• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.95-104
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• 2002

This study investigated effect to injure cerebrovascular accident patients who divided cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction of sex the distinct on as a result of body composition. cerebral infarction patients of cerebrovascular accidents were observed the higher ratio than cerebrovascular hemorrhage patients. Experimental group were sixteen subjects who had received. we used assessment instruments such as in body to assess body composition. The result were as follows; 1. Change in body composition according to the come of onset, there were not differenced significantly between two groups. 2. Change in body composition according to the sex, the soft lean mass were differenced significantly(p<.05). but the other variations were not differenced significantly between two groups. 3. Change in body composition according to the region of paralysis, the soft lean mass were differenced significantly(p<.05). but the other variations were not differenced significantly between two groups.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.188-200
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• 2014

The IPCC 5th Assessment Report (Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis) was accepted at the 36th Session of the IPCC on 26 September 2013 in Stockholm, Sweden. It consists of the full scientific and technical assessment undertaken by Working Group I. This comprehensive assessment of the physical aspects of climate change puts a focus on those elements that are relevant to understand past, document current, and project future of climate change. The assessment builds on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report and the recent Special Report on Managing the Risk of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. The assessment covers the current knowledge of various processes within, and interactions among, climate system components, which determine the sensitivity and response of the system to changes in forcing, and they quantify the link between the changes in atmospheric constituents, and hence radiative forcing, and the consequent detection and attribution of climate change. Projections of changes in all climate system components are based on model simulations forced by a new set of scenarios. The report also provides a comprehensive assessment of past and future sea level change in a dedicated chapter. The primary purpose of this Technical Summary is to provide the link between the complete assessment of the multiple lines of independent evidence presented in the main report and the highly condensed summary prepared as Policy makers Summary. The Technical Summary thus serves as a starting point for those readers who seek the full information on more specific topics covered by this assessment. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. Total radiative forcing is positive, and has led to an uptake of energy by the climate system. The largest contribution to total radiative forcing is caused by the increase in the atmospheric concentration of $CO_2$ since 1750. Human influence on the climate system is clear. This is evident from the increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing, observed warming, and understanding of the climate system. Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in all components of the climate system. Limiting climate change will require substantial and sustained reductions of greenhouse gas emissions. The in-depth review for past, present and future of climate change is carried out on the basis of the IPCC 5th Assessment Report.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1014-1024
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool for nutritional assessment, so that home care nurses can make early assessment of patients' nutritional status. Method: The study was done in two parts first a tool was developed to assess nutrition, and second the content validity and clinical validity of the categories and indices were verified. Result: The results of this study are summarized in two ways. First, the nutritional assessment tool was classified into 3 areas, physical measurement, nutritional survey and clinical survey, and into 11 categories with 22 indices. Second, when 5 of the 11 categories were positive, nutritional status was considered to be poor. Conclusion: By developing a clinically useful nutritional assessment tool for patients receiving home care, which was developed in this study, the quality of life for these patients will improve and contribution to the development of a more effective clinical home nursing practice will occur.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2016

Inclusive design is increasingly gaining attention, as some people find using products difficult after becoming physically impaired, despite daily use. However, making inclusive products is a challenge for designers or companies, as a lack of knowledge and tools stems their low involvement in it. Developing inclusive design tools is thus needed. This study developed criteria to assess upper extremity capabilities corresponding to specific daily activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 58 physiatrists and orthopedists. Non-parametric statistics were employed and medians were adopted as representative scores in the assessment criteria based on normality and reliability test results, non-normal data, and strong reliability of respondents in ranking. Consequently, an assessment tool was developed with 14 criteria (divided into range of motion and strength) and capability scores between 0 and 100, which discerned the moderately impaired from the severely disabled and fully capable. Since the doctors agreed to adopt the criteria but assign numeric values, especially for mild impairments, their capability assessment perception was likely influenced by dichotomy. To compensate for these deficits, qualitative or ergonomic approaches are considered simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.94-104
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• 2004

This study creates the LCP (Landscape Control Point) through the survey of spot sites for the quality of landscape assessment, which is based on an objective and departmentalized data base; the landscape assessment was achieved by production of weight value with the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique, selection of requisites for the landscape assessment with the IVERSON method and visual area analysis with GIS (Geographic Information System). Futhermore, validity of the landscape assessment was verified by analysis of the correlation between physical amount and aesthetic amount. The purpose of this study is to suggest the basic essential data for landscape assessment and landscape planning by the characteristics of landscape based on verification of the suggested landscape assessment methods. The results of this study are summarized below. 1. In the adaptation of landscape assessment using GIS, the landscape assessment points of LCP 18, 17 and 16, which have more visible elements such as hill area, mountain area, and forest and farm land, were indicated to be higher than the others. In contrast, the landscape assessment points of LCP 13, 6 and 10, which have less visible elements, were relatively lower than the others. 2. In the visible preference measuring method, LCP 4, 14, and 16 showed high points of landscape assessment with 3.46, 3.4, and 3.18 each. With the more natural environments such as hill area, mountain area, and forest and farm land, higher results were shown. In contrast, LCP 7, 1, and 9 showed low points of landscape assessment with 2.24, 2.36, and 2.53 each. 3. In this study, a coefficient of 0.746 was gained by the analysis of correlation between the points of landscape assessment method and the points of visual preference from a slide show. This has 99 percent of probability in statistical data. 4. In conclusion, with the demonstration of the correlation between the landscape assessment method based on the AHP technique and the aesthetic amount (preference proportion), the practical use of landscape assessment can be demonstrated by the suggested landscape assessment method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.487-494
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mechanical horseback riding training on trunk control, balance function in stroke patients. 15 stroke patients were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental(n=7) and control(n=8). All subjects received a routine physical therapy. The mechanical horseback riding training was for 30 min in the case of the EG subjects. This study was carried out approximately 8 weeks from March 4 to May 3. The assessment tools of this study involved the trunk control test, postural assessment scale for stroke, Berg balance scale and timed up and go test. The measurements were recorded before the intervention and after the intervention. In the cases of the EG subjects and CG subjects, the variables measured after the intervention significantly differed from trunk control test, postural assessment scale for stroke, Berg balance scale and timed up and go test before the intervention (p<.05). Also, there were significant differences in trunk control test, postural assessment scale for stroke, Berg balance scale and timed up and go test at post test between the 2 groups (p<.05). The findings indicate that mechanical horseback riding training exerts a positive effect on trunk control, balance function in stroke patients. Further studies are required to generalize the result of this study.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2020

Background: There are many situations where walking in an actual community needs to change direction along with walking on a straight path, and this situation needs to be reflected in assessing walking ability of the community. Therefore, in this study, we tried to determine whether the assessments can distinguish the level of walking in the community. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Fifty-two survivors with chronic stroke have participated in the study. According to the evaluation result of 10mWT, the subjects of 0.8m/s and above were classified as the group who could walk in the community (n=22), and the subjects of 0.4m/s~0.8m/s were classified into the group who could not walk in the community (n=30). Modified Rivermead Mobility Index, Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Berg Balance Scale, 10-meter Walk Test (10mWT) were used to evaluate the motor skills. Furthermore, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale was used to evaluate psychological factors, and Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), Figure-of-Eight Walk Test (F8WT), Four Square Step Test (FSST), Step Test (ST) were applied to evaluate dynamic balance and mobility. Results: As a result for distinguishing walking levels in the community, TUG was 14.25 seconds, F8WT was 13.34 seconds, FST was 19.43 seconds, and ST of affected side and non-affected side were 6.5 points and 7.5 points, respectively. TUG (AUC=0.923), F8WT (AUC=0.905), and FST (AUC=0.941) were highly accurate, but the ST of affected side and non-affected side (AUC=0.806, 0.705) showed the accuracy of the median degree, respectively. Conclusion: To distinguish walking levels in the community of survivors with chronic stroke, TUG and FSST have been found to be the best assessment tool, and in particular, FSST could be very valuable in clinical use as the most important assessment tool to distinguish walking levels in the community.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.13 no.3 s.33
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• pp.15-24
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• 2005

The Land Suitability Assessment(LSA) that was introduced to prevent the unplanned development was viewed from it has applied the same assessment factor on inland and island that has a many different spatial and physical properties, it have many problems. To study the efficient LSA in island that has an totally different spatial, local properties, assessment unit(AU) which the zone of life was considered and on this based, assessment factor was developed. In the AU, middle sized life zone was the best AU to present the regional land properties. In the distance analysis, distance analysis that considered sea was suggested and use it, we ran present the assessment method that was considered the access between islands.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.548-553
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• 2007

In general, cancer pain is neither fully recognized nor adequately treated. The inadequate pain control is due to failure of accurate assessment of cancer pain. This study was aimed to understand various characters of cancer pain and investigate available assessment scales which have been designed for, or frequently used with people with cancer pain. A total of 23 articles were selected from two different databases. The selected articles were analyzed according to three aspects of initial assessment, patient self-report and assessment of the outcomes of pain management. The characters of cancer pain is complex and includes physical, psychosocial, and spiritual dimension. Also, subjective pain can be classified into at least four specific factors, such as pain intensity, pain affect, pain relief, and pain quality. Based on various classification, the pain assessment scales can be divided into unidimensional or multidimensional. Among the more commonly used clinical tools are numeric rating scales, verbal rating scales, visual analog scales, and picture scales. Above all, in order to assess cancer pain objectively, the clinician must select appropriate assessment instruments which reflect pain definition and clinical purpose.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.184-190
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• 2014

Decommissioning process of nuclear facilities consist of a sequence of problem solving activities, because there may exist not only working environments contaminated by radiological exposure but also industrial hazards such as fire, explosions, toxic materials, and electrical and physical hazards. Therefore, not a few countries in the world have been trying to develop appropriate counter techniques in order to guarantee safety and efficiency of the process. In spite of that, there still exists neither domestic nor international standard. Unfortunately, however, there are few workers who experienced decommissioning operations a lot in the past. As a solution, it is quite necessary to utilize experts' opinions for risk assessment in decommissioning process. As for an individual hazard factor, risk assessment techniques are getting known to industrial workers with advance of safety technology, but the way how to integrate those results is not yet. This paper aimed to find out an appropriate technique to integrate individual risk assessment results from the viewpoint of experts. Thus, on one hand the whole risk assessment activity for decommissioning operations was modeled as a sequence of individual risk assessment steps which can be classified into two activities, decontamination and dismantling, and on the other, a risk assessment structure was introduced. The whole model was inferred with Fuzzy theory and techniques, and a numerical example was appended for comprehension.