• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Purpose : This study aims to provide fundamental information for increasing a physical therapist's empowerment and suggesting effective ways to incorporate humor into the physical therapist's organizations by investigating a level of perceived sense of humor and empowerment, as well as examining the relationship between them. Method : This study was conducted in the country's 9 general hospitals, 11 rehabilitation hospitals, 20 clinics. The data of general characteristics, sense of humor, and empowerment were collected from 1 August 2012 to 25 August 2012. A total of 300 clinical instructors were distributed and collected. The call response rate was 94.7%(n=284). The collected data were analyzed by spss/pc + 12.0 Result : 1. The mean score of the physical therapist's sense of humor was $56.53{\pm}05.58$ out of 84 and each of the sub-dimensions were scored in order of emotional expressiveness, liking of humor and metamessage sensitivity. 2. The mean score of the physical therapist's empowerment was $56.67{\pm}12.72$ out of 84 and each of the sub-dimensions scored in order of meaning, competence, self-determination and impact. 3. There was no significant difference between the sense of humor and the empowerment(r=0.093, p=0.118). 4. There were no significant difference in sense of humor. 5. There were significant differences in the levels of the empowerment by sex, marriage, workers satisfaction, age, attainment in scholarship, workplace, and duration of work. Conclusion : Although there was no significant difference between the sense of humor and the empowerment. the sub-dimension of human preference was significant.

• Architectural research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2021

Reduction in competence makes older adults with dementia more sensitive to the influence of the physical environment. The aim of the longitudinal study was to examine whether residents with dementia in long-term facilities with variability in physical environmental characteristics in Vancouver (N= 11), Canada and Stockholm (N=13), Sweden had a difference in their quality of life (QoL). QoL was assessed using Dementia Care Mapping tool three times over one year for the reliability of data. The results of the study demonstrated that the residents with dementia living in a homelike and positive stimulating setting showed less withdrawn behaviors and a higher level of well-being compared to those in a large-scale institutional setting. This study also found that the residents living in a large-scale institutional environment spent more monotonous times than the other groups, which may be to provision of fewer structured activity programs or less social interaction with neighbors or staff members. Residents living in a large-scale institutional setting in Canada showed so far as five times more agitated/ distressed behaviors and twice more withdrawal compared to the ones living in a small-scale homelike setting in Sweden. The study supports that the large-scale institutional environment was considerably associated with levels of lower quality of life among the residents with dementia.

• 한국노년학
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.1013-1023
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• 2012

본 연구는 궁도참여 노인의 정신건강, 여가유능감이 궁도활동 참여를 통해 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해 2011년 6월부터 10월까지 전라도지역 궁도생활체육동호회 소속의 궁도장 및 궁도대회에 참여하는 노인들을 모집단으로 선정하여 연구목적을 설명한 후 편의표본추출법(convenience sampling)을 이용하여 총350부의 설문지를 배부하여 총328을 통계처리에 사용하였다. 측정도구는 여가유능감, 우울감, 자아존중감, 생활만족도 관련 문항은 선행연구에 사용한 설문지를 본 연구에 맞게 수정하여 사용하였다. 통계기법으로는 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 상관관계분석, 구조모형분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 노인의 자아존중감이 커질수록 궁도활동 참여도가 높아지며 이어 생활만족도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노인의 우울감이 낮을수록 궁도활동 참여도에 영향을 미치게 되며, 궁도활동 참여를 통해 생활만족도에 긍정적으로 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 노인의 여가유능감은 궁도활동으로 끌어내는 주요 요인으로 작용하지 않아 가설이 기각됐다. 노인의 자아존중감과 우울감은 정신건강에 따라 궁도활동 참여도를 끌어내는 요인이 되며 궁도참여를 통해 생활만족도가 커지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental data supporting facilitation of a formal health education performed by school nurses as health educators. To evaluate the teacher expertise of school nurses as health educators, this study analyzed the present status of health education and the recognition of self-confidence in teaching ability of school nurses. Self addressing questionnaire were mailed out to 340 secondary school nurses in Seoul and out of them 244 nurses (71.8%) responded to the survey. Analysis of the data was made using t-test and ANOVA in SAS program. The major results are as follows : 1. The total health instruction performance rate was 84.6% (204). Regular health instruction was carried out by 66 nurses and the rest of the 155 subjects gave irregular instruction on health education. 2. Regular health education classes was offered as a part of physical education class hour by 89.4% of the respondents whereas only 10.6% of them had formal health education classes. The survey showed that irregular health education classes were mainly held in physical education class hours (70.3%) and 14.8% had opportunities for additional classes on health education. 3. The average class for regular health education was 5 hours per week but for irregular health education classes were only one hour per semester (32.9%). 4. Among the 11 categories of health education, education on drug abuse and body structure and function and physical development occupied 95.6%, 69.6% respectably while physical training, family health, social health occupied 10.8%, 12.7%. 5. Health education was given much more at public schools (88.2%) than at private schools. 6. 232 (95.0%) school nurses agreed with the necessity of formalizing health education classes and 227 (93.1%) wanted to change their status from school nurses to formal health teachers. 7. There is a tendency to change the status from school nurse to formal health teacher, and the necessity of having a formal curriculum on health education while less recognized by the older and longer-careered nurses was more recognized by those nurses with higher education. 8. The lack of administrative support (79.5%), work burden (77.9%), and lack of teaching competency (22.1%) were the greatest problems. 9. Education on drug abuse was stressed the most whereas physical training was most neglected. 10. There is a tendency that older and longer-careered school nurses thought less positively of their status, and then 98 (81.1%) school nurses acknowledged themselves as professional teachers. 11. 176 (72.5%) school nurses agreed with the necessity of continuing education : health knowledge and teaching skills for formal health teachers. 12. 179 (73.8%) school nurses had a positive attitude and undergraduate preparation and the practice of professional health teachers. 13. The school nurses had self-confidence in their teaching competence, teaching strategies and knowledge in all 11 health education areas.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (K-PASE) from PASE and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the K-PASE. This scale was originally developed by Washburn et al. (1993). A valid and reliable physical activity scale for the elderly is needed to assess accurately physical activity of the elderly, because there has been no valid and reliable physical activity scale for the elderly in Korea. Methods: The K-PASE was developed from PASE through linguistic validation and cultural adaptation for use with this population. Convenient sampling was used to recruit participants. Reliability was evaluated by conducting the test-retest and convergent validity was evaluated by Pearson correlation. Results: Test-retest reliability, assessed over a 2 week interval, was r=.94. Convergent validity was established by correlating the KPASE scores between related variables which were the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) and hand-grip strength. Scores of the K-PASE had a low significant correlation with TMIG-IC (r=.246, p<.001), and hand-grip strength (r=.251, p<.001). The mean score of physical activity of Korean elderly assessed by the K-PASE was 96.5. Conclusion: We conclude that the K-PASE is a reliable and valid instrument to assess physical activity for Korean elderly.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.73-86
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• 1998

In this study, we compared how different the self-perception and the daily hassels between the Korean and American children. The subjects were 706 fifth and seventh grade students. Data were obtained by administrating a questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were self-perception profile for children scale(SPPC) and stress scale. 1. All the SPPC factors for Korean children was significantly lower than those for American children. The SPPC fators for American children didn't show any significant differences by grades. But for Korean children seventh graders showed significantly lower SPPC than fifth graders. 2. The most significant factor to predict the golbal self-worth was physical appearance for boys and girls. Self perception for physical appearance is more influential factor than scholastic competence to form the positive self-perception for both boys and girls. 3. The daily hassels for Korean children were significantly higher than those for American childredn. Also daily hassels for seventh graders were significantly higher than those for fifth graders. 4. Daily hassels global self worth correlated negatively. When the level of stress was increased, the global self-worth was decreased.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2003

The Internet affects all economic activities. Physical world business must either adopt new digital strategies, launch new digital business to complement their physical world models, or be forced to completely revise their strategies. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework that organizes the managerial decision-making process to assist managers in crafting and implementing e-business strategy. We applied the methodology to the case of KNK Educational Institute to explain the process. Core competence of KNK JUNIOR is researched according to our suggested methodology and activities and roles of KNK JUNIOR have been arranged.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to develop the Self-Esteem Inventory for Children in Korea. The 772 subjects were selected from 3rd-6th grades of elementory schools and the first and second grades of middle schools in Pusan. Statistics used for data analysis were Pearson's r, Cramer's V, X2, factor analysis, multi-regression, splithalf reliability, Cronbach's α. The major findings were that 1) eight factors(home self, personality self, academic self, teacher-related self, general self, physical-appearance self, peer-related self, physical-competence self) were extracted by factor analysis, multi-regression analysis conducted to reduce the iength of inventory have drawed 38 items for the Self-Esteem Inventory for Children in Korea. 2) the discriminant coefficients of the items (Cramer's V) ranged from 0.55 to 0.67. 3) the reliability coefficients of this inventory (Cronbach's α) ranged from 0.63 to 0.81. It was concluded that Self-Esteem Inventory for children is acceptable.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.541-551
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• 2016

본 연구는 중학생의 내현적 자기애와 역기능적 분노표현양식의 관계에서 자기역량지각의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경기도에 있는 중학교 1학년 413명을 대상으로 내현적 자기애, 자기역량지각, 분노표현양식을 측정하였고 SPSS 20.0을 이용해 자료를 분석하였다. 주요 결과로는 첫째, 내현적 자기애는 자기역량지각의 하위요인 모두와 부적상관을 보이고 역기능적 분노표현양식과는 정적상관을 보였다. 둘째, 내현적 자기애와 역기능적 분노표현양식 사이에서 역량지각의 하위요인인 신체외모와 품행역량 그리고 사회적 수용도와 운동역량이 부분매개효과를 나타냈다. 본 연구결과는 내면의 취약한 자기로 인해 자기애성향을 보일 수 있는 중학생의 특성을 이해하고 순기능의 분노표현으로 적응적인 생활을 위하는데 건강한 자기애 발현을 어떻게 도울 것인지에 대한 그 기초자료를 제공했다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2000

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of questionnaire according to item arrangement on patient satisfaction questionnaire. Methods : We developed the two types of questionnaire with different item arrangement. In the first type (A), questions were arranged according to medical service dimensions. Questions in the second type (B) were arranged according to medical process. Both questionnaires were composed of six dimensions: physical environments, process, competence, courtesy, information giving, understanding patients. Measurements were performed on a 5-score Likert scale. In an outpatients and inpatient survey, total 777 patients answered the type A (outpatients: 257, inpatients: 128) or Type B (outpatients: 257, inpatients: 135). In order to compare the internal consistency of two types. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to know which type of questionnaire explain more of the overall satisfaction. Results : In outpatient survey, type A questionnaire showed higher internal consistency than B except physical environments dimension. Also in inpatient survey, type A had higer internal consistency than B in four dimensions(process, competence, courtesy, understanding patients). In the results of multiple regression analysis, type A questionnaire ($R^2$=0.53) explained more of the variation in overall satisfaction then B questionnaire ($R^2$=0.43) in outpatient survey. In inpatient survey, type B questionnaire ($R^2$=0.40) explained, more of the variation in overall satisfaction than type A questionnaire ($R^2$=0.33).But the difference of R was not significant in inpatient survey. Conclusion : The results of this study support that type A questionnaire has higer reliability in assessment of consumer satisfaction than type B.