• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1248-1253
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• 2019

Using current evacuation methods, a crew describes the physical location of an accident and guides evacuation using alarms and emergency guide lights. However, in case of an accident on a large and complex building, an intelligent and effective emergency evacuation system is required to ensure the safety of evacuees. Therefore, several studies have been performed on intelligent path finding and emergency evacuation algorithms which are centralized guidance methods using gathered data from distributed sensor nodes. However, another important aspect is effective rescue guidance in an emergency situation. So far, there has been no consideration on the efficient rescue guidance scheme. Therefore, this paper proposes the genetic algorithm based emergency rescue guidance method using distributed wireless sensor networks. Performance evaluation using a computer simulation shows that the proposed scheme guarantees efficient path finding. The fitness converges to the minimum value in reasonable time. The density of each exit node is remarkably decreased as well.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.161-168
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• 2020

We report the discovery of a giant exoplanet in the microlensing event OGLE-2017-BLG-1049, with a planet-host star mass ratio of q = 9.53 ± 0.39 × 10-3 and a caustic crossing feature in Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) observations. The caustic crossing feature yields an angular Einstein radius of θE = 0.52 ± 0.11 mas. However, the microlens parallax is not measured because the time scale of the event, tE ≃ 29 days, is too short. Thus, we perform a Bayesian analysis to estimate physical quantities of the lens system. We find that the lens system has a star with mass Mh = 0.55+0.36-0.29 M⊙ hosting a giant planet with Mp = 5.53+3.62-2.87 MJup, at a distance of DL = 5.67+1.11-1.52 kpc. The projected star-planet separation is a⊥ = 3.92+1.10-1.32 au. This means that the planet is located beyond the snow line of the host. The relative lens-source proper motion is μrel ~ 7 mas yr-1, thus the lens and source will be separated from each other within 10 years. After this, it will be possible to measure the flux of the host star with 30 meter class telescopes and to determine its mass.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.242-263
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• 2021

This paper presents a method to implement a low-cost driving simulator for developing autonomous driving algorithms. This is implemented by using GTA V, a physical engine-based commercial game software, containing a function to emulate output and data of various sensors for autonomous driving. For this, NF of Script Hook V is incorporated to acquire GT data by accessing internal data of the software engine, and then, various sensor data for autonomous driving are generated. We present an overall function of the developed driving simulator and perform a verification of individual functions. We explain the process of acquiring GT data via direct access to the internal memory of the game engine to build up an autonomous driving algorithm development environment. And, finally, an example applicable to artificial neural network training and performance evaluation by processing the emulated sensor output is included.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.238-245
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• 2022

Previous reports have demonstrated that genetic mechanisms greatly mediate responses to drugs of abuse, including methamphetamine (METH). The circadian gene Period 2 (Per2) has been previously associated with differential responses towards METH in mice. While the behavioral consequences of eliminating Per2 have been illustrated previously, Per2 overexpression has not yet been comprehensively described; although, Per2-overexpressing (Per2 OE) mice previously showed reduced sensitivity towards METH-induced addiction-like behaviors. To further elucidate this distinct behavior of Per2 OE mice to METH, we identified possible candidate biomarkers by determining striatal differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both drug-naïve and METH-treated Per2 OE mice relative to wild-type (WT), through RNA sequencing. Of the several DEGs in drug naïve Per2 OE mice, we identified six genes that were altered after repeated METH treatment in WT mice, but not in Per2 OE mice. These results, validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, could suggest that the identified DEGs might underlie the previously reported weaker METH-induced responses of Per2 OE mice compared to WT. Gene network analysis also revealed that Asic3, Hba-a1, and Rnf17 are possibly associated with Per2 through physical interactions and predicted correlations, and might potentially participate in addiction. Inhibiting the functional protein of Asic3 prior to METH administration resulted in the partial reduction of METH-induced conditioned place preference in WT mice, supporting a possible involvement of Asic3 in METH-induced reward. Although encouraging further investigations, our findings suggest that these DEGs, including Asic3, may play significant roles in the lower sensitivity of Per2 OE mice to METH.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.2599-2605
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• 2022

The Korea Retrospective Dosimetry network (KREDOS) performed an inter-laboratory comparison to confirm the harmonization and reliability of the results of retrospective dosimetry using mobile phone. The mobile phones were exposed to ¹⁹²Ir while attached to the human phantoms in the field experiment, and the exposure doses read by each laboratory were compared. This paper describes the reference dosimetry performed to present the reference values for inter-comparison and to obtain additional information about the dose distribution. Reference dosimetry included both measurement using LiF:Mg,Cu,Si and calculation via MCNP simulation to allow a comparison of doses obtained with the two different methodologies. When irradiating the phones, LiF elements were attached to the phones and phantoms and irradiated at the same time. The comparison results for the front of the phantoms were in good agreement, with an average relative difference of about 10%, while an average of about 16% relative difference occurred for the back and side of the phantom. The differences were attributed to the different characteristics of the physical and simulated phantoms, such as anatomical structure and constituent materials. Nevertheless, there was about 4% of under-estimation compared to measurements in the overall linear fitting, indicating the calculations were well matched to the measurements.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides/nitrides or "MXenes" belong to a diverse-class of layered compounds, which offer composition- and electric-field-tunable electrical and physical properties. Although the majority of the MXenes, including Ti₃C₂T_x, are metallic, they typically show semiconductor-like behaviour in their percolated thin-film structure; this is also the most common structure used for fundamental studies and prototype device development of MXene. Magnetoconductance studies of thin-film MXenes are central to understanding their electronic transport properties and charge carrier dynamics, and also to evaluate their potential for spin-tronics and magnetoelectronics. Since MXenes are produced through solution processing, it is desirable to develop deposition strategies such as inkjet-printing to enable scale-up production with intricate structures/networks. Here, we systematically investigate the extrinsic negative magnetoconductance of inkjetprinted Ti₃C₂T_x MXene thin-films and report a crossover from weak anti-localization (WAL) to weak localization (WL) near 2.5K. The crossover from WAL to WL is consistent with strong, extrinsic, spin-orbit coupling, a key property for active control of spin currents in spin-orbitronic devices. From WAL/WL magnetoconductance analysis, we estimate that the printed MXene thin-film has a spin orbit coupling field of up to 0.84 T at 1.9 K. Our results and analyses offer a deeper understanding into microscopic charge carrier transport in Ti₃C₂T_x, revealing promising properties for printed, flexible, electronic and spinorbitronic device applications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.611-619
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• 2022

This study utilized the data from 2017, 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey to analyze the factors influencing depression and suicidal ideation among single-person households. For the analysis, demographic and economic variables as well as health status/behavior variables were considered. Activity restriction (OR: 4.753, p-value: <.0001) and smoking status (OR: 2.013, p-value: 0.044) were significantly associated with depression, and in terms of suicidal ideation, household income (OR: 3.526, p-value: 0.043), subjective health status (OR: 2.945, p-value: 0.007), activity restriction (OR: 2.263, p-value: 0.003) and smoking status (OR: 2.000, p-value: 0.023) showed significant association. In this regard, single-person households are likely to experience psychological angst, and further experience mental problems due to socio-economic and physical crisis. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a social network system in the community to detect those in need and provide appropriate interventions to prevent harmful outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.38-44
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• 2021

[Purpose] Exercise can prevent conditions such as atrophy and degenerative brain diseases. However, owing to individual differences in athletic ability, exercise supplements can be used to improve a person's exercise capacity. Schisandra chinensis (SC) is a natural product with various physiologically active effects. In this study, we analyzed SC using a pharmacological network and determined whether it could be used as an exercise supplement. [Methods] The active compounds of SC and target genes were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The active compound and target genes were selected based on pharmacokinetic (PK) conditions (oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30%, Caco-2 permeability (Caco-2) ≥ -0.4, and drug-likeness (DL) ≥ 0.18). Gene ontology (GO) was analyzed using the Cytoscape software. [Results] Eight active compounds were identified according to the PK conditions. Twenty-one target genes were identified after excluding duplicates in the eight active compounds. The top 10 GOs were analyzed using GO-biological process analysis. GO was subsequently divided into three representative categories: postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity (53.85%), an intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway (36.46%), and endopeptidase activity (10%). SC is related to immune function. [Conclusion] According to the GO analysis, SC plays a role in immunity and inflammation, promotes liver metabolism, improves fatigue, and regulates the function of steroid receptors. Therefore, we suggest SC as an exercise supplement with nutritional and anti-fatigue benefits.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.39-52
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• 2022

Multilayer perceptron neural network was trained to determine the factor of safety and slip surface of the slope. Slope geometry is a simple slope based on Korean design standards, and the case of dry and existing groundwater levels are both considered, and the properties of the soil composing the slope are considered to be sandy soil including fine particles. When curating the data required for model training, slope stability analysis was performed in 42,000 cases using the limit equilibrium method. Steady-state seepage analysis of groundwater was also performed, and the results generated were applied to slope stability analysis. Results show that the multilayer perceptron model can predict the factor of safety and failure arc with high performance when the slope's physical properties data are input. A method for quantitative validation of the model performance is presented.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.213-221
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• 2022

Background: This study investigated the clinical effectiveness of Korean medicine (KM) treatment for shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods: There were 61 patients who were diagnosed with SIS in the Jaseng hospital network of KM (7 hospitals located in Korea: Gangnam, Daejeon, Bucheon, Haeundae, Bundang, Ulsan, and Gwangju) between January 1^st, 2015 and December 31^st, 2020 who were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were grouped according to complications, intake of analgesics, duration of illness preadmission, and treatment. Treatments consisted of herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping, Chuna, pharmacopuncture, bee venom pharmacopuncture, medicinal steaming, Daoyin exercises, and physical therapy. By comparing the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, and European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions questionnaire scores, the effectiveness of integrated KM treatment was evaluated. Results: There were 14 males and 47 females. For inpatients diagnosed with SIS, the mean NRS score decreased from 5.78 ± 1.33 to 3.40 ± 1.43 (p < 0.001). The mean Shoulder Pain and Disability Index score decreased from 53.87 ± 14.76 to 38.56 ± 18.87 (p < 0.001), and the mean European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions questionnaire increased from 0.67 ± 0.13 to 0.76 ± 0.09 (p < 0.001) after KM treatment. Medicinal steaming (0.398; p < 0.001), acupuncture (0.290), cupping (0.288), bee venom pharmacopuncture (0.282), and Daoyin exercises (0.262; p < 0.05) had a positive correlation with improved changes in the NRS score. Conclusion: Conclusion: Treatment with integrated KM treatment improved the pain, range of motion, shoulder function, and quality of life of patients with SIS.