• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2002

Human body balances right and left leg centering around pelvis and spine. Therefore, imbalance of lower extremity means disequilibrium of the body. The difference of lower extremity length can cause a number of clinic symptoms including scoliosis, low back pain, sacroiliac pain, and sports injury. In this study, we tried to analyze low back pain and joint stiffness resulting from the difference of lower extremity length. The subjects were 80 male students who are 20-25 years old. The results of this study were as following: 1. Low back pain depending on the difference of lower extremity length One group which the difference of lower extremity length is above 12mm showed average different length as 18.0mm, the other group which one is below 12mm showed as 6.3mm. A group of above 12mm had more severe low back pain than a group of below 12mm. 2. Joint stiffness depending on the difference of lower extremity length A group of above 12mm had more severe joint stiffness than a group of below 12mm.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.474-482
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender difference of relationships between the self-esteem and physical and mental health of adolescents. The sample were consisted of 410 adolescents, 202 boys and 208 girls in two urban city of Korea and the mean age was 17.4 years old. The instruments used in this study were Hare Self-Esteem Scale(Hare, 1985) and School Health Efficacy Questionnaire(Froman & Owen, 1991) which is consisted of both physical and mental health. The results showed that there was no gender difference in self-esteem of adolescents. However, the school domain of self-esteem was related to physical health of boys, and both the family domain and the school domain of self-esteem were related to physical health of girls. And both the school domain and the peer domain of self-esteem were positively related to mental health of boys, and all domains of self-esteem(peer, school, and family) were positively related to mental health of girls. In conclusion, there was not gender difference in degree of self-esteem, but there were gender difference in specific domains of self-esteem related with physical and mental health in adolescents.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.379-386
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• 2000

This study is aimed to determine the cardiovascular function response to maximal exercise of chronic low back pain patients(N=13) and normal group(N=13). by using BRUCE PROTOCOL, subjects underwent tredmill exercise test. Their cardiovascular function responses during rest and after maximal exercise were compared The responses were analyzed using t-test for SPSS 7.0 program. The Cardiovascular function variables employed at rest time(Vo2, HR. Vo2/kg, VE, Vco2.) and all out time(Vo2peak. HRpeak, Vo2peak/kg, VEpeak. Vco2peak). Result show that : 1 There was no significant difference in Vo2 between chronic low back pain patients and normal group at rest time. However significant difference in Volpeak was observed after maximal exercise( p<.05). 2. There was no significant difference in HR between chronic low back pain patients and normal group at rest time. No significant difference in HRpeak likewise observed. 3. There was no significant difference in Vo2/kg between chronic low back pain patients and normal group at rest time. However significant difference in Vo2peak/kg was observed after maximal exercise load(p<.05). 4. There was no significance in VE between chronic low bark pain patients and normal group at rest time. However significant difference in VEpeak observed after maximal exercise load(p<.05).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.373-380
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• 2001

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of Lumbar Lordosis Angle (LLA)between patients with Low Back Pain (LBP) and control groups. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 40 adults LBP patients seeking physical therapy services and by 40 controls at the department of Physical Therapy, SaeJong Neurosurgical Clinic in Taegu city, South Korea from October 1999 to March 2000. LLA was measured on lateral x-ray films with standing position. The angle between a line parallel to tile top of the first Lumbar (Ll) and the top of the fifth Lumbar (L5) was defined LLA. Results: LLA of 29.88$^{\circ}$ for LBP patients was statistically significant decrease from that of 35.31$^{\circ}$ for controls in the difference of lumbar lordosis (p<0.01). There were statistically significant differences between genders in patients groups. Females(32.22$^{\circ}$) had significantly greater angles than males (27.32$^{\circ}$) (p<0.05), while 36.63$^{\circ}$ for female was also greater than 34.12$^{\circ}$ for male in the controls. No significant difference was found between age. In patient groups, 27.95$^{\circ}$ for below age 40 was a smaller than 32.32$^{\circ}$ for above, however, 35.82$^{\circ}$ for below age 40 was a little greater than 34.27$^{\circ}$ for above in controls. Patients in sitting posture had greater LLA (31.35$^{\circ}$). than those standing (28.93$^{\circ}$), however. values for controls were similar to each other. Conclusions: Results from this study indicate that distinct difference exist among patients and controls and gender, whereas little difference exists in age and working posture.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.214-223
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was practiced to investigate factors affecting physical therapist's job satisfaction. The data were collected from September 15, 2002 and 113 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. They were analyzed by the percent, frequency, T-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficiency The results of the study were as follows: The average marks by their job satisfaction factors indicated 3.09 for professional status, 3.22 for task requirement, 3.62 for pay, 2.96 for physical therapist-doctor relationship, 2.96 for administration, 2.89 for autonomy. There were statistically a difference of the professional status, pay, administration, in their age. There were statistically a difference of the professional status in total career, marriage presence. There were statistically a difference of the professional status, task requirement in total career.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2013

Background: The benefits of physical activity are well established and recognized to prevent adults from many chronic diseases and particularly some forms of cancers. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the present status of physical activity among Saudi adults in Al-Ahsa, and to examine the association between the stages of change for physical activity and perceived barriers, and self efficacy. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 242 subjects (118 males and 124 females) attending health centers aged between 20-56 years, were personally interviewed for demographic data, anthropometric measurement, physical activity level, stages of change for physical activity, self efficacy and perceived barriers. Results: Forty eight percent of the females were overweight and 16.9% of the males were obese with no significant difference between the genders for BMI categories. More than half of the females were inactive and 39% of the males were physically active with a significant difference (P=0.007). Twenty percent of the males were in maintenance stage, while similar percentage of the females were in contemplation stage. However the majority of the subjects were in pre-contemplation stage with a significant difference across the stages. Males had a higher mean score of self efficacy and less external barriers of physical activity. The major barrier among the females was lack of time ($7.2{\pm}1.4$) and in the males, lack of motivation ($7.7{\pm}1.4$). The females had less internal ($21.2{\pm}3.8$) barriers comparable to the males ($23.08{\pm}4.7$). Both genders had a significant relationship between stages of changes of physical activity and perceived barriers (internal and external), but in the females no significant difference across the stages was observed for self efficacy unlike the males who had a significant difference for self efficacy and self efficacy categories. Conclusion: The present study provided useful data on stages of change for physical activity and some psychosocial factors (self efficacy and perceived barriers) that can help to tailor strategies aiming at increasing physical activity level according to self efficacy and to the barriers detected, to prevent many chronic diseases including certain types of cancer in Saudi Arabia.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.29-43
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• 2023

Background: In the rehabilitation of stroke patients, regular physical activity is very important not only as a treatment for maximal functional recovery but also as a strategy to prevent the recurrence of stroke. The purpose of this study was to objectively measure the amount of physical activity in people with stroke, and to examine the differences in motor and cognitive function according to a level of physical activity. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Physical activity (GENEActiv), motor function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment), cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version), and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index were evaluated in adult stroke patients with hemiplegia. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the level of physical activity according to the motor and cognitive function. There was no statistically significant difference in motor and cognitive function according to the level of physical activity, but there was a statistically significant difference in the MBI (p<.01). Conclusion: As a result of the difference in the MBI according to the level of physical activity, it was found that the more moderate to vigorous physical activities are performed, the higher the independence in daily living. These results can be interpreted as that the more often you participate in physical activities such as physical therapy (gait training), the better your independence in ADL. Since regular physical activity participation of adult stroke patients can improve daily living performance, it is considered necessary to participate in physical activities such as continuous physical therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.119-154
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• 2003

In this paper, the proprioceptive sensitivity was compared by Foot-Hand task method and the effect of the proprioceptive sensitivity and auditory to the standing position between blind and normal children was measured using BPM for 56 children in 7, 8, 9 and 10 years old. There are three measurement methods are used for BPM : Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position. The following conclusions were obtained from the above measurements. 1. In comparison of proprioceptive sensitivity between blind and normal children, there is no significant difference(p > .05). There is no significant difference in comparison of each age group and also there is no difference in each gender group(p > .05). 2. In comparison of standing position measurement between blind and normal children, there is any difference (p > .05) in three measurement(Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position) but there is no significant difference in each gender difference(p > .05). There is any difference between Rest and 'Sound' position of blind children, also there is any difference between Forward Looking and ' Sound ' position, rest and 'Sound' position of normal children(p > .05). 3. There is no significant difference of correlation between proprioceptive sensitivity test and standing position measurement in Pearson correlation coefficient(p > .05).

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to seek for a performance level of functional independence of the long term care elderly people. This study questionnaires 160 elders with 80 in a large city and 80 in small－to－medium sized city in order to find out the functional independence of elderly people. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Functional independence level following health factor; The comparison of degrees of functional independence level between two groups showed significant difference in sanitation, drinking and smoking, eating habit, chronic disease, physical activities, and regular physical examination(P<.05). But the comparison between two groups was not showed significant difference in present treatment, regular exercise. 2. Functional independence level following Psychological factor; The comparison of degrees of functional independence level between two groups showed significant difference in health evaluation(P<.05). But the comparison between two groups was not showed significant difference in quality of life. In conclusion it is needed that stable housing, much physical activities, and diversified family members should be realized and stable livelihood security recipients to maintain and improve health of the aged and to be socially satisfied.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of scapular exercise and Kinesio taping of upper trapezius muscle on grip strength. Method: Subjects were consists of 15 males and 15 females who had disorder of upper extremity. The period of this study is 3 weeks (August 8-26, 2011). We had divided 3 groups, control group, Kinesio taping group, scapluar setting exercise (SSE) group. Results: Grip strength of control group was not significant difference (p>.05). Grip strength of Kinesio taping group was significant difference (p<.05). Grip strength of SSE group was significant difference (p<.05). Grip strength of control group, Kinesio taping group, SSE group were significant difference (p<.05). Conclusion: Kinesio taping group and SSE group are applying on upper trapezius. Both of two groups increased grip strength and was significant difference. Applying Kinesio taping on the upper trapezius and applying SSE on trapezius are effected on the grip strength.