• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1279-1290
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• 2021

As vehicle technology has grown, autonomous driving that does not require driver intervention has developed. Accordingly, CAN security, an network of in-vehicles, has also become important. CAN shows vulnerabilities in hacking attacks, and machine learning-based IDS is introduced to detect these attacks. However, despite its high accuracy, machine learning showed vulnerability against adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a adversarial CAN frame generation method to avoid IDS by adding noise to feature and proceeding with feature selection and re-packet for physical attack of the vehicle. We check how well the adversarial CAN frame avoids IDS through experiments for each case that adversarial CAN frame generated by all feature modulation, modulation after feature selection, preprocessing after re-packet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.367-372
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• 2001

Feature restoration is that restore feature to 3D solid model using the feature information in STEP AP224. Feature is very important in CAPP, but feature information is defined very complicated in STEP AP224. This paper recommends the algorithm of extraction the feature information in physical STEP AP224file. This program import STEP AP224 file, parse the geometric and topological information, the tolerance data, and feature information line-by-line. After importation and parsing, store data into database. Feature restoration module analyze database including feature information, extract feature information, e.g. feature type, feature's parameter, etc., analyze the relationship and then restore feature to 3D solid model.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest a basis for exterior space improving in university campus in terms of upgrading the quality of university education environment by analysing user's cognition and physical feature about campus exterior space. For this, this study was survey six major university students in Busan city about perception of campus exterior space, and analyzes the user's cognition by using natural-language vocabulary analysis for qualitative approach. Next, this study analyzes the physical feature of campus exterior space by investigating user's intensive using spaces and preferred, non-preferred spaces in their universities, then propose the improved direction of campus exterior space by comparing the analyzed data of user's cognition and physical feature. A SPSS20 program is used for the data analysis and the sample sizes are 171 college students.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1599-1603
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• 2003

The physical feature, physiological character and behavior studies were conducted with fifteen newly collected gayals in Bandarban hill tract area of Bangladesh. Their morphology is different from domestic cattle. The range of pulse rate, body temperature and respiration rate were 47 to 75 per minute, 37.78 to $38.88^{\circ}C$ and 20 to 40 per minute, respectively. These physiological values vary with different age group and seasonal variation. In hematological feature, the average findings were RBC $7.01{\pm}0.52$ million/cu.mm, WBC $14.3{\pm}3.69$ thousand/cu.mm, hemoglobin concentration $9.81{\pm}2.25gm%$, PCV $35.86{\pm}3.68%$. In differential WBC count neutrophils $28.23{\pm}1.75%$, lymphocytes $62{\pm}2.05%$, monocytes $4.4{\pm}1.34%$, eosinophils $5{\pm}2.49%$ and basophils $0.4{\pm}0.51%$. In behavior study, the animal shows browsing nature on hill slopes. They are watchful in new environment, become excited and nervous with strangers. Heated female gayals response for mating with domestic bull.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2005

Korea has experienced serious changes during the last several decades of industrialization. Limited land resources and excessive rural-to-urban migration inevitably resulted high-rise apartment housing development. However, apartment housing couldn't follow up social change and residents' needs. Turning into the 21st century, there are great demands for the diversification of housing style and amenity of housing, which include enhancing community lift through proper collective environment. To solve these problems, cohousing has been introduced in Scandinavian countries. A primary goal of cohousing is the desire of residents to live in a socially supportive setting. People can do housework together and also can promote active mutual relationship among residents in the community. Physical feature of cohousing, in combination with social organization factors, may serve to enhance or support the sense of community sought by residents. In this point of view, the purpose of this study is to find out the physical feature of cohousing in Denmark and Sweden. First, it is to figure out the background and development of cohousing in Denmark and Sweden. Then, by making clear physical features between similarity and difference of two countries of cohousing through case study; such as housing type, the circulation patterns, common facilities and etc. This paper could suggest a possibility of application of cohousing in Korea to present how they encourage emphasize design aspects that increase the possibilities for social contacts and the sense of community. Also, it goes on to suggest that the educational program and the support from the government.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.139-155
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• 2021

We present an updated version of the multilayer spectral inversion (MLSI) recently proposed as a technique to infer the physical parameters of plasmas in the solar chromosphere from a strong absorption line. In the original MLSI, the absorption profile was constant over each layer of the chromosphere, whereas the source function was allowed to vary with optical depth. In our updated MLSI, the absorption profile is allowed to vary with optical depth in each layer and kept continuous at the interface of two adjacent layers. We also propose a new set of physical requirements for the parameters useful in the constrained model fitting. We apply this updated MLSI to two sets of Hα and Ca II line spectral data taken by the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) from a quiet region and an active region, respectively. We find that the new version of the MLSI satisfactorily fits most of the observed line profiles of various features, including a network feature, an internetwork feature, a mottle feature in a quiet region, and a plage feature, a superpenumbral fibril, an umbral feature, and a fast downflow feature in an active region. The MLSI can also yield physically reasonable estimates of hydrogen temperature and nonthermal speed as well as Doppler velocities at different atmospheric levels. We conclude that the MLSI is a very useful tool to analyze the Hα line and the Ca II 8542 line spectral daya, and will promote the investigation of physical processes occurring in the solar photosphere and chromosphere.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.263-276
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• 1992

The middle aged woman today have met discord of unbalance in gender role identity due to change in cultual situation and view of value of our country since 1960. Under the promise that there is a relationship between depression which is a psychological characteristic and gender role traits of middle aged woman, and in consideration that the depression of middle-aged woman may be differentiated depend upon the expressive manner of gender role, this research was trying to find out the relationship between the gender role traits and the depression of middle aged women. The purpose of his research is to provide data to be helpful for marital hygirne of middle-aged women by presenting a plan to reduce depression of middle-aged woman by the desirable gender role. In order for such studying purpose, the gender role, physical symptom and socio-demographic feature were researched using the scale which was by this researcher. The questionnaire sheets of 327 use form middle-aged woman of 39 years to 59 years old in full with their last child is 10 years or order. The summerized results of study are as follows. In consolidation of the foregoing it have known that the socio-economic position and recognition of physical symptom and the masculinity feature has shown less depression as she feels less physical symptom due to there is relationship between recondition of physical symptom and he masculity feature, and also, it has known that the depression of middle-aged women may be reduced when such extroversive and expressional gender role features are developed as 'aggressiveness and ' fraternity, and the depression may be prompted due to such introvert and easy to be impacted by grudge as 'impression'

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.121-126
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• 2006

Snap-fit is being used in manufacture of plastic products. Integral features using snap-fit are classified as locks, locators and enhancements. Locking features complete the process of attachment by providing physical interference to prevent separation. Looking feature pairs consist of two components, i.e., a flexible latch and a rigid catch and require particular care and attention for their selection. We can make several locking feature pairs by selecting latch and catch, but some parts restrict freedom of selection. Therefore, part designers must know the characteristic properties of generic locking feature forms as considering a specific design problem. In this paper, it has been presented about problem of small size products using locking feature and then introduced new locking feature applicable to small parts.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the pose of the camera using a rectangle feature utilized for the visual SLAM. A warped rectangle feature as a quadrilateral in the image by the perspective transformation is reconstructed by the Coupled Line Camera algorithm. In order to fully reconstruct a rectangle in the real world coordinate, the distance between the features and the camera is needed. The distance in the real world coordinate can be measured by using a stereo camera. Using properties of the line camera, the physical size of the rectangle feature can be induced from the distance. The correspondence between the quadrilateral in the image and the rectangle in the real world coordinate can restore the relative pose between the camera and the feature through obtaining the homography. In order to evaluate the performance, we analyzed the result of proposed method with its reference pose in Gazebo robot simulator.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.171-181
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• 2012

Outdoor mobile robots are faced with various terrain types having different characteristics. To run safely and carry out the mission, mobile robot should recognize terrain types, physical and geometric characteristics and so on. It is essential to control appropriate motion for each terrain characteristics. One way to determine the terrain types is to use non-contact sensor data such as vision and laser sensor. Another way is to use contact sensor data such as slope of body, vibration and current of motor that are reaction data from the ground to the tire. In this paper, we presented experimental results on terrain classification using contact sensor data. We made a mobile robot for collecting contact sensor data and collected data from four terrains we chose for experimental terrains. Through analysis of the collecting data, we suggested a new method of terrain feature extraction considering physical characteristics and confirmed that the proposed method can classify the four terrains that we chose for experimental terrains. We can also be confirmed that terrain feature extraction method using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) typically used in previous studies and the proposed method have similar classification performance through back propagation learning algorithm. However, both methods differ in the amount of data including terrain feature information. So we defined an index determined by the amount of terrain feature information and classification error rate. And the index can evaluate classification efficiency. We compared the results of each method through the index. The comparison showed that our method is more efficient than the existing method.