• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.83-100
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• 1999

Modern technology has lessened the physical demand of every activities. Thus, physical inactivity has led to a rise in ‘Hypokinetic diseases’. The prefix, hypo, means lack of and kinetic refers to movement. Individuals who do not exercise regularly are at greater risk of developing hypokinetic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, musculoskeletal disease. Systematic exercise program defenses development of hypokinetic diseases. Exercise program bases on basic physical fitness test. The physical fitness evaluation is used to degree of Wellness of the individuals. It includes the evaluation of Health-Related Physical Fitness -musclular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition - and skill or sports related fitness -agility, balance, coordination, reaction time, speed. In present study, the authors investigated health-related physical fitness test result and questionnaire for 133 male and 71 female from Jannuary 16 to March 15, 1997. The purpose of this study is to observe relationship health related physical fitness and self-perceived health status. The results are as follows. 1. There were statistically significant differences in BMI, grip strength, back strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility between male and female subjects. Flexibility is higher in female than male subject, but Others are higher in male than female subjects. 2. There were statistically significant differences in grip strength, muscular endurance between 30s, 40s, and 50s group In both gender subjects, and In cardiorespiratoryendurance between the groups especially in Female subjects. 3. For male subjects, flexibilitywas measured lower in group who classified low level in self-perceived health status than group of others. Also, for female, subjects, Muscular endurance ＆ flexibility were measured. 4. It was shown that grip strength, back strength, and muscular endurance were significantly lower in group who have chronic diseases than normal group for Male subjects. But, For female subjects, all the component were statistically insignificant results between normal and disease group. 5. Both male and female subjects, there were Positive correlation among grip strength, back strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility but, negative correlation for age. Therefore, health-related physical fitness is very important component for Heath Promotion ＆ Wellness. Physical Fitness test is valuable test in health evaluation, health management and health promotion, so available for hospital, sports center, community health center, industrial field, school etc.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.538-548
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• 1995

Exercises are achievement oriented, the process is frequently perceived as hard and difficult Participants drop out from exercise programs in the middle of the training period. Dance movement, which is the deliberate and systematic use of movement, is enjoyable during the movement and provides opportunities for persons to express them-selves. Regular long term dance movement may in-duce a training effect with a decreased drop out rate. Dance movement could be one way to attain wellness, however, there have been few studies to evaluate both physiological and psychological aspects of dance movement. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dance movement training on body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, limb circumference and strength, stress response and subjective feelings. This quasi-experimental study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pre test -post test study. Ten healthy fe-male subjects, aged between 19 and 31 years volunteered for an eight week dance movement program. Ten healthy female subjects, between 19 and 21 years of age paticipated as controls. None of the subjects had performed regular physical activity for six months prior to the study. Dance movement was created with reference to Heber's movement guide. The Dance movement program consisted of approximately 30 minutes of dance, three days per week, for eight weeks. During each 30 minute work out, there were approximately 5 minutes of warm-up dancing, 20 minutes of conditioning dance and 5 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf, muscle strength of upper and lower limb, physical and psychological response to stress were measured prior to, and following the experimental treatment. Body weight was measured by digital weight scale(Kyung In Corp., Korea). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by sphygmomanometer, Resting heart rate was measured for one minute in a relaxed sitting position using the radial artery. Circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf was determined by tape measure. Muscle strength of the upper extremities was measured by a grip dynamometer (Takei Corp. No.1857, Japan) and that of the extremities was measured by the length of time the leg could be held at 45° Physical and psychological responses to stress were measured using the Symptoms of Stress (SOS)Scale. Paticipants in the dance movement were interviewed by the facilitator following the eight weeks, and their thematic responses about the dance movement were recorded. Following the eight week dance movement train-ing, body weight decreased significantly, circumference of mid thigh and mid calf increased. The length of time leg - raising could be held tended to increase following the dance movement training. Resting systolic and resting heart rate showed a tendency to decrease. Total mean score of stress response tended to de-crease, and mean score of habitual patterns, do-pression, anxiety / fear, anger and cognitive disorganization decreased remarkably following the eight week dance movement. Thematic responses about the dance movement were positive following the training.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of form and hardness of outsoles on the motion of the lower extremity joints and on foot pressure during gait. The subjects were 15 women(mean age, $48.5{\pm}2.4$ years), who had no serious musculoskeletal, coordination, balance or joint/ligament problems within 1 year prior to the study. The pelvic tilt, joint angles at the lower extremities and the vertical ground reaction force(GRF) were compared during gait with 3 types of shoes (A, B, C) by using one-way repeated ANOVA(p<.05). During gait, the peak tilt angle and the range of motion(ROM) of the ankle and knee joints were found to be significantly different among the 3 types of shoes. The type C shoes showed a significantly lower mean second maximum vertical GRF than types A and B. The curved outsoles of type C shoes, which had a form and hardness different from those of A and B, was designed strategically for walking shoes to provide stability to the Additionally, type C induced the dispersion of eccentric pressure and made the center of pressure roll over to the center line of the foot.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 2003

The purpose: This study was to describe the spiritual nursing care experiences of nursing students who were in a university, Seoul, Korea. Method: This study is based on descriptive analysis of case studies that were submitted by nursing students. Nursing students were 64 person who were sophomores in a university of the year 2000, 2001. Results: 1. The problems that students report for their subjects were: Loss of self-confidence, body image complex, health status problems, maladaptability, economic problems of home, guilty feeling, problems with dating, loneliness, uncertainty of their future, faith problem, accountability, stress and apart from intimate friends. 2. The methods which students use to solve the subjects's problems were: prayer with subjects, use the Scripture, conversation, meet frequently, listening, frequent phone call, explore problem solving methods together, write letters or E-mails, present with books or music CD etc. 3. After the students have experienced spiritual nursing care they feel that: satisfaction, lack of knowledge of spiritual care, understanding the importance of spiritual nursing care make a new resolution for others, understanding the importance of listening, understanding the power of prayer, the need of Bible study. Conclusion: Maintaining spiritual wellness is a important as maintaining physical fitness and essential for optimal well being. Therefore educating nursing students in developing and maintaining spiritual wellness is essential for the patient to achieve holism.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.345-353
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare and biomechanical evaluate the effects of three varying functional insoles on the kinematics of the lower extremities and foot pressure distribution during gait. For this 12 subjects participated in this study and each worn the 3 functional insoles during gait which kinematics, kinetics, electromyography and foot pressures were recorded. The function on the first insole was to absorb shock and increase the dynamic stability, the second was a gel type to absorb shock, and the third was to massage the center regions of the foot sole. the results were as follows; the first insole reduced the joints range of motion and reduced muscular fatigue, the second insole reduce the maximum, total and average foot pressures. Finally, the third insole produced larger values for the contact times and contact area.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.462-472
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to describe the spiritual care experiences of student nurses after they have received 2 credits in a spiritual nursing care course at a university in Seoul, Korea. The major finding are as follow: 1 The problems that students reported for their patients were. loss of self- confidence, anxiety about outward appearance, anxiety about his(her) health and illness, maladaptability, guilt, problems with dating, uncertainty about his (her) future. 2. The methods which students used to help solve the patients' problems were: prayer with patients, use of Scripture, conversation, advice, frequent meetings listening, frequent phone call, writing letters, exploring problem solving methods together, and introduction of similar patients. 3. After the students had experienced spiritual nursing care they felt satis-faction, lack of knowledge of spiritual care, understood that spiritual nursing care courses at the university are important for education and experience, and understood the need for experience to increase sensitivity to the spiritual needs of their patients. Conclusion : Maintaining spiritual wellness is a important as maintaining physical fitness and essential for optimal well being. Therefore educating student nurses in developing and maintaining spiritual wellness is essential in order for them to help their patients achieve holism.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1940-1946
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• 2013

The Object of smart healthcare service is focused on preventive healthcare and wellness; It also aims for the user oriented active service. Recently, Smart healthcare using smart-phone can support various services like basal physical fitness, caloric intake, checking heartbeat and so on. However, it has not yet commercially viable service model because of incomplete personal health devices standardization. We designed and implemented Android smart healthcare Manager to support ISO/IEEE 11073 by Bluetooth HDP using oximetry System.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2019

Background: Mine workers in South Africa face challenges relating to poor health and safety, including fatigue risks, and poor socioeconomic and living conditions. Fatigue results in impaired mental and physical performance. The aim of this study was to assess contributors to fatigue of mine workers in South Africa. Methods: Data collection took place at four gold mines and one platinum mine in South Africa. A total of 21 focus groups were held with individuals in management, union representatives, and mine workers, and 564 questionnaires were completed by mine workers to gather information about fatigue and potential contributors to fatigue at these mines. Results: Qualitatively (through focus groups), fatigue was attributed to extended working hours, harsh working conditions, high workloads, production pressure, and resource constraints, along with aspects relating to demographic and socioeconomic factors, living conditions, lifestyle, health, and wellness. Greater fatigue was significantly associated with younger age, indebtedness, a lack of exercise, poor nutrition, less sleep, increased alcohol use, poor self-reported health, more sick leave, higher stress, and lower job satisfaction. Conclusion: The aim of the study was achieved; numerous work-, sociodemographic-, lifestyle-, and wellness-related factors were linked to fatigue in the participating mine workers. Contributors to fatigue should be addressed to improve health, safety, and sustainability in the industry.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mulligan taping on knee joints on balance ability and strength with repeated measurements. Methods: Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to the 8 taping group and the 9 repeat measurement group. To measure the balance ability, fall risk assessment equipment was used, and the measurement of the muscle strength was performed by using the equipment of the same company. Results: Balanced abilities and muscle strength were increased in groups with taping only after Mulligan taping. Conclusions: The application of mulligan taping did not have the effect of stimulating the inherent receptive sensation. However, active grouping of the knee joint taping only, and muscle strength and muscle strength were increased. It increases the stability and activity of the muscles that operate on the balance of the active knee joint and muscle strength, thereby enhancing exercise prevention and prevention performance and exercise performance.

• Architectural research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2016

People have experienced physical problems including vision problems with aging; some are normal and some are abnormal. When they have abnormal and impaired vision, they have a lower level of life satisfaction than their sighted peers. For the elderly with sight loss, well-designed housing could be an important indicator for their quality of life. Housing adjustment and modification could help the elderly cope with sight loss, do daily activities more independently, and lead to better quality of life. The purpose of this study is to investigate housing conditions for the elderly with vision impaired, state of housing adjustment or modifications, and the effects of housing conditions on the wellness of the elderly in Korea. For this study, 18 housing cases were investigated and a total number of 65 visually impaired people aged over 55 participated. Housing condition of those participated was poor. Most observed home hazards are level differences in living areas, obstacles in the hallway, confined space that is not allowed structural modification, swing doors from wardrobe or cabinets, color contrast, poor lightings, and etc. Majority of households participated in this study did not make modification or refurbishments, rather many of them tend to adapt themselves to their residential environments. Older adults living in better housing condition and under less difficult environments are likely to have higher life satisfaction. The effects of housing condition on wellness could be more influential when individual capabilities (e.g. health condition) are weaker. The findings underline that with intervention of individual characteristics, the effects of housing and physical environment on negative outcomes of vision loss would get ameliorated or reduced.