ko SK, Jeong SB. 2004. The body composition, blood components after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise in obese elementary children. Korea Sport Res 15:2707-2716