• Applied Microscopy
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• v.50
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• pp.12.1-12.11
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• 2020

Hot stage microscopy (HSM) is a thermal analysis technique that combines the best properties of thermal analysis and microscopy. HSM is rapidly gaining interest in pharmaceuticals as well as in other fields as a regular characterization technique. In pharmaceuticals HSM is used to support differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) observations and to detect small changes in the sample that may be missed by DSC and TGA during a thermal experiment. Study of various physical and chemical properties such sample morphology, crystalline nature, polymorphism, desolvation, miscibility, melting, solid state transitions and incompatibility between various pharmaceutical compounds can be carried out using HSM. HSM is also widely used to screen cocrystals, excipients and polymers for solid dispersions. With the advancements in research methodologies, it is now possible to use HSM in conjunction with other characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), DSC, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which may have additional benefits over traditional characterization techniques for rapid and comprehensive solid state characterization.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.241-244
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• 2011

A lectin from the hemolymph of purse crab, Philyra pisum, was found to have anti-proliferative activity on human lung cancer cells by our laboratory. In this study, P. pisum lectin (PPL) was molecularly characterized including molecular mass, amino acid sequences, amino acid composition, and the effects of metal ions, temperature, and pH on the activity. We found that PPL showed mitogenic activity on human lymphocytes and BALB/c mouse splenocytes. The mitogenic activity (maximum stimulation index, $SI=9.57{\pm}0.59$) of PPL on human lymphocytes was higher than that of a standard well-known plant mitogen, concanavalin A (maximum $SI=8.80{\pm}0.59$). The mitogenic activity mediated by PPL is required for optimum dosing, and higher or lower concentrations caused decreases in mitogenic response. PPL also induced mitogenic activity on mouse splenocytes, however, the maximum SI ($1.77{\pm}0.09$) on mouse splenocytes of PPL was lower than that ($2.14{\pm}0.15$) of concanavalin A. In conclusion, PPL is a metal ion-dependent monomer lectin with mitogenic activity, and could be used as a lymphocyte or splenocyte stimulator.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.976-985
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to investigate the usage of voice scripting for speech characterization. The ultimate goal of acting is for an actor to create one's character both in physical and vocal sense, and to present them on stage. Toward this goal, actors train themselves with various methods and techniques as well as character analysis. Most of their efforts are put into for better physical and vocal expression. The vocal characterization on stage is heavily governed by the proper speech based on the effective respiration and voice. This paper provides the way of how to use sound scoring for effective vocal characterization on stage.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.547-551
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• 2013

We recently reported a Philyra pisum lectin (PPL) that exerts mitogenic effects on human lymphocytes, and its molecular characterization. The present study provides a more detailed characterization of PPL based on the results from a monosaccharide analysis indicating that PPL is a glycoprotein, and circular dichroism spectra revealing its estimated ${\alpha}$-helix, ${\beta}$-sheet, ${\beta}$-turn, and random coil contents to be 14.0%, 39.6%, 15.8%, and 30.6%, respectively. These contents are quite similar to those of deglycosylated PPL, indicating that glycans do not affect its intact structure. The binding properties to different pathogen-associated molecular patterns were investigated with hemagglutination inhibition assays using lipoteichoic acid from Gram-positive bacteria, lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, and both mannan and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan from fungi. PPL binds to lipoteichoic acids and mannan, but not to lipopolysaccharides or ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan. PPL exerted no significant antiproliferative effects against human breast or bladder cancer cells. These results indicate that PPL is a glycoprotein with a lipoteichoic acid or mannan-binding specificity and which contains low and high proportions of ${\alpha}$-helix and ${\beta}$-structures, respectively. These properties are inherent to the innate immune system of P. pisum and indicate that PPL could be involved in signal transmission into Gram-positive bacteria or fungi.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2016

In the high-frequency characterizations of planar circuit components, measurement data may not be physical. It is mainly due to resonance effects concerned with discontinuities which are inevitable for a planar component characterization. In this paper, a novel accurate transmission line characterization method is presented that excludes the resonance effects based on measurement data reconfirmation. For the physically obvious data acquisition near the resonance frequencies of a transmission line, the additional lines with different line lengths are fabricated on the same substrate. The test transmission lines are characterized by using vector network analyzer (VNA) in 100 MHz to 26.5 GHz. It is shown that an accurate transmission line characterization can be achieved with the proposed measurement data reconfirmation technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1061-1062
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• 2006

This paper presents a new approach for analyzing the microstructure of $SiC_p$-reinforced aluminum matrix composites from digital images. Various samples of aluminum matrix composite were fabricated by hot pressing the powder mixtures with certain volume and size combinations of pure Al and SiC particles. Microstructures of the samples were analyzed by computer-based image processing methods. Since the conventional methods are not suitable for separating phases of such complex microstructures, some new algorithms have been developed for the improved recognition and characterization of the particles in the metal matrix composites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.605-608
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• 1999

We report investigations on a Pentacene thin film as a component for active layer of Organic thin film transistors. Pentacene film was deposited by Organic Molecular Beam Deposition(OMBD) and Al electrode was deposoted by vacuum evaporation. Electrical characterization of Pentacene films were measured by the three-terminal contact resistance methods, as the results contact resistance between pentacene films and the Aluminium electrode is 5.064G$\Omega$. The Al contact with the pentacene shows the bottom contact resistance. From the current-voltage characteristics, electrical conductivity of the Pentacene film is found as ~ 10$^{-4}$ /cm. physical characterization of pentacene films were measured by UV-spectrum and Cyclic-Voltammetry method.

• Current Applied Physics
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1261-1267
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• 2018

In this paper, an off-axis digital holographic microscopy compensated with self-hologram rotation is presented. The process is implemented via subtracting the unwrapped phase maps of the off-axis parabolic hologram and its rotation $180^{\circ}$ to eliminate the tilt induced by the angle between the spherical object wave O and the plane reference wave R. Merit of the proposed method is that it can be done without prior knowledge of physical parameters and hence can reconstruct a parabolic hologram of $1024{\times}768$ pixels within tens of milliseconds since it doesn't require a digital reference wave. The method is applied to characterize rough gold bumps and the obtained results were compared with those extracted from the conventional reconstruction method. The comparison showed that the proposed method can characterize rough surfaces with excellent contrast and in realtime. Merit of the proposed method is that it can be used for monitoring smaller biological cells and micro-fluidic devices.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.80
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• pp.1035-1041
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• 2022

Nondestructive nano-characterization methods were reviewed with respect to technical aspect and practicability. Micro-photoluminescence, cathodoluminscence and Raman spectroscopy with mapping modes were investigated as optical characterization tools, while electron backscatter diffraction and piezoresponse force microscopy were introduced as monitoring techniques for the crystallographic and electromechanical properties. Especially, the spatial resolution of the data acquisition and analysis was carefully inspected in the representative semiconducting nanomaterial systems. Some of efforts to overcome the limit of these characterizations were also taken into consideration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2006